Influence of Allee effect on the spatiotemporal behavior of a diffusive predator–prey model with Crowley–Martin type response function

Abstract

'Nijamuddin Ali' 'Krishnendu Sarkar' 'Salih Djilali' 'Anwar Zeb' 'Ilyas Khan' 'Sayed M Eldin'] The present paper is dealt with a predator-prey model in which the growth of the prey population is influenced by the Allee effect while the predator species are contended with the prey population following the Crowley-Martin type response function. The proposed model is comprehensively analyzed in terms of stability and manifestation of bifurcation of the system. The system unveils the bi-stability together with the existence of a separatrix. In view of the eminence of spatial ecology, the dynamical complexity emanating from the induction of the Allee effect in prey species of a Crowley-Martin reaction-diffusion predator-prey model is also investigated profoundly. The results of numerical simulations reveal that the present system dynamics is motivated by both the Allee effect and diffusion-controlled pattern formation growth to hot spots, stripe-hot spot mixtures, stripes, labyrinthine, stripe-cold spot mixtures, and cold spots replication. The theoretical consequences of the spatiotemporal model under study are validated through numerical simulations.