Hyaluronic Acid‐Based Bleaching Gels With NF_TiO 2 and Violet LED : Efficacy and Cytotoxicity of Low‐Concentration H 2 O 2 for In‐Office Bleaching
Marcos Roberto de Lima de Benati, Priscila Borges Gobbo de Melo, Rafael Antonio de Oliveira Ribeiro, Fernando Luis Esteban Florez, Carlos Alberto de Souza Costa, Vanessa Cavalli
Abstract
1## Introduction Tooth bleaching is a common procedure in dental practice due to its ability to produce a rapid and effective change in tooth color . High concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (HP; H2O2) used during in-office dental bleaching procedures, typically ranging from 25% to 40%, are the primary cause of side effects on dental enamel associated with bleaching treatments . Commonly reported adverse effects include increased surface roughness , alterations in mineral composition (Ca/P ratio) and substrate morphology , as well as reduction in enamel microhardness . Moreover, the dissociati
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