Advances in Preoperative and Intraoperative Technologies for Safe Resection of Gliomas in Cognitive Regions

Abstract

Title: Simple Summary Brain surgery for tumours has evolved from simply removing as much tissue as possible to protecting the functions that make each person unique, such as speech, memory, and movement. Our review explains how new imaging and mapping techniques now allow surgeons to see which areas of the brain are essential before and during an operation. Using tools like advanced MRI scans, real-time imaging, and awake procedures, doctors can remove more of the tumour while keeping important abilities intact. Our article also discusses how these technologies can be adapted to different hospital settings and what challenges remain, including cost, accessibility, and the need for standard methods. By bringing together knowledge from imaging, surgery, and neuroscience, this research aims to help develop safer, more precise, and more personalised approaches to brain tumour treatment worldwide.