12 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Dona M. Gunawardana, Francis Kuang, Simranjeet Kaur, Jordan A. P. McIvor + 9 more
Ethylene is a central plant hormone that orchestrates growth, development, senescence, and stress responses. Because it is gaseous, ethylene must be synthesised on demand, yet the catalytic and regulatory mechanisms of its biosynthetic enzyme, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO), remain poorly…
Ekkachai Khwanbua, Yunhui Qi, John Ssengo, Peng Liu + 2 more
Rising atmospheric CO_2_ has profound implications for crop productivity and food security. Based on studies in C3 plants, elevated CO_2_ (eCO_2_) can shape plant-pathogen interactions, although the outcomes are often variable. The question of how eCO_2_ influences immunity and disease development in C4 plants, such as…
Yuka Adachi Katayama, Masao Inoue, Shunsuke Okamoto, Yoshihiko Sako + 3 more
Diverse microorganisms couple the oxidation of carbon monoxide gas (CO) to the reduction of protons, producing hydrogen gas (H_2_). This energy-conserving process is mediated by the nickel-containing CO dehydrogenase/energy-converting hydrogenase (Ni-CODH/ECH). Yielding only a small supply of energy, the physiological…
Peter Walke, Carolin Poppitz, Niklas Menz, Wolfgang R. Hess + 3 more
Oxygenic phototrophs fix CO_2_ via the enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RubisCO) that shows relatively low CO_2_ affinity and specificity. To circumvent low and fluctuating CO_2_ concentrations in aquatic systems, cyanobacteria and algae have evolved sophisticated inorganic carbon (Ci)…
Satoshi Iwano, Jungo Kato, Tomoko Toramaru, Hiroshi Hama + 6 more
Accurate measurement of cellular oxygen levels is essential for understanding the balance between oxygen demand and supply in tissues. However, conventional methods only yield compromised results. We harnessed the oxygen dependence of bioluminescence to develop OxyBLI—a noninvasive optical method that directly monitors…
Yat Kei Lo, Michael Seletskiy, Stefan Bohn, Darja Deobald + 3 more
The fixation of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) such as CO_2_ and bicarbonate by autotrophic microorganisms is fundamental to the global primary production. Many autotrophs depend on a diversity of CO_2_-concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) to overcome the inefficiency of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase…
Laura Opdam, Marta Meneghello, Chloé Guendon, Jade Chargelègue + 4 more
CO dehydrogenases (CODH) are metalloenzymes that reversibly oxidize CO to CO_2_, at a buried NiFe_4_S_4_ active site. The substrates, CO and CO_2_, need therefore to be transported through the protein matrix to reach the active site. The most likely pathway for intra-protein diffusion is the hydrophobic channel…
Sandra M. Nordlie, Robert Schafer, Adam Rauckhorst, Ana M. Santos-Exposito + 9 more
Humans have 3 different PANK enzymes (PANK1-3) that catalyze the first step in the de novo synthesis of Coenzyme A (CoA). All PANKs are feedback inhibited by acyl-CoAs but only PANK2 can overcome this inhibition by binding palmitoyl-carnitine. Previous studies, conducted under glucose-replete conditions, have failed to…
Sandra M. Nordlie, Robert Schafer, Adam Rauckhorst, Ana M. Santos-Exposito + 9 more
Pantothenate phosphorylation by pantothenate kinase (PANK) represents the first step in the de novo synthesis of Coenzyme A (CoA). Humans have 4 different PANK enzymes (PANK1-4) although PANK4 was recently shown to act as a phosphatase. Only PANK2 has been detected in the mitochondria. PANKs 1-3 are feedback inhibited…
Susan McLatchie, Sara Palestini, Asher Woodhead, Tony Gutierrez + 1 more
Carboxylases are among the most important enzymes in nature as they catalyze the fixation of inorganic carbon (CO_2_), a central step in the global carbon cycle. In addition to their well-known function in autotrophic CO_2_ fixation, many carboxylases play a role in the heterotrophic assimilation of organic compounds.…
Loraine M. Rourke, Caitlin S. Byrt, Benedict M. Long, G. Dean Price
Cyanobacteria rely on bicarbonate (HCO_3_^-^) as the primary inorganic carbon (Ci) source for photosynthesis in aquatic environments. To use of this Ci source, cyanobacteria employ CO_2_ concentrating mechanisms (CCMs) that elevate cytoplasmic HCO_3_^-^ via plasma membrane transporters, enhancing carboxylation by…
Yutong Lydia Sun, Nayana Menon, Xiaole Zachary Zhong, J. Jean Chen
The white matter (WM) cerebrovascular response remains poorly understood compared with grey matter (GM), partly due to technical challenges in perfusion quantification. Previous hypercapnia studies using BOLD MRI have reported reduced or negative WM cerebrovascular reactivity, but whether these findings reflect true…