15 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Aial Sobeh, Simone Shamay-Tsoory, Bruno Kluwe-Schiavon, Giorgio Manenti
Human behavior is shaped by a pervasive motive to align with others, manifesting across a wide range of tendencies-from motor synchrony and emotional contagion to convergence in beliefs and choices. Existing accounts explain how alignment arises through predictive coding and observation-execution mechanisms, but they…
Toshitake Asabuki, Claudia Clopath
Recurrent neural circuits often face inherent complexities in learning and generating their desired outputs, especially when they initially exhibit chaotic spontaneous activity. While the celebrated FORCE learning rule can train chaotic recurrent networks to produce coherent patterns by suppressing chaos, it requires…
Morten Nielsen, Ole Lund
Background The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule plays a central role in controlling the adaptive immune response to infections. MHC class I molecules present peptides derived from intracellular proteins to cytotoxic T cells, whereas MHC class II molecules stimulate cellular and humoral immunity through…
Morten Nielsen, Claus Lundegaard, Ole Lund
Background Antigen presenting cells (APCs) sample the extra cellular space and present peptides from here to T helper cells, which can be activated if the peptides are of foreign origin. The peptides are presented on the surface of the cells in complex with major histocompatibility class II (MHC II) molecules.…
Maryam Gillani, Gianluca Pollastri
Alignments in bioinformatics refer to the arrangement of sequences to identify regions of similarity that can indicate functional, structural, or evolutionary relationships. They are crucial for bioinformaticians as they enable accurate predictions and analyses in various applications, including protein subcellular…
Byung-Jun Yoon
Background Sequence alignment has become an indispensable tool in modern molecular biology research, and probabilistic sequence alignment models have been shown to provide an effective framework for building accurate sequence alignment tools. One such example is the pair hidden Markov model (pair-HMM), which has been…
Zhen Tan, Yinghan Fu, Gaurav Sharma, David H. Mathews
This paper presents TurboFold II, an extension of the TurboFold algorithm for predicting secondary structures for multiple RNA homologs. TurboFold II augments the structure prediction capabilities of TurboFold by additionally providing multiple sequence alignments. Probabilities for alignment of nucleotide positions…
Tao Fang, Damian Szklarczyk, Radja Hachilif, Christian von Mering
Protein-protein interactions (PPIs) play essential roles in most biological processes. The binding interfaces between interacting proteins impose evolutionary constraints that have successfully been employed to predict PPIs from multiple sequence alignments (MSAs). To construct MSAs, critical choices have to be made…
Maurits Dijkstra, Punto Bawono, Sanne Abeln, K. Anton Feenstra + 3 more
'Wan Fokkink' 'Jaap Heringa' 'Ilya Ioshikhes'] Protein or DNA motifs are sequence regions which possess biological importance. These regions are often highly conserved among homologous sequences. The generation of multiple sequence alignments (MSAs) with a correct alignment of the conserved sequence motifs is still…
Michael L Sierk, Michael E Smoot, Ellen J Bass, William R Pearson
Background While the pairwise alignments produced by sequence similarity searches are a powerful tool for identifying homologous proteins - proteins that share a common ancestor and a similar structure; pairwise sequence alignments often fail to represent accurately the structural alignments inferred from…
Maurits J J Dijkstra, Atze J van der Ploeg, K Anton Feenstra, Wan J Fokkink + 3 more
Multiple sequence alignment (MSA) is one of the fundamental tasks in bioinformatics, essential to a wide variety of workflows, including fold prediction, phylogenetic analysis and mutation impact prediction. The exact solution with dynamic programming is not feasible for more than a handful of sequences. For protein…
Minh Duc Cao, Trevor I Dix, Lloyd Allison
Background Traditional genome alignment methods consider sequence alignment as a variation of the string edit distance problem, and perform alignment by matching characters of the two sequences. They are often computationally expensive and unable to deal with low information regions. Furthermore, they lack a…
Yixiao Zhai, Zitong Zhang, Zhen Li
The reliability of multiple sequence alignment (MSA) results directly determines the credibility of the conclusions drawn from biological research. However, MSA is inherently an NP-hard problem, making it theoretically impossible to guarantee a globally optimal solution. Consequently, in addition to developing more…
Shweta B. Shah, Nikolaos V. Sahinidis, Vasilis J. Promponas
Protein structure alignment is the problem of determining an assignment between the amino-acid residues of two given proteins in a way that maximizes a measure of similarity between the two superimposed protein structures. By identifying geometric similarities, structure alignment algorithms provide critical insights…
Han Li, Fengzhu Sun
Predicting the hosts of newly discovered viruses is important for pandemic surveillance of infectious diseases. We investigated the use of alignment-based and alignment-free methods and support vector machine using mononucleotide frequency and dinucleotide bias to predict the hosts of viruses, and applied these…