16 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Kiri L. Wagstaff
Isolated digit classification has served as a motivating problem for decades of machine learning research. In real settings, numbers often occur as multiple digits, all written by the same person. Examples include ZIP Codes, handwritten check amounts, and appointment times. In this work, we leverage knowledge about the…
Yannai Kashtan, Chenghao Wang, Kari C Nadeau, Robert B Jackson + 1 more
Concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) measured outdoors using satellites and ground-level stations across the United States are regularly used to estimate NO2 exposures and disease burdens. In contrast, exposures attributable to sources of NO2 indoors are neither systematically monitored nor estimated. Here, to our…
Michelle Dougherty, Robert W.S. Coulter, Sarah L. Pedersen, Maya I. Ragavan + 2 more
2.1.### Data sources and measures We linked all data for this study at the ZIP code level by year. ZIP codes correspond to post office delivery areas and can include point-based areas, such as post office boxes. We spatially joined ZIP codes to create contiguous areas (e.g., by merging points such as post office boxes…
Patrick Travis Courtney, Myung-Shin Sim, Michelle A. Eala, Eulanca Y. Liu + 6 more
Introduction Variations in radiation oncology care by provider and geography have been reported through predominantly analyzed radiotherapy delivery. We evaluated variations in radiation oncologist practices and payments by ZIP code-level sociodemographic data to broaden our understanding of these variations. Methods…
Alexander Muacevic, John R Adler, Karter Morris, Ashley Price + 8 more
Introduction When comparing surgical outcomes for individual physicians, it is important to note the multifactorial element of socioeconomic status (SES) in recovery complications. Area-based measures of SES, like residential zip codes, are often used in risk-adjustment models. In this study, we sought to determine if…
Snigdha R. Peddireddy, Stephanie Beane, Courtney Yarbrough, Umedjon Ibragimov + 4 more
Background Alcohol outlet density (AOD) is associated with drinking behaviors and related harms across several populations. As alcohol consumption compounds the depressive effects of opioids to increase overdose risk among people who inject drugs (PWID), this study investigated (1) whether off-premise AOD is associated…
Michelle Dougherty, Robert W. S. Coulter, Sarah L. Pedersen, Maya I. Ragavan + 2 more
2.1### Data Sources and Measures We linked all data for this study at the ZIP code level by year. ZIP codes correspond to post office delivery areas and can include point-based areas, such as post office boxes. We spatially joined ZIP codes to create contiguous areas, resulting in year-specific shapefiles with 7257…
Ray, Auyona
This project began by constructing an index of economic insecurity using multiple socioeconomic indicators. Although poverty alone predicted SNAP participation more accurately than the composite index, its explanatory power was weaker than anticipated, echoing past findings that enrollment cannot be explained by income…
Maria Y. Rodriguez, Ehren Dohler, J. G. Porter Phillips, Melissa L. Villodas + 4 more
Open-source data and tools are lauded as essential for replicable and usable social science, though little is known about their use in resource constrained human service provision. This paper examines the challenges and opportunities of open-source tools and data in human service development by using both to forecast…
Fei Huang, Giles Hooker
Algorithmic systems now set prices across auto insurance, credit, and lending markets, and regulators increasingly require firms to demonstrate that these systems do not discriminate against protected groups. The standard audit regresses pricing output on a protected attribute and legitimate rating factors, then tests…
Bo Li
During the 1999-2019 U.S. housing cycle, three empirical facts present a puzzle: in the boom period, the correlation between income growth and mortgage growth is (1) negative across ZIP codes within a metropolitan area, but (2) positive across metropolitan areas, and (3) the metropolitan areas that experience the worst…
Authors not listed
Tools quantifying co-pollutant and public health benefits of decarbonization policies typically have coarse resolution, limiting understanding of local impacts and underestimating benefits. We present the New York Community-Scale Health and Air Pollution Policy Analysis tool, a new high resolution modeling framework to…
Danai G Sakelliadou, Scott L Brincat, Mikael Lundqvist, Earl K Miller
There is an ongoing debate regarding the dimensionality of neural representations. Some accounts emphasize representation within low-dimensional subspaces or manifolds, while others suggest high-dimensional neural codes where neurons respond independently. Here, we investigate the dimensionality of prefrontal cortex…
Avijit Mallick, Yunguang Du, Cole Haynes
Mitochondrial dysfunction and extracellular protein aggregation occur in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, it remains unclear if these processes are functionally linked. Here, we identify a signaling pathway that is activated upon accumulation of aggregation-prone proteins in the…
Huanqiu Zhang, Israel Nelken, Tatyana Sharpee
Deciphering the neural code requires identifying its fundamental symbols or code-words. Neural activity is usually interpreted either as a rate code – based on average spike counts – or as a temporal code, which distinguishes patterns with identical counts. Yet, the symbols of the code remain undefined. Here we show…
Rohin Manvi, Joey Hong, Tim Seyde, Maxime Labonne + 2 more
Large language models excel at reasoning but lack key aspects of introspection, including the ability to anticipate their own success and the computation required to achieve it. Humans use real-time introspection to decide how much effort to invest, when to make multiple attempts, when to stop, and when to signal…