8 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
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Step-by-step thinking is essential in all domains of chemical sciences and engineering. While machine learning tools are broadly used, algorithms that automate reasoning are far less common. We elaborate on seven categories of human reasoning activities and connect each to applications in chemical science and…
Tianfan Jin, Brett M Savoie
Contemporary machine learning algorithms have largely succeeded in automating the development of mathematical models from data. Although this is a striking accomplishment, it leaves unaddressed the multitude of scenarios, especially across the chemical sciences and engineering, where deductive, rather than inductive…
Francisco Salto, Carmen Requena, Paula Alvarez-Merino, Víctor Rodríguez + 2 more
'Víctor Rodríguez' 'Jesús Poza' 'Roberto Hornero'] Introduction Logically valid deductive arguments are clear examples of abstract recursive computational procedures on propositions or on probabilities. However, it is not known if the cortical time-consuming inferential processes in which logical arguments are…
Yacin Hamami, Marie Amalric
Deductive reasoning is essential to most of our scientific and technological achievements and is a crucial component to scientific education. In Western culture, deductive reasoning first emerged as a dedicated mode of thinking in the field of geometry, but the cognitive mechanisms behind this major intellectual…
Alexander V. Gheorghiu, David J. Pym
The development of logic has largely been through the deductive paradigm: conclusions are inferred from established premisses. However, the use of logic in the context of both human and machine reasoning is typically through the dual reductive perspective: collections of sufficient premisses are generated from putative…
Salma Waheed, Abdul Waheed, Sana Habib, Agnieszka Konys
This study looked at a classical truth logic of multi-propositions that is new in some ways: [1] Alethic modalities were mixed with logical consistency and incompatibility in a single plate form, i.e., necessary consistency (NC), possible consistency (PC)/ possible incompatibility (PI) and impossible incompatibility…
Igor Douven, Steven Verheyen, Shira Elqayam, Peter Gärdenfors + 1 more
'Matías Osta-Vélez'] Whereas the validity of deductive inferences can be characterized in terms of their logical form, this is not true for all inferences that appear pre-theoretically valid. Nonetheless, philosophers have argued that at least some of those inferences-sometimes called “similarity-based inferences” -can…
Selmer Bringsjord, Michael Giancola, Naveen Sundar Govindarajulu, John Slowik + 3 more
'John Slowik' 'James Oswald' 'Paul Bello' 'Micah Clark'] Formal deductive logic, used to express and reason over declarative, axiomatizable content, captures, we now know, essentially all of what is known in mathematics and physics, and captures as well the details of the proofs by which such knowledge has been…