20 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Athina Pitta
Executive functions (EFs) are higher-order cognitive control processes that enable goal-directed behavior, self-regulation, and adaptive functioning across the lifespan. A widely adopted theoretical framework conceptualizes core executive functions as inhibitory control, updating of working memory representations, and…
Demis Basso, Ida Bosio, Vincenza Tarantino, Francesco Carabba + 1 more
Since its introduction, the construct of executive functions (EFs) has been associated with a set of tests to assess these functions and a brain network centered in the associative frontal brain regions. While the majority of perspectives have endorsed these associations, some studies have started casting doubts on…
Luke M. Gilbert, Ryan A. Williams, John G. Morris, Anna Dunn + 4 more
Executive function is typically considered from a chronological age perspective, despite the influence of biological maturity on executive function development. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of chronological age and biological maturity on inhibitory control and working memory, separately in…
Andrew Danso, Julia Vigl, Friederike Koehler, Keegan Knittle + 11 more
Introduction Maintaining a steady running pace despite physical or mental fatigue often engages executive functions. These functions may contribute to sustaining exercise participation by regulating cognitive and affective responses to the demands of physical exercise. Research on both music and acute exercise…
Chia‐Wei Fan, Pai‐Cheng Lin, Cheng‐Fang Yen, Chung‐Ying Lin
1## Introduction Executive function refers to a complex set of higher order cognitive operations that includes working memory, inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, planning, reasoning, and problem solving (Cristofori et al. ; Lezak et al. ; Welsh and Pennington ). Executive function controls and regulates a…
Ryuta Kuwamizu, Nozomi Yamamoto, Kota Otani, Yusuke Moriguchi
Executive function develops rapidly in early childhood and predicts later success in life, yet its neurobiological correlates during this period remain poorly understood. In adults, executive function is supported by prefrontal–striatal circuits under neuromodulatory control, including dopamine. Here, we show that…
Zhanshuang Bai, Yuanqi Huang, Linjun Li, Jinhao Ding + 3 more
Introduction Previous studies have shown that acute exercise may be associated with short-term changes in executive function. However, executive function is a multidimensional construct, and it remains unclear whether acute exercise influences specific components, including inhibitory control, working memory, and…
Simone Migliore, Martina Marcaccio, Ilaria Di Pompeo, Massimo Marano + 1 more
4## Discussion The present review is updated to November 2024, provides a systematic mapping between executive function domains and their underlying neural circuits, and integrates multimodal findings from neuroimaging and neurophysiological research with clinical and functional outcomes. Moreover, by emphasizing…
Sina A. Schwarze, Ulman Lindenberger, Silvia A. Bunge, Yana Fandakova
Cognitive training often aims to improve cognitive skills, but outcomes have been variable in terms of their success. One factor that has been found to predict training outcomes is the degree of modularity of functional brain networks, defined as the extent to which brain regions are more strongly connected to regions…
Diego D. Díaz-Guerra, Evelyn Fernández-Castillo, Carlos Ramos-Galarza, Melany de la Torre Pérez + 4 more
Executive functions (EF) are higher-order cognitive processes essential for academic performance in university settings. Although there is extensive research on EF training in children, studies in young adults are scarce, particularly those involving interventions tailored to specific needs. To evaluate the effect of…
Hui Xin Ng, Ashley Sutherland, Lisa Eyler
Neuroimaging-derived brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD) is a promising marker of advanced brain aging, but its link to cognitive function in bipolar disorder (BD) is not well understood, especially when comparing across publicly available algorithms trained on diverse, large sample datasets and to algorithms…
Zhou, Dale, Cosme, Danielle + 14 more
Cognitive control is a suite of processes that helps individuals pursue goals despite resistance or uncertainty about what to do. Deficits of cognitive control underlie compulsive or risky behavior, as well as other clinical challenges associated with difficulties in regulating impulses, attention, thoughts, and…
Tanu Raghav, Daniel Guerrero, Uttara Tipnis, Julie Sara Benny + 7 more
Functional connectivity varies across individuals due to genetic and environmental factors, yet classical twin models typically confound non-shared environment with measurement error and are largely limited to resting-state analyses. We hypothesized that: i) explicitly modeling measurement error from repeated fMRI…
Dicle Karacadag, Bianka Brezóczki, Emanuele Ciardo, Teodóra Vékony + 2 more
Disordered eating attitudes exist on a continuum that extends well below clinical diagnostic thresholds, yet the cognitive correlates of this non-clinical variation remain incompletely understood. Previous research linking executive functioning to disordered eating in non-clinical samples has relied almost exclusively…
Junjie Wu, Benjamin B Risk, Taylor A James, Nicholas Seyfried + 5 more
\ James J. Lah, MD, PhD, Department of Neurology, Emory University, 6 Executive Park Dr NE, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. Telephone: (+1) 404-727-3509. E-mail: jlah@emory.edu \ Deqiang Qiu, PhD, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. Telephone: (+1)…
Rui He, Ercong Nie, Hong Jiang, Iris E. Sommer + 2 more
Changes in spontaneous speech provide an early signal of cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD) that large language models (LLMs) can detect. However, detection alone cannot establish whether the underlying model representations contribute functionally to behavior. We introduce an activation-guided…
Paolo Victor Redondo, Raphaël Huser, Hernando Ombao
Alterations in functional brain connectivity characterize neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD). As a non-invasive and cost-effective technique, electroencephalography (EEG) is gaining increasing attention for its potential to identify reliable biomarkers for…
Alessandro Salatiello
Coordinating multi-articulated bodies to generate purposeful movement is a formidable computational challenge. Yet the human motor system performs this task robustly in dynamic, uncertain environments, despite noisy and delayed feedback, slow actuators, and strict energetic constraints. A central question is what…
Authors not listed
TIMP2 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2) plays a crucial role in hippocampal neuroplasticity and cognitive function through MMP-independent signaling. Despite its therapeutic promise, TIMP2 has long been considered 'undruggable' due to its cryptic surface topology and lack of canonical active sites. We present a…
Authors not listed
Decades of extensive research have proved that β-amyloid (Aβ) peptides and their aggregation, inducing oxidative stress in the brain, play a key role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) development. Moreover, Aβ peptides bind to Cu(II) ions, and the resulting complexes accelerate the aggregation process while promoting the…