18 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Michele Fornaciai, Joonkoo Park, Roberto Arrighi
Perceiving numerosity-the number of discrete items in a set-represents a fundamental step to understand the surrounding environment. Its ubiquitous nature across animal species suggests that it provides important advantages for survival. It is also thought to serve as an important basis for advanced mathematical…
Jorge Yago Malo, Guido Marco Cicchini, Maria Concetta Morrone, Maria Luisa Chiofalo
'Maria Luisa Chiofalo'] Humans share with animals, both vertebrates and invertebrates, the capacity to sense the number of items in their environment already at birth. The pervasiveness of this skill across the animal kingdom suggests that it should emerge in very simple populations of neurons. Current modelling…
Irene Togoli, Olivier Collignon, Domenica Bueti, Michele Fornaciai
The human brain is endowed with an intuitive sense of number allowing to perceive the approximate quantity of items in a scene, or “numerosity.” This ability is not limited to items distributed in space, but also to events unfolding in time and to the average numerosity of dynamic scenes. How the brain computes and…
Liangyou Zhang, Evi Hendrikx, Yizhen Wang, Surya Gayet + 2 more
Humans and many animals rapidly and accurately perceive numerosity, the number of objects, in a visual image. The numerosity of recently viewed images influences our perception of the current image’s numerosity: numerosity adaptation. How does numerosity adaptation affect responses to numerosity in the brain? Recent…
Huanyu Yang, Liangzhi Jia, Jun Zhu, Jian Zhang + 4 more
'Chenli Li' 'Yun Pan' 'Giorgio Vallortigara'] Groupitizing is a well-established strategy in numerosity perception that enhances speed and sensory precision. Building on the ATOM theory, Anobile proposed the sensorimotor numerosity system, which posits a strong link between number and action. Previous studies using…
Alessandro Benedetto, Roberto Arrighi, Elisa Castaldi
Numerosity perception enables us to quickly estimate the number of objects in a visual scene, a fundamental skill supporting efficient interaction with the environment. In this study, we tracked how the human brain transforms physical inputs into numerical percepts. Using EEG we measured the neural dynamics to assess…
Alessia Tonelli, Irene Togoli, Roberto Arrighi, Monica Gori + 1 more
'Yang Zhang'] Number sense is the ability to estimate the number of items, and it is common to many species. Despite the numerous studies dedicated to unveiling how numerosity is processed in the human brain, to date, it is not clear whether the representation of numerosity is supported by a single general mechanism or…
Wei Liu, Jingguang Li, Yajun Zhao, Xinyu Xie + 1 more
Perceiving numerosity, the ability to rapidly estimate the number of discrete elements in a set or presented sequentially, is fundamental to our understanding of the surrounding environment, and serves as an important basis for advanced mathematical thinking. A series of studies have shown interest in how we estimate…
Leo D’Amato, Davide Nuzzi, Alberto Testolin, Ivilin Peev Stoianov + 2 more
Number sense is a core cognitive ability supporting various adaptive behaviors and is foundational for mathematical learning. In this study, we investigate its emergence in unsupervised generative models through the lens of rate-distortion theory (RDT), a normative framework for understanding information processing…
Marco Bertamini
There are many situations in which we interact with collections of objects, from a crowd of people to a bowl of blackberries. There is an experience of the quantity of these items, although not a precise number, and we have this impression quickly and effortlessly. It can be described as an expressive property of the…
Joonkoo Park, Shimin Hu
Robust evidence now suggests that numerosity perception emerges from the early visual cortex. However, such empirical findings pose a theoretical challenge for explaining how a low-level perceptual system represents discrete values from continuous input independently of other magnitude dimensions. Among proposals for…
Paula A. Maldonado Moscoso, Giuseppe Maduli, Giovanni Anobile, Roberto Arrighi + 1 more
'Roberto Arrighi' 'Elisa Castaldi'] Symmetry is an important and strong cue we rely on to organize the visual world. Although it is at the basis of objects segmentation in a visual scene, it can sometimes bias our perception. When asked to discriminate numerical quantities between symmetric and asymmetric arrays…
Camilla Caponi, Elisa Castaldi, Paolo Antonino Grasso, Roberto Arrighi
Perceptual adaptation has been used to infer the existence of numerosity detectors, which allow humans to quickly estimate the number of objects in a scene. While adaptation was originally thought to affect numerosity perception regardless of the low-level features of the items, a recent study demonstrated that…
Wei Liu, Xiaoke Zhao, Ying Liu, Yating Li + 1 more
Numerosity adaptation is a phenomenon in which prolonged exposure to a stimulus of greater numerosity makes subsequent stimuli appear less numerous, and vice versa. It has been confined to moderated numerosities outside the subitizing range (> 4). This study investigated whether the estimation of small numerosities…
Wei Liu, Chunhui Wang, Xiaoke Zhao, Shixin Deng + 2 more
'Zhijun Zhang'] A series of studies show interest in how visual attributes affect the estimate of object numbers in a scene. In comparison tasks, it is suggested that larger patches are perceived as more numerous. However, the inequality of density, which changes inversely with the area when numerosity remains…
Kuinan Hou, Marco Zorzi, Alberto Testolin
magnitudes in natural scenes using computer vision Authors: ['Kuinan Hou' 'Marco Zorzi' 'Alberto Testolin'] Humans share with many animal species the ability to perceive and approximately represent the number of objects in visual scenes. This ability improves throughout childhood, suggesting that learning and…
Zhao, Yaqi, Wang, Xiaochen + 6 more
Numerosity remains a challenge for state-of-the-art text-to-image generation models like FLUX and GPT-4o, which often fail to accurately follow counting instructions in text prompts. In this paper, we aim to study a fundamental yet often overlooked question: Can diffusion models inherently generate the correct number…
Ivana Kajić, Aida Nematzadeh
The ability to discriminate between large and small quantities is a core aspect of basic numerical competence in both humans and animals. In this work, we examine the extent to which the state-of-the-art neural networks designed for vision exhibit this basic ability. Motivated by studies in animal and infant numerical…