16 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Joseph G. Schulze, Natalie R. Hinkel, W. R. Panero, Cayman T. Unterborn
The bulk compositions of small planets (R p < 2R⊕) are directly linked to their formation histories, making reliable compositional constraints imperative for testing models of planet formation and evolution. Because exoplanet interiors cannot be directly observed, their make-up must be inferred from…
Sossi, Paolo A., Hin, Remco C. + 6 more
Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3, 37077, Göttingen, Germany Laboratoire Lagrange, Université Côte d'Azur, Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, CNRS, CS 34229, F-06304, Nice, France Collège de France, CNRS, PSL Université, Sorbonne Université, F-75014, Paris, France Department of Earth…
Tilman Spohn, Aki Roberge, M. J. Way, João C. Duarte + 4 more
This article reviews the emerging field of exo-geoscience, focusing on the geological and geophysical processes thought to influence the evolution and (eu)habitability of rocky exoplanets. We examine the possible roles of planetary interiors, tectonic regimes, continental coverage, volatile cycling, magnetic fields…
Bizzarro, Martin, Johansen, Anders + 2 more
Planets form and obtain their compositions from the leftover material present in protoplanetary disks of dust and gas surrounding young stars. The chemical make-up of a disk influences every aspect of planetary composition including their overall chemical properties, volatile content, atmospheric composition, and…
Philipp Baumeister, Francesca Miozzi, Claire Marie Guimond, Marie-Luise Steinmeyer + 6 more
Most our knowledge about rocky exoplanets is based on their measure of mass and radius. These two parameters are routinely measured and are used to categorise different populations of observed exoplanets. They are also tightly linked to the planet’s properties, in particular those of the interior. As such they offer…
Klaus Mezger, Jonas Pape, Aryavart Anand, Pascal M. Kruttasch + 2 more
Chemical and chronological information preserved in meteorites permits the reconstruction of events and processes in the solar nebula from the formation of the first solids to the accretion of planetary bodies and their subsequent differentiation. The path from a gas-dust cloud to differentiated planets includes…
Léna Parc, Julia Venturini, François Bouchy, Ravit Helled + 5 more
Super-Earths and sub-Neptunes represent the most common class of exoplanets discovered to date in our galaxy, yet they have no direct analogues in the Solar System. Since 2014, researchers within the NCCR PlanetS have made significant contributions to understanding the origin and nature of these small planets. This…
Jorge A. Sanchez, Peter C. B. Smith, Krishna Kanumalla, Luis Welbanks + 16 more
The elemental compositions of exoplanets encode information about their formation environments and internal structures. While volatile ratios such as carbon-to-oxygen (C/O) are used to trace formation location, the rock-forming elements-magnesium (Mg), silicon (Si), and iron (Fe)-govern interior mineralogy and are…
Lichtenberg, Tim, Shorttle, Oliver + 4 more
> Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK 3 Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK Earth and Planets Laboratory, Carnegie Institution for Science, Washington, DC, USA The Observatories of…
Philipp Baumeister, Francesca Miozzi, Claire Marie Guimond, Marie-Luise Steinmeyer + 6 more
Most our knowledge about rocky exoplanets is based on their measure of mass and radius. These two parameters are routinely measured and are used to categorise different populations of observed exoplanets. They are also tightly linked to the planet's properties, in particular those of the interior. As such they offer…
Tianyang Lyu, Maxim D. Ballmer, Zhong-Hai Li, Man Hoi Lee + 3 more
The surface tectonic style of rocky planets controls interior evolution, geologic activity, dynamo action, atmospheric composition, and thus, habitability. In the solar system, Earth is unique in exhibiting plate tectonics, but it also displays a protracted history of diverse tectonic regimes. To understand the…
Marie-Luise Steinmeyer, Lena Noack, Philipp Baumeister, Keiko Hamano + 8 more
The atmospheric composition of rocky exoplanets offers an important tool for constraining the properties of the interior of this type of planet, beyond what is possible from measurements of their mass and radius alone. However, the interpretation of these observations requires an understanding of the complex interplay…
Harley Greene, Una Nattermann, Devon A. Stork, Fatima R. Martin + 12 more
Mars’ harsh yet workable surface conditions, such as manageable temperatures, availability of solar energy, and in situ resources like water ice, carbon dioxide, and mineral-rich regolith, make it a compelling target for supporting life beyond Earth. However, existing experiments testing chemical habitability in Mars…
Authors not listed
Considering the harsh surface conditions on Mars, terrestrial organisms that can survive and remain detectable after exposure to similar conditions provide invaluable models for guiding current and future search-for-life missions. To this end, we evaluated the extremophilic archaeon Acidianus manzaensis grown on…
Heidi S. Aronson, William D. Leavitt, Douglas E. LaRowe
Microbial metabolism relies on redox reactions that exploit chemical disequilibria. While aerobic carbon oxidation, carbon fixation, and fermentation are well studied, the broader space of anaerobic carbon redox reactions remains underexplored. In this study, carbon comproportionation, or reverse fermentation…
Authors not listed
The behavior of carbon in the range 1–100 GPa and 1–10 kK is central to problems in planetary interiors, inertial confinement fusion targets, and high-pressure synthesis of carbon-based materials, but experiments in this regime are diffcult and often provide only indirect constraints on phase behavior. As a result…