15 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Loïc Marrec, Claudia Bank, Thibault Bertrand
Population growth is a fundamental process in ecology, evolution, and epidemiology. The population size dynamics during growth are often described by deterministic equations derived from kinetic models. Here, we simulate several population growth models and compare the size averaged over many stochastic realizations…
Nabil T. Fadai, Stuart T. Johnston, Matthew J. Simpson
We present a solid theoretical foundation for interpreting the origin of Allee effects by providing the missing link in understanding how local individual-based mechanisms translate to global population dynamics. Allee effects were originally proposed to describe population dynamics that cannot be explained by…
Lars Witting
Ecological dynamics is increasingly explained by eco-evolutionary processes, with this study analysing natural selection effects on the population dynamics of birds and mammals. Fitting single-species population dynamic models to 3,369 and 483 timeseries for 900 species of birds and 208 mammals, I find selection-based…
Christopher Bystroff
Projections of future global human population are traditionally made using birth/death trend extrapolations, but these methods ignore limits. Expressing humanity as a K-selected species whose numbers are limited by the global carrying capacity produces a different outlook. Population data for the second millennium up…
Abdel Halloway, Margaret A. Malone, Joel S. Brown
Cooperation significantly impacts a species’ population dynamics as individuals choose others to associate with based upon fitness opportunities. Models of these dynamics typically assume that individuals can freely move between groups. Such an assumption works well for facultative co-operators (e.g. flocking birds…
Maria Paniw
With a growing number of long-term, individual-based data on natural populations available, it has become increasingly evident that environmental change affects populations through complex, simultaneously occurring demographic and evolutionary processes. Analyses of population-level responses to environmental change…
Weini Huang, Christoph Hauert, Arne Traulsen
Frequency dependent selection and demographic fluctuations play important roles in evolutionary and ecological processes. Under frequency dependent selection, the average fitness of the population may increase or decrease based on interactions between individuals within the population. This should be reflected in…
Daniel J. Balick
Natural populations are virtually never observed in equilibrium, yet equilibrium approximations comprise the majority of our understanding of population genetics. Using standard tools from statistical physics, a formalism is presented that re-expresses the stochastic equations describing allelic evolution as a…
Olcay Akman, Leon Arriola, Aditi Ghosh, Ryan Schroeder
Standard heuristic mathematical models of population dynamics are often constructed using ordinary differential equations (ODEs). These deterministic models yield pre-dictable results which allow researchers to make informed recommendations on public policy. A common immigration, natural death, and fission ODE model is…
Neha Pandey, Amitabh Joshi
Density-dependent selection, especially together with r-K trade-offs, has been one of the most plausible suggested mechanisms for the evolution of population stability. However, experimental support for this explanation has been both meagre and mixed. One study with Drosophila melanogaster yielded no evidence for…
Neha Pandey, Amitabh Joshi
Mechanisms through which population dynamics evolve to be stable have been a subject of considerable interest in population biology. One of the ways through which population stability is likely to evolve is via density-dependent selection with or without an r and K trade-off. In this paper, we test whether the specific…
C. Bonenfant, A. Rutschmann, J. Burton, R. Boyles + 3 more
Endangered species, despite often living at low population densities, may undergo unexpected density-dependent feedbacks in the case of successful recovery or marked reduction in range. Because density-dependence dynamics can increase risk of extinction, these effects can hamper conservation efforts. In this study, we…
Hal Caswell, Xi Song
Kinship models generally assume time-invariant demographic rates, and compute the kinship structures implied by those rates. It is important to compute the consequences of time variation in demographic rates for kinship stuctures. Our goal is to develop a matrix model for the dynamics of kinship networks subject to…
Yashraj D. Chavhan, Sayyad Irfan Ali, Sutirth Dey
Periodic bottlenecks in population sizes are common in natural (e.g., host-to-host transfer of pathogens) and laboratory populations of asexual microbes (e.g., experimental evolution) and play a major role in shaping the adaptive dynamics in such systems. Existing theory predicts that for any given bottleneck size…
Neha Pandey, Rishabh Malhotra, Amitabh Joshi
Since the realization in the 1970s that simple discrete-time population growth models can show complex unstable dynamics of population size, many explanations were proposed for the evolution of enhanced population stability. The most plausible of these was density-dependent selection, suggested to favour greater…