22 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Gijs van Tulder, Marco Loog
An interesting but not extensively studied question in active learning is that of sample reusability: to what extent can samples selected for one learner be reused by another? This paper explains why sample reusability is of practical interest, why reusability can be a problem, how reusability could be improved by…
Abhishek Sharma, Dániel Czégel, Michael Lachmann, Christopher P. Kempes + 2 more
'Christopher P. Kempes' 'Sara I. Walker' 'Leroy Cronin'] Scientists have grappled with reconciling biological evolution1,2 with the immutable laws of the Universe defined by physics. These laws underpin life’s origin, evolution and the development of human culture and technology, yet they do not predict the emergence…
Robin Wellmann
Background The purpose of a selection index is that its use to select animals for breeding maximizes the profit of a breed in future generations. The profit of a breed is in general a quantity that predicts the satisfaction of future owners with their breed, and the satisfaction of the consumers with the products that…
A. Carvajal-Rodríguez
Sexual selection plays a crucial role in modern evolutionary theory, offering valuable insight into evolutionary patterns and species diversity. Recently, a comprehensive definition of sexual selection has been proposed, defining it as any selection that arises from fitness differences associated with nonrandom success…
Sivan Kaminski Strauss, Gianni Liti, Orna Dahan, Yitzhak Pilpel
In evolutionary biology, sexual mating plays a pivotal role in facilitating the combination of beneficial alleles among individuals. Cross-species data suggest that organisms selectively choose mating partners based on factors such as genetic distance and partner fitness. Understanding the determinants of mate…
Yang Gao, Qishen Han, Lirong Xia
Shortlisting is the process of selecting a subset of alternatives from a larger pool for further consideration or final decision-making. It is widely applied in social choice and multi-agent system scenarios. The growing demand for participatory decision-making and the continuously expanding space of candidates create…
Ying Jin, Zhimei Ren
Coverage Authors: ['Ying Jin' 'Zhimei Ren'] Conformal prediction builds marginally valid prediction intervals that cover the unknown outcome of a randomly drawn new test point with a prescribed probability. However, a common scenario in practice is that, after seeing the data, practitioners decide which test unit(s) to…
Joseph Colantonio, Kelley Durkin, Leyla Roksan Caglar, Patrick Shafto + 1 more
'Patrick Shafto' 'Elizabeth Bonawitz'] There exists a rich literature describing how social context influences decision making. Here, we propose a novel framing of social influences, the Intentional Selection Assumption. This framework proposes that, when a person is presented with a set of options by another social…
Mark Mineev-Weinstein, Oleg Alekseev
We address pattern selection problems in nonlinear interface dynamics by maximizing the entropy of the most probable (classical) scenario associated with the processes. This variational principle we applied to well-known selection problems in a Hele-Shaw cell: stationary Saffman-Taylor finger in a channel [1] and…
Luis Sánchez-Fernández, Jesús Arias Fisteus, Rafael López-Zaragoza
We present a novel approach to the instance selection problem in machine learning (or data mining). Our approach is based on recent results on (proportional) representation in approval-based multi-winner elections. In our model, instances play a double role as voters and candidates. Each instance in the training set…
Alexandra Paul, Mario Falsaperna, Helen Lavender, Michelle Garrett + 1 more
The chemistry of aptamers is largely limited to natural nucleotides, and although modifications of nucleic acids can enhance target aptamer affinity, there has not been a technology for selecting the right modifications in the right locations because enzymatic amplification does not transmit sequence-specific…
Authors not listed
The identification of kinetically feasible reaction pathways that connect a reactant to its product, including numerous intermediates and transition states, is crucial for predicting chemical reactions and elucidating reaction mechanisms. However, as molecular systems become increasingly complex or larger, the number…
Y. Golov, O. Lavy, E. Halon, J. Rillich + 2 more
The antagonistic sexual coevolution of the sexes (i.e., sexual conflict) is a key theme in the study of the evolution of mating systems. Specifically, studying the modifications of sexual behavior in the context of ecological conditions is fundamental for understanding the formation of a sexual system. The extremely…
Joan Roughgarden
Darwin’s [The Descent of Man (2nd Edn.) (1871)] theory of sexual selection has been expanded into a system of interlocking hypotheses to explain many features of sexual reproduction. It focusses on mating success and relies on processes featuring bad genes, selfishness, competition, conflict, coercion, ownership and…
Mieke Donk, Elle van Heusden, Christian N. L. Olivers
saliency-driven but not relevance-driven visual selection Authors: ['Mieke Donk' 'Elle van Heusden' 'Christian N. L. Olivers'] Where we move our eyes during visual search is controlled by the relative saliency and relevance of stimuli in the visual field. However, the visual field is not homogeneous, as both sensory…
Sofia Schembari, Caitlin Miller, Su-Jen Roberts, Marina Cords + 1 more
'Melanie L. Graham'] Simple Summary Historically, researchers’ biases about male and female behavior have affected the study of mate choice (animals’ selective responses to certain sexual partners over others), and female mate choice has often been dismissed as unimportant. In this study, we investigated whether female…
Authors not listed
Quantities calculated from molecular simulations are often subject to an initial bias due to unrepresentative starting configurations. Initial data are usually discarded to reduce bias. Chodera's method for automated truncation point selection [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2016, 12, 4, 1799–1805] is popular but has not been…
Daniel S. King, Donald G. Truhlar, Laura Gagliardi
The selection of a good set of active orbitals for modeling strongly correlated quantum states is difficult to automate as it is highly dependent on the state and molecule of interest. As such, although many approaches have been proposed with some success, no single approach has worked in all cases. Here, we propose an…
António Gonçalves, Charel Reuland, Léa Daupagne, David Wheatcroft + 2 more
Male-male competition and female mate choice are often assumed to act in concert, with male social dominance serving as a reliable cue in female choice reflecting overall male quality. However, few studies have explicitly disentangled the effects of male competition and female mate choice, leaving gaps in our…
Authors not listed
Developing generalizable machine learning models with minimal data remains a central challenge in materials informatics. Effective models can significantly reduce costly computational simulations and time-intensive experimentation by providing reliable predictions of material properties. In this work, we investigate…
Shuwen Yue, Aditya Nandy, Heather Kulik
The design of ion-selective materials with improved separations efficacy and efficiency is paramount, as current technologies fail to meet real-world deployment challenges. In this study, we utilize a data-driven approach to investigate design features to enhance ion selectivity. We curate a dataset of 563 alkali metal…
Christina N Hodson, Robert Baird, Maddy Hodgemen, Shona Dury + 1 more
Mate quality and the cost of mating affect the evolution of mating preferences and is one reason females often show stronger mate preferences than males. Fungus gnats in the family Sciaridae (Diptera) are a family in which we might expect to see the evolution of strong male mate preferences. Many Sciaridae species are…