14 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Bin Yan, Feng Shi, Rui-qiang Yu
In order to seek a new method of book evaluation and realize book resources sharing among the regional university libraries, we think that library should collect books of the high utility value in the case of limited funds. We proposed a changing Bellman equation as a utility function and used the explicit functions of…
Konrad P Körding, Izumi Fukunaga, Ian S Howard, James N Ingram + 1 more
'Daniel M Wolpert'] Making choices is a fundamental aspect of human life. For over a century experimental economists have characterized the decisions people make based on the concept of a utility function. This function increases with increasing desirability of the outcome, and people are assumed to make decisions so…
William R. Stauffer, Armin Lak, Wolfram Schultz
Title: Summary Background Optimal choices require an accurate neuronal representation of economic value. In economics, utility functions are mathematical representations of subjective value that can be constructed from choices under risk. Utility usually exhibits a nonlinear relationship to physical reward value that…
Lukas D. Sauer, Alexander Ritz, Meinhard Kieser, Michael Brimacombe
Basket trial designs are a type of master protocol in which the same therapy is tested in several strata of the patient cohort. Many basket trial designs implement borrowing mechanisms. These allow sharing information between similar strata with the goal of increasing power in responsive strata while at the same time…
Philipe M. Bujold, Leo Chi U. Seak, Wolfram Schultz, Simone Ferrari-Toniolo
'Simone Ferrari-Toniolo'] Decisions can be risky or riskless, depending on the outcomes of the choice. Expected utility theory describes risky choices as a utility maximization process: we choose the option with the highest subjective value (utility), which we compute considering both the option’s value and its…
Sangil Lee, Chris M. Glaze, Eric T. Bradlow, Joseph W. Kable
In intertemporal and risky choice decisions, parametric utility models are widely used for predicting choice and measuring individuals’ impulsivity and risk aversion. However, parametric utility models cannot describe data deviating from their assumed functional form. We propose a novel method using cubic Bezier…
Jerry Chun-Wei Lin, Wensheng Gan, Tzung-Pei Hong, Binbin Zhang
Association-rule mining is commonly used to discover useful and meaningful patterns from a very large database. It only considers the occurrence frequencies of items to reveal the relationships among itemsets. Traditional association-rule mining is, however, not suitable in real-world applications since the purchased…
Arthur E. Attema, Han Bleichrodt, Olivier L'Haridon
In most medical decisions, probabilities are ambiguous and not objectively known. Empirical evidence suggests that people's preferences are affected by ambiguity. Health economic analyses generally ignore ambiguity preferences and assume that they are the same as preferences under risk. We show how health preferences…
Shinichi Noto, Takeru Shiroiwa, Makoto Kobayashi, Tatsunori Murata + 2 more
Background The Health Utilities Index Mark 3 (HUI3) is a generic multi-attribute, preference-based system for assessing health-related quality of life. It is widely used overseas as an outcome measure and for estimating quality-adjusted life years. We aimed to estimate a multi-attribute and eight single-attribute…
Christopher P. Chambers, Peng Liu, Ruodu Wang
In this paper, we establish a mathematical duality between utility transforms and probability distortions. These transforms play a central role in decision under risk by forming the foundation for the classic theories of expected utility, dual utility, and rank-dependent utility. Our main results establish that…
Loan T. T. Nguyen, Hoa Duong, An Mai, Bay Vo + 1 more
Privacy is as a critical issue in the age of data. Organizations and corporations who publicly share their data always have a major concern that their sensitive information may be leaked or extracted by rivals or attackers using data miners. High-utility itemset mining (HUIM) is an extension to frequent itemset mining…
Leslie A Lenert, Marcia FT Rupnow, Christine Elnitsky
Background Most tools for estimating utilities use clinical trial data from general health status models, such as the 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36). A disease-specific model may be more appropriate. The objective of this study was to apply a disease-specific utility mapping function for schizophrenia to data…
Reynir S. Atlason, Davide Giacalone
Objective The Kano model for user satisfaction is a popular survey-based method used by product designers to prioritize the inclusion and implementation of product features based on users’ requirements. Despite its overall simplicity, a current drawback of the Kano approach is that the data analysis and processing of…
Fadal Abdullah Ali Aldhufairi
A new framework for a family of LTED with a free baseline distribution provides efficiency to manage complex data. The induced model outperforms existing distribution models by better capturing data features such as heavy tails, skewness, and multimodality. The development is supported by a rigorous theoretical…