612.8
Neuroscience
Circuits, cognition and the brain in health and disease.
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neural circuits behavior
neurodegeneration mechanism
612.8
Circuits, cognition and the brain in health and disease.
Drawer contents
Filled from
Search threads
neural circuits behavior
neurodegeneration mechanism
Jalaja Madhusudhanan, Anton Parinov, Charles Fieseler, Manuel Zimmer
Behavior arises from the interplay between spontaneous brain dynamics and sensory-driven responses, yet how spontaneous neural activity shapes variability in decision-making remains unclear. We leverage the tractable C. elegans nervous system to address this question. During oxygen avoidance, we observe binary…
Amanda G. Iglesias, Jasmine K. Bhatti, Alexandra E. Turfe, Stephen Chang + 3 more
The paraventricular nucleus of the thalamus (PVT) has emerged as an important node in circuits regulating motivated behavior. The neuronal pathway from the lateral hypothalamus (LH) to the PVT has been shown to regulate arousal, feeding, and reward seeking. However, the involvement of the LH-PVT pathway in individual…
Henrique Reis Aguiar, Matthias H. Hennig
Predictive coding is a powerful normative framework for understanding cortical computation, but it is still an open question how biologically plausible networks with local plasticity support predictive inference and representation learning. In this work we show that a recurrent excitatory-inhibitory circuit with purely…
Zihao Zhang, Yutao Lu, Jiawei Yang, Meiren Li + 7 more
Cadmium (Cd) is a highly toxic, bioaccumulative heavy metal increasingly implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. This review systemically characterizes the molecular mechanisms underlying Cd-induced neurotoxicity, with particular emphasis on oxidative stress-mediated pathways that initiate…
Ioanna Pandi, Spyridon Chavlis, Hatem Oraby, Mostafa A. Nashaat + 3 more
Adaptive behavior requires updating responses when contingencies change while preserving prior associations and the capacity to learn a new. How this trade-off is resolved remains unknown. Here, we combined in vivo imaging of apical tuft spines in the secondary motor cortex (M2) with biologically constrained network…
Sharyn L. Rossi, Diane E. Bovenkamp
Alzheimer’s disease research is entering a period of rapid acceleration. After decades focused on identifying individual disease-associated proteins and pathways, the field is moving toward a deeper understanding of how these mechanisms interact to influence cellular function, biological systems, and ultimately…
Zsofia I. Laszlo, Anna Sanchez-Avila, Anna McFarlane, Dinja van der Hoorn + 5 more
Synaptic failure is considered an early driver of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), yet identifying the molecular events initiating synaptic decline remains challenging in end-stage human tissue. Here, we exploit the late involvement of the primary visual cortex (Brodmann Area 17 (BA17)) to investigate early…
Rosa Di Lorenzo, Rola S. Zeidan, Riccardo Calvani, Vito Pesce + 2 more
Quality control (QC) processes include a network of cellular pathways that prevent the accumulation of toxic aggregates by repairing, recycling, and/or eliminating defective components, including mitochondria. Among these pathways are the proteostasis network, which regulates the proteome, and mitochondrial quality…
A Kapasi, L Yu, SE Leurgans, EY Chen + 5 more
Accumulations of AD and LATE-NC both contribute to changes in hippocampal volume, possibly via distinct and/or overlapping mechanisms. Microglia-driven inflammation is a shared pathway associated with both AD and LATE-NC. However, the extent to which microglia inflammation is associated with hippocampal volume is less…
Aradhika Vijeev, Shaik Basha, Spandana S. Nadig, Kripa Agarwal + 3 more
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation (NBIA) comprises a genetically heterogeneous group of rare movement disorders characterized by progressive neurodegeneration and selective basal ganglia iron deposition. Recent discoveries have fundamentally reshaped the understanding of NBIA, indicating that defects in…
Bastijn J.G. van den Boom, Deeptirmayee Dash, Melanie Rutherford, Allison E. Girasole + 3 more
Recording and manipulating brain activity during behavior is critical to understanding the underlying mechanisms of decision-making. Linking neural activity to behavior requires behavioral hardware and software tightly integrated with recording and perturbation systems on a shared clock. We built SPOUT (State-machine…
Tianjiao Li, Qian Zhang, Yichen Wu, Ruixue Huang
Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) are marked by selective neuronal vulnerability and progressive failure of neural circuits. Increasing evidence indicates that neuronal loss is not driven by a single terminal event, but emerges from interacting regulated cell death (RCD) programs. These programs are closely coupled to…
Chloé L. Le Moing, Anna M. Bowman, Milana Krush, Joseph Gordon + 2 more
Behavioral flexibility is crucial to animal survival in dynamic environments, and a failure to update actions in response to recent outcomes is a hallmark of many neuropsychiatric disorders. However, the cellular and circuit mechanisms in the brain that support behavioral flexibility remain poorly understood. Forms of…
Ziyan Xie, Musashi Yamakawa, Tasuku Kayama, Takuya Sasaki + 1 more
Interoceptive signals reflecting internal bodily states influence emotional processing. The paraventricular thalamus (PVT) constitutes a key node within the interoceptive network, monitoring circulating humoral factors in the ventricles, and is thus considered to link interoceptive signals to emotion-related behaviors.…
Shreyangi Chakraborty, Silvia Poggini, Naomi Ciano Albanese, Michaela Rusková + 14 more
Microtubules are essential for neuronal functions and are involved in many neurodegenerative disorders. A posttranslational modification (PTM) of neuronal microtubules, polyglutamylation, was shown to control cargo transport and induce early-onset neurodegeneration when excessively accumulated. To determine the…
Naosuke Hoshina, Joshua M. Boeckers, Erin M. Johnson-Venkatesh, Miyuki Hoshina + 8 more
The basal ganglia (BG) contain multiple parallel neural circuits, each of which may control different behaviors. However, how the distinct parallel BG circuits are molecularly organized is not known. Here, we show that two δ2-protocadherins (PCDHs), PCDH17 and PCDH10, which are homophilic cell adhesion molecules…
Núria Peñuelas, Helena Xicoy, Marina Lorente-Picón, Alba Nicolau-Vera + 4 more
Neuromelanin (NM) is a pigment that progressively accumulates with age in catecholaminergic neurons, particularly in the substantia nigra, ventral tegmental area, and locus coeruleus. These neuronal populations are especially vulnerable to degeneration in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Elevated intracellular NM levels have…
Yicong Huang, Ali Shamsnia, Mengze Chen, Shuang Wu + 3 more
Ramping neural activity is widely interpreted as a signature of predictive processing, but whether these signals truly reflect predictions or instead emerge from sensory mechanisms remains unclear. To address this question, we used two-photon calcium imaging across multiple cell types in visual and parietal cortex…
Yan Deng, Daniel Kristanto
Dual-task paradigms are widely used to detect age-related cognitive and motor decline. Conventional evaluations typically average performance across an entire dual-task condition and compare it with a single-task baseline, implicitly treating performance as stable throughout testing. We challenged this assumption by…
Panagiotis Parthenios Sakagiannis, Anna-Maria Jürgensen, Martin Paul Nawrot, Albert Cardona + 1 more
The Drosophila larva is extensively used as a model organism in neuroethological studies where precise behavioral tracking enables the statistical analysis of individual and population-level behavioral metrics that can inform mathematical models of larval behavior. Here, we propose a hierarchical model architecture…
Antoine Prunier, Lewis M. Sherer, Mariana Da Silva, Samantha Chong + 4 more
Aggression is an evolutionarily conserved behavior essential for survival and reproduction, yet escalation to high-intensity forms entails substantial metabolic costs and injury risks, necessitating precise neural control. Using Drosophila melanogaster, we uncovered a multilayered inhibitory circuit that constrains…
Zhengguang Zhu, Nicholas Schaffer, Xiao Yang
Neuromorphic devices are bioinspired electronic systems that mimic key structures and functions of the nervous system, enabling integration and communication between living tissues and machines. This review examines how neuromorphic devices and computing are designed to emulate the structure, organization, and function…
Nadine A van de Zande, Charlotte C C Ruiter, Myrthe A Polman, Steffanie C M Brama + 3 more
Neuroinflammation is increasingly recognized as a key pathological process in neurodegenerative disease and can be monitored using biofluid biomarkers. Objective biomarkers may aid diagnosis, prognosis and progression. We conducted a scoping review of neuroinflammation biomarkers across major neurodegenerative diseases…