16 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Charles Kazilek
Puzzling questions about science spur millions to the virtual doorstep of Ask A Biologist, an educational website that proves knowledge-building is a growth industry.
Michelle Wong, Koeun Choi, Libby Barak, Elizabeth Lapidow + 4 more
Question asking is a prevalent aspect of children’s speech, providing a means by which young learners can rapidly gain information about the world. Previous research has demonstrated that children exhibit sensitivity to the knowledge state of potential informants in laboratory settings. However, it remains unclear…
Ishan Misra, Ross Girshick, Rob Fergus, Martial Hebert + 2 more
'Abhinav Gupta' 'Laurens van der Maaten'] We introduce an interactive learning framework for the development and testing of intelligent visual systems, called learning-by-asking (LBA). We explore LBA in context of the Visual Question Answering (VQA) task. LBA differs from standard VQA training in that most questions…
Azzurra Ruggeri, Caren M. Walker, Tania Lombrozo, Alison Gopnik
In this paper, we investigate the informativeness of 4- to 6-year-old (N = 125) children’s questions using a combined qualitative and quantitative approach. Children were presented with a hierarchical version of the 20-questions game, in which they were given an array of objects that could be organized into three…
Emma Lazaroff, Haley A. Vlach
Children ask many questions, but do not always receive answers to the questions they ask. We were interested in whether the act of generating questions, in the absence of an answer, is related to children’s later thinking. Two experiments examined whether children retain the questions they ask in working memory, and…
Kristjan Arumae, Guo-Jun Qi, Fei Liu
Asking effective questions is a powerful social skill. In this paper we seek to build computational models that learn to discriminate effective questions from ineffective ones. Armed with such a capability, future advanced systems can evaluate the quality of questions and provide suggestions for effective question…
Sarah J. Trevelyan, Jodi L. Brewster, Abigail E. Burgess, Jennifer M. Crowther + 6 more
Apoptosis signal-regulating kinases (ASK1–3) are activators of the P38 and JNK MAP kinase pathways. ASK1–3 form oligomeric complexes known as ASK signalosomes that initiate signalling cascades in response to diverse stress stimuli. Here we demonstrate that oligomerization of ASK proteins is driven by previously…
Xiangyu Zhou, Kengo Watanabe, Kazuhiro Morishita, Jun Hamazaki + 3 more
The proteasome has an essential role in proteostasis maintenance and is critical for cell survival under proteotoxic conditions including hyperosmotic stress. However, it is unknown how proteasome activity is linked to cell survival/death under hyperosmotic stress. We have previously reported that apoptosis…
Lisa Voelker, Bishal Upadhyaya, Denise M. Ferkey, Sarah Woldemariam + 3 more
In order to respond to changing environments and fluctuations in internal states, animals adjust their behavior through diverse neuromodulatory mechanisms. In this study we show that electrical synapses between the ASH primary quinine-detecting sensory neurons and the neighboring ASK neurons are required for modulating…
Jianwei Yang, Jiasen Lu, Stefan Lee, Dhruv Batra + 1 more
In an open-world setting, it is inevitable that an intelligent agent (e.g., a robot) will encounter visual objects, attributes or relationships it does not recognize. In this work, we develop an agent empowered with visual curiosity, i.e. the ability to ask questions to an Oracle (e.g., human) about the contents in…
Azzurra Ruggeri, Markus A. Feufel
The ability to categorize information is essential to everyday tasks such as identifying the cause of an event given a set of likely explanations or pinpointing the correct from a set of possible diagnoses by sequentially probing questions. In three studies, we investigated how the level of inclusiveness at which…
Ricardo Nocera Pires
Question Answering (QA) is not a new research field in Natural Language Processing (NLP). However in recent years, QA has been a subject of growing study. Nowadays, most of the QA systems have a similar pipelined architecture and each system use a set of unique techniques to accomplish its state of the art results.…
Junhanlu Zhang, Rachel Torchet, Hanna Julienne
Success in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) is still profoundly influenced by factors other than merit such as race, gender, and socioeconomic status. Additionally to unfairness, scientific biases arise from the lack of diversity in the academic world. In this context, quantifying and providing means…
Jerry Wei, C. F. Huang, Soroush Vosoughi, Jason Wei
We present COVID-Q, a set of 1,690 questions about COVID-19 from 13 sources, which we annotate into 15 question categories and 207 question clusters. The most common questions in our dataset asked about transmission, prevention, and societal effects of COVID, and we found that many questions that appeared in multiple…
Kazuki Hattori, Hiroaki Wakatsuki, Chihiro Sakauchi, Shotaro Furutani + 3 more
Boosting energy expenditure by harnessing the activity of brown adipocytes is a promising strategy for combatting the global epidemic of obesity. Many studies have revealed that the β_3_-adrenergic receptor agonist is a potent activator of brown adipocytes, even in humans, and PKA and p38 MAPK have been demonstrated…
David P. Azari, Eric Horvitz, Susan Dumais, Eric Brill
We investigate the use of probabilistic models and cost-benefit analyses to guide the operation of a Web-based question-answering system. We first provide an overview of research on questionanswering systems. Then, we present details about AskMSR, a prototype question-answering system that synthesizes answers from the…