16 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Charles I. Abramson
This article offers some personal reflections on the difficulty of teaching the behaviorist perspective in the psychology classroom. The problems focus on the inadequacy of introductory textbooks-which mischaracterize behaviorism, only present the most extreme behaviorist positions, make no mention of the…
Geir Overskeid
By way of operant conditioning, human behavior is continuously shaped and maintained by its consequences - and understanding this process is important to most fields of psychology and neuroscience. The role of the learning organism’s environment has long been contentious, however. Much relevant research is being done…
Adam Calhoun, Ahmed El Hady
Studying ‘behavior’ lies at the heart of many disciplines. Nevertheless, academics rarely provide an explicit definition of what ‘behavior’ actually is. What range of definitions do people use, and how does that vary across disciplines? To answer these questions we have developed a survey to probe what constitutes…
Daniel W. Chaney
Use of the terms cognition and behavior and their variants can be traced back to the middle-ages. What is not widely known is how the terms were first used in the literature. This article identifies variations of terms for cognition and behavior and traces the first use of the terms using the Oxford English Dictionary…
Marino Pérez-Álvarez
The turn of qualitative inquiry suggests a more open, plural conception of psychology than just the science of the mind and behavior as it is most commonly defined. Historical, ontological and epistemological binding of this conception of psychology to the positivist method of natural science may have exhausted its…
Alex Gomez-Marin, Joseph J. Paton, Adam R. Kampff, Rui M. Costa + 1 more
Behavior is a unifying organismal process where genes, neural function, anatomy and environment converge and interrelate. Here we review the current state and discuss the future impact of accelerating advances in technology for behavioral studies, focusing on rodents as an exemplar. We frame our perspective in three…
Victoria Burney, Ebonee Hodder, Clare M. McCann, Sehar Moughal
The convergence of many shifts within and outside the field of behavior analysis have led to an important conclusion: now more than ever before, qualitative behavior analysis as a distinct branch of behaviorism is warranted, useful, and necessary. This article explores what qualitative behavior analysis could be, and…
Yaneer Bar‐Yam
It is widely believed that theory is useful in physics because it describes simple systems and that strictly empirical phenomenological approaches are necessary for complex biological and social systems. Here we prove based upon an analysis of the information that can be obtained from experimental observations that…
Bjöern Brembs
In contrast to the long-held assumption that the organization of behavior is best characterized as the perception of a sensory stimulus followed by appropriate response (i.e., “sensorimotor hypothesis”), recent converging evidence from multiple systems and fields of study instead suggests that both ancestral and extant…
Santiago Herce Castañon, Christopher R. Stephens
Predicting and understanding behaviour is a primary objective of many disciplines, especially human behaviour, as it is the cause of many of the world’s most pressing problems. Although it is a fundamental concept in multiple disciplines, there is no agreed operational definition of what it is. Neither is there a…
Longbing Cao
The in-depth analysis of human behavior has been increasingly recognized as a crucial means for disclosing interior driving forces, causes and impact on businesses in handling many challenging issues such as behavior modeling and analysis in virtual organizations, web community analysis, counter-terrorism and stopping…
Susana Ramírez-Vizcaya, Tom Froese
Habits are the topic of a venerable history of research that extends back to antiquity, yet they were originally disregarded by the cognitive sciences. They started to become the focus of interdisciplinary research in the 1990s, but since then there has been a stalemate between those who approach habits as a kind of…
Matthias Borgstede, Patrick Anselme
We present a new methodology to partition different sources of behavior change within a selectionist framework based on the Price equation – the Multilevel Model of Behavioral Selection (MLBS). The MLBS provides a theoretical background to describe behavior change in terms of operant selection. Operant selection is…
Vicente Raja, Matthieu M. de Wit
In the ecological approach to perception and action, information that specifies affordances is available in the energy arrays surrounding organisms, and this information is detected by organisms in order to perceptually guide their actions. At the behavioral scale, organisms responding to affordances are understood as…
Paulo Sérgio Panse Silveira, José de Oliveira Siqueira, João Lucas Bernardy, Jéssica Santiago + 3 more
of simple reinforcement schedules Authors: ['Paulo Sérgio Panse Silveira' 'José de Oliveira Siqueira' 'João Lucas Bernardy' 'Jéssica Santiago' 'Thiago Cersosimo Meneses' 'Bianca Sanches Portela' 'Marcelo Frota Lobato Benvenuti'] 1Department of Pathology, Medical School, University of Sao Paulo, S˜ao Paulo, SP, Brazil…
Cailin O’Connor
Why are we good? Why are we bad? Questions regarding the evolution of morality have spurred an astoundingly large interdisciplinary literature. Some significant subset of this body of work addresses questions regarding our moral psychology: how did humans evolve the psychological properties which underpin our systems…