16 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Salim S. Abdool Karim, Cheryl Baxter
The CAPRISA 004 trial was unique in several ways. Firstly, it was the first effectiveness study of an antiretroviral drug formulated as a vaginal gel for prevention of HIV. Secondly, it was also the first microbicide trial where the consortium of partners was led by a developing country institution-the Centre for the…
Leila E Mansoor, Nonhlanhla Yende‐Zuma, Cheryl Baxter, Kathryn T Mngadi + 6 more
2.1### Trial design The CAPRISA 008 trial, a two-arm, open-label, randomized controlled, non-inferiority trial, was conducted between 2012 and 2015 at the urban and rural CAPRISA trial clinics and their neighbouring FP service clinics located in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. The trial design, including eligibility…
Marijn de Bruin, Wolfgang Viechtbauer, Ravi Jhaveri
Background Recently promising trials of innovative biomedical approaches to prevent HIV transmission have been reported. Participants' non-adherence to the prevention methods complicates the analyses and interpretation of trial results. The influence of variable sexual behaviors within and between participants of…
Constantinos Kurt Wibmer, Jinal N. Bhiman, Elin S. Gray, Nancy Tumba + 5 more
Identifying the targets of broadly neutralizing antibodies to HIV-1 and understanding how these antibodies develop remain important goals in the quest to rationally develop an HIV-1 vaccine. We previously identified a participant in the CAPRISA Acute Infection Cohort (CAP257) whose plasma neutralized 84% of…
Leila E Mansoor, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Kathryn T Mngadi, Sarah Dlamini + 10 more
'Sarah Dlamini' 'Carl Montague' 'Nelisiwe Nkomonde' 'Nomzamo Mvandaba' 'Cheryl Baxter' 'Tanuja N Gengiah' 'Natasha Samsunder' 'Halima Dawood' 'Anneke Grobler' 'Janet A Frohlich' 'Salim S Abdool Karim'] Background The Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA) 004 trial demonstrated a 39%…
Tanuja N. Gengiah, Lara Lewis, Ishana Harkoo, Nqobile Myeni + 3 more
2.1### Study Participants and Design The CAPRISA 018 Phase I trial enrolled across two groups. Group 1 (n = 6) received a single 110 mg TAF implant for 28 days, which was removed at day 28, with study exit at week 8. Group 2 (n = 30) participants were randomized to receive one or two implants in a 4:1 active-to-placebo…
Lynn Tyers, Matthew Moeser, Jean Ntuli, Olivia Council + 13 more
HIV-1 persists as a latent reservoir during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Viral rebound occurs upon ART interruption, posing a challenge to cure efforts. Characterizing viral populations fuelling rebound is imperative to curing HIV-1. We used longitudinal samples collected pretherapy from women in the…
Kathleen M. MacQueen, Sarah Dlamini, Brian Perry, Eunice Okumu + 9 more
'Steve Sortijas' 'Chitra Singh' 'Diantha Pillay' 'Alesha Majors' 'Sonja Jerome' 'Sharon Watson' 'Salim Abdool Karim' 'Quarraisha Abdool Karim' 'Leila E. Mansoor'] CAPRISA 008, an open-label extension study of tenofovir gel with coitally-related dosing, provided an opportunity to explore the relationship between product…
Maria C. Hesselman, Marius Zeeb, Peter Rusert, Chloé Pasin + 33 more
The identification of HIV-1 Envelope glycoprotein (Env) traits associated with development of neutralization cross-reactivity in natural infection is critical for vaccine design. Here we describe the presence of additional Cysteine (Cys) residues in V1 that are enriched among people with elite neutralization breadth.…
Takumi Otagaki, Hiroaki Hosokawa, Tsukasa Fukunaga, Junichi Iwakiri + 2 more
RNA molecules adopt dynamic ensembles of secondary structures, where the local structural context of each nucleotide–such as whether it resides in a stem or a specific type of loop–strongly shapes molecular interactions and regulatory function. Structural-context probabilities therefore provide a more functionally…
Jason Zhijingcheng Yu, Conrad Watt, Aditya Badole, Trevor E. Carlson + 1 more
'Prateek Saxena'] Capability-based memory isolation is a promising new architectural primitive. Software can access low-level memory only via capability handles rather than raw pointers, which provides a natural interface to enforce security restrictions. Existing architectural capability designs such as CHERI provide…
Léonard Bezinge, Jake M. Lesinski, Akkapol Suea-Ngam, Daniel A. Richards + 2 more
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (uPADs) are indispensable tools for disease diagnostics. The integration of electronic components into uPADs enables new device functionalities and facilitates the development of complex quantitative assays. Unfortunately, current electrode fabrication methods often hinder…
Authors not listed
Recent developments in RNA vaccines and therapeutics have motivated the need for process engineering strategies to optimize the in vitro transcription (IVT) reaction for RNA synthesis. Specifically, practitioners seek to maximize the production of RNA and the incorporation of the 5-prime cap to the end of each RNA…
Xu, Yichen, Bračevac, Oliver + 4 more
Capturing types in Scala unify static effect and resource tracking with object capabilities, enabling lightweight effect polymorphism with minimal notational overhead. However, their expressiveness has been insufficient for tracking capabilities embedded in generic data structures, preventing them from scaling to the…
Yichen Xu, Oliver Bračevac, Cao Nguyen Pham, Yaoyu Zhao + 1 more
Substructural type systems give strong static control over aliasing. Examples include uniqueness, separation, and borrowing. How can such control be brought to established languages whose programming models rely on higher-order abstraction, unrestricted aliasing, and pervasive sharing? We study this problem in the…
Autumn T. LaPointe, Joaquín Moreno-Contreras, Kevin J. Sokoloski
Alphaviruses are arthropod-borne RNA viruses that are capable of causing severe disease and are a significant burden to public health. Alphaviral replication results in the production of both capped and noncapped viral genomic RNAs, which are packaged into virions during the infections of vertebrate and invertebrate…