18 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Sabine Prezenski, André Brechmann, Susann Wolff, Nele Russwinkel
Decision-making is a high-level cognitive process based on cognitive processes like perception, attention, and memory. Real-life situations require series of decisions to be made, with each decision depending on previous feedback from a potentially changing environment. To gain a better understanding of the underlying…
Tim Schürmann, Philipp Beckerle
Cognitive modeling of human behavior has advanced the understanding of underlying processes in several domains of psychology and cognitive science. In this article, we outline how we expect cognitive modeling to improve comprehension of individual cognitive processes in human-agent interaction and, particularly…
Gidon T. Frischkorn, Anna-Lena Schubert
Mathematical models of cognition measure individual differences in cognitive processes, such as processing speed, working memory capacity, and executive functions, that may underlie general intelligence. As such, cognitive models allow identifying associations between specific cognitive processes and tracking the…
Christian Lebiere, Peter Pirolli, Matthew Johnson, Michael Martin + 1 more
'Donald Morrison'] Title: Abstract Some of the required characteristics for a true machine theory of mind (MToM) include the ability to (1) reproduce the full diversity of human thought and behavior, (2) develop a personalized model of an individual with very limited data, and (3) provide an explanation for behavioral…
Nikolaus Kriegeskorte, Pamela K. Douglas
To learn how cognition is implemented in the brain, we must build computational models that can perform cognitive tasks, and test such models with brain and behavioral experiments. Cognitive science has developed computational models of human cognition, decomposing task performance into computational components.…
Woo-Young Ahn, Nathaniel Haines, Lei Zhang
Reinforcement learning and decision-making (RLDM) provide a quantitative framework, which allows us to specify psychiatric conditions with basic dimensions of neurocognitive functioning. RLDM offer a novel approach to assess and potentially diagnose psychiatric patients, and there is growing enthusiasm on RLDM and…
Maria Morão Patrício, Anahita Jamshidnejad
Socially assistive robots provide physical and mental assistance for humans via cognitive human-machine interactions. These robots should sustain long-term engaging interactions with humans in a similar way humans interact with each other. According to the theory of mind, in their interactions humans develop cognitive…
Inês Hipólito
This paper proposes an account of neurocognitive activity without leveraging the notion of neural representation. Neural representation is a concept that results from assuming that the properties of the models used in computational cognitive neuroscience (e.g., information, representation, etc.) must literally exist…
Brendan Conway-Smith, Robert L. West
Attempts to import dual-system descriptions of System-1 and System-2 into AI have been hindered by a lack of clarity over their distinction. We address this and other issues by situating System-1 and System-2 within the Common Model of Cognition. Results show that what are thought to be distinctive characteristics of…
Kendrick N. Kay, Kevin S. Weiner
The goal of cognitive neuroscience is to understand how mental operations are performed by the brain. Given the complexity of the brain, this is a challenging endeavor that requires the development of formal models. Here, we provide a perspective on models of neural information processing in cognitive neuroscience. We…
Fahd Yazin, Gargi Majumdar, Neil Bramley, Paul Hoffman
Reliance on internal predictive models of the world is central to many theories of human cognition. Yet it is unknown whether humans acquired multiple separate internal models, each evolved for a specific domain, or maintain a globally unified representation. Using fMRI during naturalistic experiences (movie watching…
Ben Goertzel
"Cognitive synergy" refers to a dynamic in which multiple cognitive processes, cooperating to control the same cognitive system, assist each other in overcoming bottlenecks encountered during their internal processing. Cognitive synergy has been posited as a key feature of real-world general intelligence, and has been…
Balázs Török, Dávid G. Nagy, Mariann M. Kiss, Karolina Janacsek + 2 more
Internal models capture the regularities of the environment and are central to understanding how humans adapt to environmental statistics. In general, the correct internal model is unknown to observers, instead approximate and transient ones are recruited. However, experimenters assume an ideal observer model, which…
Alexandru I. Tiba
Cognitive Behavior Therapies (CBTs) are the gold standard therapies for emotional disorders (David et al., ). How cognition is structured and restructured is central to many CBTs. Based on the mainstream cognitive science model, many influential CBT forms such as cognitive therapy and rational emotive behavior therapy…
Sangeet S. Khemlani, Aron K. Barbey, Philip N. Johnson-Laird
This paper outlines the model-based theory of causal reasoning. It postulates that the core meanings of causal assertions are deterministic and refer to temporally-ordered sets of possibilities: A causes B to occur means that given A, B occurs, whereas A enables B to occur means that given A, it is possible for B to…
Charles D. Kopec, Thomas Zhihao Luo, Adrian G. Bondy, Diksha Gupta + 11 more
A common approach in the study of cognition is to train subjects to perform a task that requires a particular cognitive process to solve. Analysis of the subjects’ response behavior while they perform these tasks can offer valuable insight into the underlying mechanisms that give rise to cognition. However, if subjects…
Authors not listed
Step-by-step thinking is essential in all domains of chemical sciences and engineering. While machine learning tools are broadly used, algorithms that automate reasoning are far less common. We elaborate on seven categories of human reasoning activities and connect each to applications in chemical science and…
Authors not listed
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive cognitive decline and widespread neurovascular disturbances. Traditional fMRI provides valuable spatial maps of blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) changes but often lacks the capacity to quantify the interplay of cerebral blood flow…