23 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Sofia J. van Moorsel, Terhi Hahl, Cameron Wagg, Gerlinde B. De Deyn + 3 more
Species extinctions from local communities can negatively affect ecosystem functioning. Ecological mechanisms underlying these impacts are well studied but the role of evolutionary processes is rarely assessed. Using a long-term field experiment, we tested whether natural selection in plant communities increased the…
Hee-Jung Jun, Seoyeon Park
This study examines the effect of cross-level interaction between community physical environment and social capital among individuals on physical activity by considering gender difference. In this regard, we ask two research questions: (1) What is the effect of cross-level interaction between community factors and…
Alexander Muacevic, John R Adler, Prashant Vinayakrao Solanke, PM Shilpa + 4 more
Community-based preventive health interventions have emerged as central strategies for improving population health and reducing preventable morbidity and mortality across diverse communities. These approaches extend beyond clinical care and incorporate behavioral, environmental, social, and structural components…
Chi Zhang, Jennifer Ahern, Mark J. van der Laan
With an increasing need to evaluate the effectiveness of the choice of intervention assigned at the community level in practice, we study the framework for target maximum likelihood estimation and statistical inference for the causal effects of community-level treatments on a community-level outcome defined as the…
Michele A Kelley, William Baldyga, Fabiola Barajas, Maria Rodriguez-Sanchez
'Maria Rodriguez-Sanchez'] Background Community health interventions are increasingly employing partnerships combined with multilevel intervention models to achieve their objectives. Resources and methods for project evaluation are often limited to changes in population health status or health behaviors, while broader…
Keven D. Dooley, Joy Bergelson
Pairwise interactions are often used to predict features of complex microbial communities due to the challenge of measuring multi-species interactions in high dimensional contexts. This assumes that interactions are unaffected by community context. Here, we used synthetic bacterial communities to investigate that…
Sali Hafez, Sharif A. Ismail, Zandile Zibwowa, Nadin Alhamshary + 5 more
'Reem Elsayed' 'Mandeep Dhaliwal' 'Fiona Samuels' 'Ade Fakoya' 'Sachin Atre'] Community action is broadly recognised as central to comprehensive and effective system responses to pandemics. However, there is uncertainty about how and where communities can be best supported to bolster long-term resilience and…
David Freedman, George W. Woods
This paper briefly reviews the social science on “neighborhood effects” as an independent force in shaping poor outcomes, specifically mental illness and criminal behavior, before discussing the implications of that research for understanding the relationship between neighborhoods, race and class. Neighborhood effects…
Benno I. Simmons, Hannah S. Wauchope, Tatsuya Amano, Lynn V. Dicks + 2 more
Species are central to ecology and conservation. However, it is the interactions between species that generate the functions on which ecosystems and humans depend. Despite the importance of interactions, we lack an understanding of the risk that their loss poses to ecological communities. Here, we quantify risk as a…
Kemp, Jordan T, Fürsich, Laura + 2 more
Jordan T. Kemp1,2,3 ∗ , Laura F¨ursich4, 5 and Lu´ıs M. A. Bettencourt3, 6 1 Institute for New Economic Thinking at the Martin School, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3UQ, UK 2 School of Geography and the Environment, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QY, UK 3 University of Chicago, Department of Ecology and…
Wanyun Shao, Maaz Gardezi, Siyuan Xian
Communities' risk perceptions can influence their abilities to cope with coastal hazards such as hurricanes and coastal flooding. Our study presents an initial effort to examine the relationship between community resilience and risk perception at the county level, through innovative construction of aggregate variables.…
Junwei Ma, Russell Blessing, Samuel D. Brody, Ali Mostafavi
Community Recovery: Insights from High-resolution Flood Claim and Mobility Data Authors: ['Junwei Ma' 'Russell Blessing' 'Samuel D. Brody' 'Ali Mostafavi'] Examining the relationship between vulnerability of the built environment and community recovery is crucial for understanding disaster resilience. Yet, this…
Liqin Zhang, Lin Wu, Xudong Huang
Depression has become a major social issue of global concern, which has seriously threatened the quality of an individual’s life. Although the relationship between community environment and depression has aroused heated debate, the empirical research on the relationship between community environment perception and…
Camille Saade, Sonia Kéfi, Claire Gougat-Barbera, Benjamin Rosenbaum + 1 more
Human activities lead more and more to the disturbance of plant and animal communities with local extinctions as a consequence. While these negative effects are clearly visible at a local scale, it is less clear how such local patch extinctions affect regional processes, such as metacommunity dynamics and the…
Authors not listed
Tools quantifying co-pollutant and public health benefits of decarbonization policies typically have coarse resolution, limiting understanding of local impacts and underestimating benefits. We present the New York Community-Scale Health and Air Pollution Policy Analysis tool, a new high resolution modeling framework to…
Stefan Nickel, Olaf von dem Knesebeck
Background Previous systematic reviews of the impact of multi-component community-based health promotion interventions on reducing health inequalities by socio-economic status (SES) were restricted to physical activity and smoking behavior, and revealed limited and rather disillusioning evidence. Therefore, we…
Leo Ohyama, Juan D. Bogota-Gregory, David G. Jenkins
Three fundamental and inter-related concepts have accrued debates: ecological communities, beta diversity (β), and spatial scale. Spatial scaling of β informs the community concept because the scale of maximal β corresponds to the most apparent size of an ecological community (without invoking external features of…
Sarah Chambliss, Carlos Pinon, Kyle Messier, Brian LaFranchi + 5 more
Disparity in air pollution exposure arises from variation at multiple spatial scales: along urbanto-rural gradients, between individual cities within a metropolitan region, within individual neighborhoods, and between city blocks. Here, we improve on existing capabilities to systematically compare urban variation at…
Matt Clark, Haji Masoud Hamad, Jeffrey Andrews, Vicken Hillis + 1 more
Approximately two billion people — a quarter of the earth’s population — directly harvest forest products to meet their daily needs. These individuals disproportionately experience the impacts of increasing climatic variability and global biodiversity loss, and must disproportionately alter their behaviors in response…
Abbas Ganji, Negin Alimohammadi, Scott B. Miles
The importance of community resilience has become increasingly recognized in emergency management and post-disaster community well-being. To this end, three seismic resilience planning initiatives have been conducted in the U.S. in the last decade to envision the current state of community resilience. Experts who…
Anna Matuszyńska, Oliver Ebenhöh, Matias D. Zurbriggen, Daniel C. Ducat + 1 more
Synthetic biology designs and constructs new biological parts, devices and systems with predetermined functionalities. With the unlimited ability to synthesise any DNA and RNA and transfer it to almost any organism, we are at the dawn of a new era in which biology is being recreated in ways never before possible. It…
Authors not listed
People of color in the United States are disproportionately and unfairly exposed to air pollution. Equity-oriented scientific evaluations quantifying these disparities often use population-average exposure metrics to capture the overall inequality within a system. Utilizing these metrics involves choices about the…
Lucia J. Tarimo, Deogratius R. Kavishe, Fidelma Butler, Gerry F. Killeen + 1 more
In Tanzania, Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs) are established on village lands, usually adjacent to centrally managed core protected areas like national parks and game reserves, and managed in a devolved manner by local village authorities. WMAs are intended to conserve wildlife outside such core protected areas, while…