23 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
José Carlos Vázquez-Parra, Marco Cruz-Sandoval, Paloma Suárez-Brito
Complex thinking is a cognitive skill that focuses on the integrated analysis and synthesis of information with a systemic and critical perspective that enables creative decision-making in the face of complex realities or challenges. At the educational level, it is valued as a transdisciplinary competency, meaning it…
Jose Jaime Baena-Rojas, María Soledad Ramírez-Montoya, Diego Mauricio Mazo-Cuervo, Edgar Omar López-Caudana
'Diego Mauricio Mazo-Cuervo' 'Edgar Omar López-Caudana'] The purpose of this research is to contextualize the behavior of publications on complex thinking in education. A total of 428 documents compiled in Scopus from 1937 to 2022 were analyzed with a bibliometric study considering criteria such as “complex thinking”…
Gerardo Ibarra-Vazquez, María Soledad Ramírez-Montoya, Hugo Terashima
'Hugo Terashima'] This article aims to study machine learning models to determine their performance in classifying students by gender based on their perception of complex thinking competency. Data were collected from a convenience sample of 605 students from a private university in Mexico with the eComplexity…
Alice Chirico, Andrea Gaggioli
Complexity has been always a part of an individual's life under different guises. However, it has always been hard to provide a clear definition of what complexity really is. For instance, in the field of science, complexity has been defined in terms of systems [vol. 284, Issue 5411, pp. 1-212]. A system can be deemed…
Juan Pablo Franco, Peter Bossaerts, Carsten Murawski
Many everyday tasks require people to solve computationally complex problems. However, little is known about the effects of computational hardness on the neural processes associated with solving such problems. Here, we draw on computational complexity theory to address this issue. We performed an experiment in which…
Yuchen Yan, Yongliang Shen, Yang Liu, Jin Jiang + 3 more
'Jian Shao' 'Yueting Zhuang'] Advanced reasoning in large language models has achieved remarkable performance on challenging tasks, but the prevailing long-context reasoning paradigm faces critical limitations: quadratic computational scaling with sequence length, reasoning constrained by maximum context boundaries…
Wei Li, Yanbin Wei, Qiushi Huang, Jiangyue Yan + 3 more
Modern large language models (LLMs) often struggle to dynamically adapt their reasoning depth to varying task complexities, leading to suboptimal performance or inefficient resource utilization. To address this, we introduce DynamicMind, a novel tri-mode thinking system. DynamicMind empowers LLMs to autonomously select…
Stefan Dernbach, Alexandra Michel, Khushbu Agarwal, Christopher Brissette + 2 more
Uncertain Emerging Events Authors: ['Stefan Dernbach' 'Alexandra Michel' 'Khushbu Agarwal' 'Christopher Brissette' 'Geetika Gupta' 'Sutanay Choudhury'] This paper introduces lateral thinking to implement System-2 reasoning capabilities in AI systems, focusing on anticipatory and causal reasoning under uncertainty. We…
Hope Kean, Alexander Fung, Paris Jaggers, Jason Chen + 6 more
Humans are endowed with a powerful capacity for both inductive and deductive logical thought: we easily form generalizations based on a few examples and draw conclusions from known premises. Humans also arguably have the most sophisticated communication system in the animal kingdom: natural language allows us to…
Authors not listed
In philosophy and science, a first principle is a basic proposition or assumption that cannot be deduced from any other proposition or assumption. Ancient Greek philosophy Aristotle defined the first principle as “the first basis from which a thing is known.” First principles thinking (or reasoning from first…
Mohamed Amine Kerkouri, Simon D. Hernandez, Marouane Tliba, Yann Dauxais + 2 more
We present ThinkProbe, a framework for structural analysis of LLM reasoning traces. ThinkProbe converts each trace into a Thought Graph a directed graph with cycles, 8 node types, and 6 edge types and derives a 19-metric five-dimensional cognitive profile (5D-CP: Breadth, Depth, Structure, Metacognitive, Efficiency)…
Woo-Tek Lee, Eliot Hazeltine, Jiefeng Jiang
Task knowledge is encoded hierarchically such that complex tasks are composed of simpler tasks. This compositional organization also supports generalization to facilitate learning of related but novel complex tasks. To study how the brain implements composition and generalization in hierarchical task learning, we…
Athanasios Karapantelakis, Alexandros Nikou, Ajay Kattepur, Jean Martins + 4 more
Mobile Networks Authors: ['Athanasios Karapantelakis' 'Alexandros Nikou' 'Ajay Kattepur' 'Jean Martins' 'Leonid Mokrushin' 'Swarup Kumar Mohalik' 'Marin Orlić' 'Aneta Vulgarakis Feljan'] Abstract—In the near future, mobile networks are expected to broaden their services and coverage to accommodate a larger user base…
Authors not listed
Step-by-step thinking is essential in all domains of chemical sciences and engineering. While machine learning tools are broadly used, algorithms that automate reasoning are far less common. We elaborate on seven categories of human reasoning activities and connect each to applications in chemical science and…
Meng Lu
Riemannian Geometry Authors: ['Meng Lu'] Understanding intelligence is a central pursuit in neuroscience, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence. Intelligence encompasses learning, problem-solving, creativity, and even consciousness. Recent advancements in geometric analysis have revealed new insights into…
Juan Prada, Johannes Balkenhol, Özge Osmanoglu, Maral Afshar + 6 more
Decisions in biology happen fast and are driven by evolution to optimize survival chances. In platelets, this is achieved by organizing signaling cascades into rapid decision-funnels with modulatory crosstalk. We show that network decision processes underlying cellular decisions are tough to solve (equivalent to…
Ankit Yadav, Arpan Banerjee, Dipanjan Roy
Internally directed attention (IDA), whether spontaneous or intentional, has been associated with impaired performance on externally directed cognitive tasks. Yet, the neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning this disruption remain poorly understood. In the present study, we characterized the neural correlates of IDA…
Zhu, Jason, Hongyu Li
Large reasoning models (LRMs) like OpenAI o1 and DeepSeek R1 have demonstrated impressive performance on complex reasoning tasks like mathematics and programming with long Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning sequences (slow-thinking), compared with traditional large language models (fast-thinking). However, these…
Pablo Fernandez Velasco, Eva-Maria Griesbauer, Iva Brunec, Jeremy Morley + 3 more
Efficient planning is a distinctive hallmark of intelligence in humans, who routinely make rapid inferences over complex world contexts. However, studies investigating how humans accomplish this tend to focus on naive participants engaged in simplistic tasks with small state-spaces, which do not reflect the intricacy…
Artur Pilacinski, Lia Wagner, Gabriel Besson, Maria Joao Matos + 2 more
Non-visual saccades (NVS) are spontaneous eye movements humans make while thinking. Their role is puzzling and there is no framework to explain them in terms of their underlying neural systems. Here we studied neural activity preceding NVS when subjects performed standardized abstract thinking tasks. We used…
Authors not listed
The Socratic method, grounded in iterative questioning and critical dialogue, offers a compelling framework for leveraging large language models (LLMs) to advance scientific reasoning and discovery in chemistry and materials science. In this paper, we explore how Socratic principles can be integrated into prompt…
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Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) structure determination is an important problem in education, industry, and research. Solving NMR spectra requires expert knowledge, critical thinking, and careful evaluation of multiple features of spectral data. This study explores the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) for…
ALESSANDRO ALIPRANDI, Dario Alessi, Luca Morgan, Elisa Pelorosso + 1 more
Self-organization is a key pathway to achieving high levels of matter complexity. However, an energy-consuming active process, such as a dissipative regime, is essential for adaptation and evolution to occur. In this study, we transform the passive self-organization of a luminescent square planar Pt(II) complex into an…