20 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Daniel Szelogowski
Despite substantial research into the biological basis of memory, the precise mechanisms by which experiences are encoded, stored, and retrieved in the brain remain incompletely understood. A growing body of evidence supports the engram theory, which posits that sparse populations of neurons undergo lasting physical…
Michael Fauth, Christian Tetzlaff
The connectivity of the brain is continuously adjusted to new environmental influences by several activity-dependent adaptive processes. The most investigated adaptive mechanism is activity-dependent functional or synaptic plasticity regulating the transmission efficacy of existing synapses. Another important but less…
Alberto Lazari, Piergiorgio Salvan, Michiel Cottaar, Daniel Papp + 2 more
Synaptic plasticity is required for learning and follows Hebb’s Rule, the com-putational principle underpinning associative learning. In recent years, a complementary type of brain plasticity has been identified in myelinated axons, which make up the majority of brain’s white matter. Like synaptic plasticity, myelin…
Thomas Limbacher, Robert Legenstein
The ability to base current computations on memories from the past is critical for many cognitive tasks such as story understanding. Hebbian-type synaptic plasticity is believed to underlie the retention of memories over medium and long time scales in the brain. However, it is unclear how such plasticity processes are…
James Humble, Kazuhiro Hiratsuka, Haruo Kasai, Taro Toyoizum
It is often assumed that Hebbian synaptic plasticity forms a cell assembly, a mutually interacting group of neurons that encodes memory. However, in recurrently connected networks with pure Hebbian plasticity, cell assemblies typically diverge or fade under ongoing changes of synaptic strength. Previously assumed…
András Ecker, Daniela Egas Santander, Marwan Abdellah, Jorge Blanco Alonso + 8 more
Synaptic plasticity underlies the brain’s ability to learn and adapt. This process is often studied in small groups of neurons in vitro or indirectly through its effects on behavior in vivo. Due to the limitations of available experimental techniques, investigating synaptic plasticity at the micro-circuit level relies…
Roxana Zeraati, Viola Priesemann, Anna Levina
Self-organized criticality has been proposed to be a universal mechanism for the emergence of scale-free dynamics in many complex systems, and possibly in the brain. While such scalefree patterns were identified experimentally in many different types of neural recordings, the biological principles behind their…
Masoumeh Kourosh-Arami, Alireza Komaki, Masoumeh Gholami, Seyed Hossein Marashi + 1 more
'Seyed Hossein Marashi' 'Sara Hejazi'] Plasticity is a common feature of synapses that is stated in different ways and occurs through several mechanisms. The regular action of the brain needs to be balanced in several neuronal and synaptic features, one of which is synaptic plasticity. The different homeostatic…
Yu Duan, Zhongfan Jia, Qian Li, Yi Zhong + 1 more
Rapidly learning from ongoing experiences and remembering past events with a flexible memory system are two core capacities of biological intelligence. While the underlying neural mechanisms are not fully understood, various evidence supports that synaptic plasticity plays a critical role in memory formation and fast…
H. Sebastian Seung, Jonathan Zung
Much has been learned about plasticity of biological synapses from empirical studies. Hebbian plasticity is driven by correlated activity of presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons. Synapses that converge onto the same neuron often behave as if they compete for a fixed resource; some survive the competition while others…
Elena Regele-Blasco, Lucy M. Palmer
Neurons are plastic. That is, they change their activity according to different behavioural conditions. This endows pyramidal neurons with an incredible computational power for the integration and processing of synaptic inputs. Plasticity can be investigated at different levels of investigation within a single neuron…
Masoumeh Kourosh-Arami, Nasrin Hosseini, Alireza Komaki
Neuroplasticity is referred to the ability of the nervous system to change its structure or functions as a result of former stimuli. It is a plausible mechanism underlying a dynamic brain through adaptation processes of neural structure and activity patterns. Nevertheless, it is still unclear how the plastic neural…
Alexander Muacevic, John R Adler, Viraj V Joshi, Nishita D Patel + 2 more
'Muhammad Awais Rehan' 'Annapurna Kuppa'] After decades of research on memory formation and retention, we are still searching for the definite concept and process behind neuroplasticity. This review article will address the relationship between synapses, memory formation, and memory retention and their genetic…
Júlia V. Gallinaro, Stefan Rotter
Correlation-based Hebbian plasticity is thought to shape neuronal connectivity during development and learning, whereas homeostatic plasticity would stabilize network activity. Here we investigate another, new aspect of this dichotomy: Can Hebbian associative properties also emerge as a network effect from a plasticity…
Jesse J. Langille, Richard E. Brown
Trettenbrein ([171]) has argued that the concept of the synapse as the locus of memory is outdated and has made six critiques of this concept. In this article, we examine these six critiques and suggest that the current theories of the neurobiology of memory and the empirical data indicate that synaptic activation is…
Patrick Christian Trettenbrein
Synaptic plasticity is widely considered to be the neurobiological basis of learning and memory by neuroscientists and researchers in adjacent fields, though diverging opinions are increasingly being recognised. From the perspective of what we might call “classical cognitive science” it has always been understood that…
Júlia V. Gallinaro, Nebojša Gašparović, Stefan Rotter
Brain networks store new memories using functional and structural synaptic plasticity. Memory formation is generally attributed to Hebbian plasticity, while homeostatic plasticity is thought to have an ancillary role in stabilizing network dynamics. Here we report that homeostatic plasticity alone can also lead to the…
Stefano Fusi
Memory is often defined as the mental capacity of retaining information about facts, events, procedures and more generally about any type of previous experience. Memories are remembered as long as they influence our thoughts, feelings, and behavior at the present time. Memory is also one of the fundamental components…
Rafael R. Borges, Fernando S. Borges, Ewandson L. Lameu, Antônio M. Batista + 4 more
'Antônio M. Batista' 'Kelly C. Iarosz' 'Iberê L. Caldas' 'Chris G. Antonopoulos' 'Maurı́cio S. Baptista'] We study the capacity of Hodgkin-Huxley neuron in a network to change temporarily or permanently their connections and behavior, the so called spike timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), as a function of their…
Samuel J. Gershman
The most widely accepted view of memory in the brain holds that synapses are the storage sites of memory, and that memories are formed through associative modification of synapses. This view has been challenged on conceptual and empirical grounds. As an alternative, it has been proposed that molecules within the cell…