23 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
K. R. Chowdhary
—This paper attempts to connects the evolution of computer languages with the evolution of life, where the later has been dictated by theory of evolution of species, and tries to give supportive evidence that the new languages are more robust than the previous, carry-over the mixed features of older languages, such…
Muhammad Shoaib Farooq, Sher Afzal Khan, Farooq Ahmad, Saeed Islam + 2 more
'Adnan Abid' 'Hussein Suleman'] Computer programming is the core of computer science curriculum. Several programming languages have been used to teach the first course in computer programming, and such languages are referred to as first programming language (FPL). The pool of programming languages has been evolving…
Stephen R Piccolo, Harlan P Stevens
Due to the growing scale and complexity of biological data, computer-programming skills have become essential for modern life scientists . Researchers use programming to automate tasks such as processing genomic datasets, running simulations, and creating visualizations. Writing code to carry out these tasks promotes…
Brijender Kahanwal
The main purpose of this article is to describe the taxonomy of computer languages according to the levels of abstraction. There exists so many computer languages because of so many reasons like the evolution of better computer languages over the time; the socio-economic factors as the proprietary interests, commercial…
Youssef Bassil
A computer program is a set of electronic instructions executed from within the computer's memory by the computer's central processing unit. Its purpose is to control the functionalities of the computer allowing it to perform various tasks. Basically, a computer program is written by humans using a programming…
Francesca Del Bonifro, Maurizio Gabbrielli, Antonio Lategano, Stefano Zacchiroli + 1 more
'Stefano Zacchiroli' 'Sedat Akleylek'] Programming language identification (PLI) is a common need in automatic program comprehension as well as a prerequisite for deeper forms of code understanding. Image-based approaches to PLI have recently emerged and are appealing due to their applicability to code screenshots and…
Timothy L. Staples
Languages change over time, driven by creation of new words and cultural pressure to optimize communication. Programming languages resemble written language but communicate primarily with computer hardware rather than a human audience. I tested whether there were detectable changes over time in use of R, a mature…
Chantel S. Prat, Tara M. Madhyastha, Malayka J. Mottarella, Chu-Hsuan Kuo
'Chu-Hsuan Kuo'] This experiment employed an individual differences approach to test the hypothesis that learning modern programming languages resembles second “natural” language learning in adulthood. Behavioral and neural (resting-state EEG) indices of language aptitude were used along with numeracy and fluid…
Jeremy Singer, Steve Draper
Esoteric programming languages are challenging to learn, but their unusual features and constraints may serve to improve programming ability. From languages designed to be intentionally obtuse (e.g. INTERCAL) to others targeting artistic expression (e.g. Piet) or exploring the nature of computation (e.g. Fractan)…
Manuele Simi, Fabien Campagne, Keith Crandall
Language WorkBenches (LWBs) are software engineering tools that help domain experts develop solutions to various classes of problems. Some of these tools focus on non-technical users and provide languages to help organize knowledge while other workbenches provide means to create new programming languages. A key…
Attila Egri-Nagy
Programming languages tend to evolve over time to use more and more concepts from theoretical computer science. Still, there is a gap between programming and pure mathematics. Not all theoretical results have realized their promising applications. The algebraic decomposition of finite state automata (Krohn-Rhodes…
Saima Malik-Moraleda, Maya Taliaferro, Steve Shannon, Niharika Jhingan + 8 more
What constitutes a language? Natural languages share features with other domains: from math, to music, to gesture. However, the brain mechanisms that process linguistic input are highly specialized, showing little response to diverse non-linguistic tasks. Here, we examine constructed languages (conlangs) to ask whether…
Yannis Smaragdakis
The dream of programming language design is to bring about orders-of-magnitude productivity improvements in software development tasks. Designers can endlessly debate on how this dream can be realized and on how close we are to its realization. Instead, I would like to focus on a question with an answer that can be…
Gilderlanio Santana de Araújo
Teaching computer programming is not a simple task and it is challenging to introduce the concepts of programming in graduate programs of other fields. Little efforts have been made on engaging students in computational development after programming trainings. An emerging need is to establish subjects of bioinformatics…
Fabien Campagne, William ER Digan, Manuele Simi
Data analysis tools have become essential to the study of biology. Tools available today were constructed with layers of technology developed over decades. Here, we explain how some of the principles used to develop this technology are sub-optimal for the construction of data analysis tools for biologists. In contrast…
Y. Liu, J. Kim, C. Wilson, M. Bedny
Despite the importance of programming to modern society, the cognitive and neural bases of code comprehension are largely unknown. Programming languages might ‘recycle’ neurocognitive mechanisms originally used for natural languages. Alternatively, comprehension of code could depend on fronto-parietal networks shared…
Anna A. Ivanova, Shashank Srikant, Yotaro Sueoka, Hope H. Kean + 4 more
Computer programming is a novel cognitive tool that has transformed modern society. What cognitive and neural mechanisms support this skill? Here, we used fMRI to investigate two candidate brain systems: the multiple demand (MD) system, typically recruited during math, logic, problem solving, and executive tasks, and…
Richard Apodaca
Despite its widespread use, Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) remains underspecified. The lack of a detailed specification encourages improvisation by software developers, complicates data standardization efforts, and undermines extension development. Balsa, a reformulation of SMILES, addresses…
Pieter Floris Jacobs, Robert Pollice
Scientists across domains are often challenged to master domain-specific languages (DSLs) for their research, which are merely a means to an end but are pervasive in fields like computational chemistry. Automated code generation promises to overcome this barrier, allowing researchers to focus on their core expertise.…
Hitesh Patel, Wolf Ihlenfeldt, Philip Judson, Yurii S. Moroz + 4 more
We have made available a database of over 1 billion compounds predicted to be easily synthesizable. They have been created by a set of transforms based on an adaptation and extension of the CHMTRN/PATRAN programming languages describing chemical synthesis expert knowledge, which originally stem from the LHASA project.…
Authors not listed
Curried functions provide a systematic way of transforming multi-argument functions into nested singleargument functions. This transformation allows partial application and supports many central principles of functional programming. Their extension, called curried 𝑘-ary functions, naturally generalizes the familiar…
Babu Bassa
In this communication the author describes a software tool named "ChameleonSort". The software program, developed by the present author is useful in the sorting of biological sequence variants like those accumulating mutations while diverging from the common ancestors. Examples include viral protein variants, protein…
Kan Hatakeyama-Sato, Naoki Yamane, Yasuhiko Igarashi, Yuta Nabae + 1 more
This paper evaluates the capabilities and limitations of the Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) in chemical research. Although GPT-4 exhibits remarkable proficiencies, it is evident that the quality of input data significantly affects its performance. We explore GPT-4's potential in chemical tasks, such as…