21 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Christopher I Jarvis, Amy Gimma, Flavio Finger, Tim P Morris + 5 more
The fraction of cases reported, known as ‘reporting’, is a key performance indicator in an outbreak response, and an essential factor to consider when modelling epidemics and assessing their impact on populations. Unfortunately, its estimation is inherently difficult, as it relates to the part of an epidemic which is…
Shayne Longpre, Elaine Zhu, Carson Ezell, Avijit Ghosh + 14 more
Flaw reporting for deployed AI systems is fundamental to identifying system failures and improving AI safety. Yet the AI reporting ecosystem is fragmented: researchers who identify flaws often do not know what or where to report, and groups who receive reports rarely share them with other relevant stakeholders. As a…
Xiaoqin Wang, Yaolong Chen, Nan Yang, Wei Deng + 6 more
'Liang Yao' 'Dang Wei' 'Gen Chen' 'Kehu Yang'] Background With increasing attention put on the methodology of reporting guidelines, Moher et al. conducted a review of reporting guidelines up to December 2009. Information gaps appeared on many aspects. Therefore, in 2010, the Guidance for Developers of Health Research…
Amish Talwar, Rebecca Katz, Martyn D. Kirk, Tambri Housen + 1 more
The global reaction to the COVID-19 pandemic has raised concerns about the world’s collective ability to detect, report, and respond to infectious disease outbreaks. Outbreak reporting is the process by which infectious disease outbreaks, once detected, are reported to public health officials; initial reporting to…
Kevin Wei, Lennart Heim
We introduce a conceptual framework and provide considerations for the institutional design of AI incident reporting systems, i.e., processes for collecting information about safetyand rights-related events caused by general-purpose AI. As general-purpose AI systems are increasingly adopted, they are causing more…
Dagmar Starke, Günter Tempel, Jeffrey Butler, Anne Starker + 2 more
'Christel Zühlke' 'Brigitte Borrmann'] Health reporting provides descriptions of the health of a population, analyses problems and demonstrates areas in which action needs to be taken in health care, health promotion and disease prevention. As such, it provides a rational basis for participatory processes and a…
Emily MacDonald, Preben Aavitsland, Dounia Bitar, Katrine Borgen
Background The International Health Regulations (IHR (2005)) require countries to notify WHO of any event which may constitute a public health emergency of international concern. This notification relies on reports of events occurring at the local level reaching the national public health authorities. By June 2012 WHO…
Amanda Amberg, Darren N. Saunders
Cancer research in the news is often associated with sensationalising and inaccurate reporting, giving rise to false hopes and expectations. The role of study selection for cancer-related news stories is an important but less commonly acknowledged issue, as the outcomes of primary research are generally less reliable…
Yuan Tian, Chuhan Zhang, Xiaotong Wang, Pan Sun + 4 more
Reports with LLMs Authors: Yuan Tian, Chuhan Zhang, Xiaotong Wang, Pan Sun, Weiwei Cui, Haidong Zhang, Dazhen Deng, Yingcai Wu Title: ReSpark: Leveraging Previous Data Reports as References to Generate New Reports with LLMs Authors: Yuan Tian, Chuhan Zhang, Xiaotong Wang, Pan Sun, Weiwei Cui, Haidong Zhang, Dazhen…
Martin Thissen, Stefanie Seeling, Peter Achterberg, Angela Fehr + 4 more
Background Health reporting shall provide up-to-date health-related data to inform policy-makers, researchers and the public. To this end, health reporting formats should be tailored to the needs and competencies of the target groups and provide comparable and high-quality information. Within the Joint Action on Health…
Chia-Yi Wu, Ming-Been Lee, Shih-Cheng Liao, Chia-Ta Chan + 1 more
Inadequate suicide reports can cause copycat suicide attempts, but legal regulations for the media are rarely seen worldwide. In Taiwan, daily media surveillance with immediate feedback to correct inappropriate reports has been an interactive policy in the national suicide prevention strategy for a decade. We aimed to…
Eamon B. O’Dea, John M. Drake
Second order statistics such as the variance and autocorrelation can be useful indicators of the stability of randomly perturbed systems, in some cases providing early warning of an impending, dramatic change in the system’s dynamics. One specific application area of interest is the surveillance of infectious diseases.…
Amish Talwar, Matthew M. Griffith, Rebecca Katz, Martyn D. Kirk + 2 more
Outbreak reporting is thought to be subject to technical, or capacity, barriers that physically hinder reporting and non-technical barriers, such as the threat of economic losses, that discourage governments from reporting. While technical barriers to reporting have been extensively explored, there is less evidence for…
Steven Linfield, Sylwester Gawinkowski, Wojciech Nogala
Recently, shot noise has been shown to be an inherent part of all charge transfer processes, leading to a practical limit of quantification of 2100 electrons (~0.34 fC) (Curr. Opin. Electrochem. 2020, 22, 170177). Attainable limits of quantification are made much larger by greater background currents and insufficient…
Bettina Berendt, Stefan Schiffner
enough. Towards an interdisciplinary view of ethical dilemmas Authors: ['Bettina Berendt' 'Stefan Schiffner'] When technology enters applications and processes with a long tradition of controversial societal debate, multifaceted new ethical and legal questions arise. This paper focusses on the process of…
Authors not listed
Computational explorations of reaction mechanism which support and guide experimental efforts has become a key tool in the organic and inorganic chemistry community. This Perspective addresses key challenges and best practices for generating reliable, reproducible, and reusable data for quantum chemical calculations of…
Theodore R. Pak, Maria D. Rodriguez, Frederick P. Roth
Evidence-based clinical practice relies on unbiased reporting of negative results. Meta-analysis of drug safety and efficacy across many clinical trials is difficult given the unconstrained nature of reasons that are provided to ClinicalTrials.gov to explain clinical trial terminations. We scanned all trials in…
Jan Range, Colin Halupczok, Jens Lohmann, Neil Swainston + 6 more
EnzymeML is an XML–based data exchange format that supports the comprehensive documentation of enzymatic data by describing reaction conditions, time courses of substrate and product concentrations, the kinetic model, and the estimated kinetic constants. EnzymeML is based on the Systems Biology Markup Language, which…
Mahnoor Zulfiqar, Michael R. Crusoe, Birgitta König-Ries, Christoph Steinbeck + 2 more
Scientific workflows facilitate the automation of data analysis tasks by integrating various software and tools executed in a particular order. To enable transparency and reusability in workflows, it is essential to implement the FAIR principles. Here, we describe our experiences implementing the FAIR principles for…
Eric W Deutsch, Juan Antonio Vizcaíno, Andrew R Jones, Pierre-Alain Binz + 25 more
The Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) Proteomics Standards Initiative (PSI) has been successfully developing guidelines, data formats, and controlled vocabularies (CVs) for the proteomics community and other fields supported by mass spectrometry since its inception twenty years ago. Here we describe the general…
Authors not listed
Accurately predicting chemical reaction yields in silico is a long-standing goal in organic chemistry that, if achieved, would revolutionize synthesis design, op-timization, and discovery. The vast reaction data within scientific literature rep-resents a rich resource for training predictive machine learning models…