25 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Mario Ruiz Pérez, Peter Vandenabeele, Peter Tougaard
The thymus plays a pivotal role in generating a highly-diverse repertoire of T lymphocytes while preventing autoimmunity. Thymus seeding progenitors (TSPs) are a heterogeneous group of multipotent progenitors that migrate to the thymus via CCR7 and CCR9 receptors. While NOTCH guides thymus progenitors toward T cell…
Nicolai S. C. van Oers, Dong-Ming Su, Ann P. Chidgey, Jarrod Dudakov
The thymus is a bi-lobed lymphoid organ localized above the heart whose primary function is to foster the development of the T cells of the adaptive immune system. T cells are a critical component of the cellular immune system, helping B cells produce antibodies, releasing cytokines to orchestrate effective immune…
Maria K. Lagou, Dimitrios G. Argyris, Stepan Vodopyanov, Leslie Gunther-Cummins + 13 more
The thymus, a central primary lymphoid organ of the immune system, plays a key role in T cell development. Surprisingly, the thymus is quite neglected with regards to standardized pathology approaches and practices for assessing structure and function. Most studies use multispectral flow cytometry to define the dynamic…
Emily SW Wong, Anthony T Papenfuss, Andreas Heger, Arthur L Hsu + 6 more
'Chris P Ponting' 'Robert D Miller' 'Jane C Fenelon' 'Marilyn B Renfree' 'Richard A Gibbs' 'Katherine Belov'] Background The thymus plays a critical role in the development and maturation of T-cells. Humans have a single thoracic thymus and presence of a second thymus is considered an anomaly. However, many vertebrates…
Isabel Alcobia, Margarida Gama-Carvalho, Leonor Magalhães, Vitor Proa + 2 more
The thymus is a conserved organ among vertebrates, derived from the endoderm of distinct pharyngeal pouches (PP), whose location and number vary across species. Together with reports of sporadic ectopic thymus locations in mice and humans, this suggests that the potential to make a thymus resides in a broader region of…
Maxwell Duah, Lingling Li, Jingyi Shen, Qiu Lan + 2 more
'Kailin Xu'] The immune system’s ability to resist the invasion of foreign pathogens and the tolerance to self-antigens are primarily centered on the efficient functions of the various subsets of T lymphocytes. As the primary organ of thymopoiesis, the thymus performs a crucial role in generating a self-tolerant but…
Simon Gebremeskel, Inah Bianca Embile, Nikolay Bazhanov, Chuo Fang + 8 more
Thymic function can decline due to age-related involution, congenital disorders, acute infections, or chemo/radiation therapy. Decline in thymic function leads to decreased T cell production and weakened immunity. To address these thymic insufficiencies, we aimed to develop a transplantable and scalable micro-organoid…
Viktoria Major, Sam Palmer, Paul Rouse, Timothy Henderson + 13 more
T-cell development depends critically on the thymic stroma, in particular the diverse array of functionally distinct thymic epithelial cell (TEC) types. However, a robust in vitro thymus model mimicking the native thymus and compatible with medium/high-throughput analyses is currently lacking. Here, we demonstrate a…
Vincent Geenen, Charlotte Trussart, Hélène Michaux, Aymen Halouani + 6 more
'Hela Jaïdane' 'Caroline Collée' 'Chantal Renard' 'Marc Daukandt' 'Philippe Ledent' 'Henri Martens'] Title: Abstract Confirming Burnet's early hypothesis, elimination of self-reactive T cells in the thymus was demonstrated in the late 1980s, and an important question immediately arose about the nature of the…
N. Seyedhassantehrani, C. S. Burns, R. Verrinder, V. Okafor + 2 more
The thymus, a key organ involved in the adaptive immune system, is damaged by a variety of insults including cytotoxic preconditioning. This damage can lead to atrophy and potentially to changes in the hemodynamics of the thymic blood vascular system. Although the thymus has an innate ability to regenerate, the…
Aparna Rao, Avni Gupta, Eric Lagasse
Immunologic aging is defined as a process in which the immune system undergoes tremendous decline in T cell numbers and function, thus affecting one’s ability to effectively mount an immune response. The degeneration of the thymus, the primary immune organ responsible for T cell development, is central to immunologic…
Helen Wang, Vinothkumar Rajan, Anthony Wong, Slava Epelman + 1 more
Thymic macrophages (TMs) are critical for maintaining thymus homeostasis, yet their heterogeneity and specific functions in T cell development remain unclear. Through single-cell RNA sequencing and transgenic reporter mice, we revealed two novel TM subsets characterized by distinct surface markers and transcriptional…
Jacques F. A. P. Miller
For centuries, the thymus has been an organ in search of a function. The fact that it is a large mass of tissue in infancy was not appreciated at the beginning of the twentieth Century, as autopsies performed in infants succumbing to fatal illnesses such as diphtheria, revealed a small thymus. This resulted from stress…
Stephanie M. Lewkiewicz, Yao-Li Chuang, Tom Chou
Naive human T cells are produced in the thymus, which atrophies abruptly and severely in response to physical or psychological stress. To understand how an instance of stress affects the size and "diversity" of the peripheral naive T cell pool, we derive a mean-field autonomous ODE model of T cell replenishment that…
Reem Yahya Alzahri, Fawzyah Abdullah Al-Ghamdi, Seetah Saleem Al-Harbi, Virgínia Cruz Fernandes + 1 more
'Seetah Saleem Al-Harbi' 'Virgínia Cruz Fernandes' 'Nicola Cicero'] Humanity has an ancient history of consuming medicinal plants for prophylaxis. Within hours, and even months, embryonic cells undergo several processes to form an organism. This study aimed to prove the positive or negative effects of using rosemary…
Donald R. Forsdyke
- 1. Introduction - 2. High attrition in seed organs - 3. Generation of haplotypic non-uniformity - 4. Intergenerational influences on gamete success - 5. Changes in properties other than primary function - 6. Thymic auditioning positive anti-near-self and negative anti-self selection - 7. Intracellular self/not-self…
Yoshiaki Yasumizu, Naganari Ohkura, Hisashi Murata, Makoto Kinoshita + 18 more
Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a neurological disease caused by autoantibodies against neuromuscular-associated proteins. While MG is frequently developed in thymoma patients, the etiologic factors for MG are not well understood. Here, by constructing a comprehensive atlas of thymoma using bulk and single-cell RNA-seq, we…
Donald R. Forsdyke
Immunological self/not-self discrimination is conventionally seen as an extracellular event, involving interactions been receptors on T cells pre-educated to discriminate, and peptides bound to major histocompatibility complex proteins (pMHCs). Mechanisms by which not-self peptides might first be sorted intracellularly…
Tamás Szabados, Csaba Kerepesi, Tibor Bakács
Our main purpose is to compare classical nonself-centered, two-signal theoretical models of the adaptive immune system with a novel, self-centered, one-signal model developed by our research group. Our model hypothesizes that the immune system of a fetus is capable learning the limited set of self antigens but unable…
Giulio Isacchini, Valentin Quiniou, Hélène Vantomme, Paul Stys + 5 more
'Encarnita Mariotti-Ferandiz' 'David Klatzmann' 'Aleksandra M. Walczak' 'Thierry Mora' 'Armita Nourmohammad'] The adaptive immune response relies on T cells that combine phenotypic specialization with diversity of T cell receptors (TCRs) to recognize a wide range of pathogens. TCRs are acquired and selected during T…
Grazziela P. Figueredo, Uwe Aickelin
Although there are various types of cancer treatments, none of these currently take into account the effect of ageing of the immune system and hence altered responses to cancer. Recent studies have shown that in vitro stimulation of T cells can help in the treatment of patients. There are many factors that have to be…
Jicun Wang-Michelitsch, Thomas M. Michelitsch
Lymphoid leukemia (LL) and lymphoma are two groups of blood cancers developed from lymphoid cells (LCs). To understand the cause and the mechanism of cell transformation of a LC, we studied the potential sources of cell injuries of LCs and analyzed how DNA changes are generated and accumulate in LCs. I. The DNA changes…
Authors not listed
The design of Cu(II) metallodrugs has traditionally emphasized strong DNA binding as a proxy for anticancer efficacy, but this paradigm has rarely been questioned. Herein, we report two new Cu(II) aroyl-hydrazone Schiff base complexes containing either a pyrrole (Complex 1) or a furan (Complex 2) moiety, which exhibit…
Authors not listed
Type 2 inflammation is an essential defense mechanism of the innate and adaptive immune systems, but when dysregulated, it can cause chronic atopic diseases like allergic asthma and atopic dermatitis. Thymic stromal lymphoprotein (TSLP) helps drive type 2 inflammation by guiding T cells toward a type 2 helper cell…
Katja F. Winkler, Lena Panse, Caroline Maiwald, Josefine Hayeß + 4 more
Enzymes from thermophilic organisms are interesting biocatalysts for a wide variety of applications in organic synthesis, biotechnology and molecular biology. Next to an increased stability at elevated temperatures, they were described to show a wider substrate spectrum than their mesophilic counterparts. To identify…