25 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Deborah Charlesworth
Our understanding of balancing selection is currently becoming greatly clarified by new sequence data being gathered from genes in which polymorphisms are known to be maintained by selection. The data can be interpreted in conjunction with results from population genetics models that include recombination between…
Bárbara D Bitarello, Débora Y C Brandt, Diogo Meyer, Aida M Andrés + 1 more
'David Enard'] Title: Abstract The identification of genomic regions and genes that have evolved under natural selection is a fundamental objective in the field of evolutionary genetics. While various approaches have been established for the detection of targets of positive selection, methods for identifying targets of…
Katherine M. Siewert, Benjamin F. Voight
Balancing selection occurs when multiple alleles are maintained in a population, which can result in their preservation over long evolutionary time periods. A characteristic signature of this long-term balancing selection is an excess number of intermediate frequency polymorphisms near the balanced variant. However…
Filip Ruzicka, Martyna K. Zwoinska, Debora Goedert, Hanna Kokko + 7 more
Traits that affect organismal fitness are often very genetically variable. This genetic variation is vital for populations to adapt to their environments, but it is also surprising given that nature (after all) “selects” the best genotypes at the expense of those that fall short. Explaining the extensive genetic…
Svitlana Brainchenko, Rui Borges, Carolin Kosiol
The role of balancing selection is a long-standing evolutionary puzzle. Balancing selection is a crucial evolutionary process that maintains genetic variation (polymorphism) over extended periods, however, detecting it poses a significant challenge. Building upon the polymorphism-aware phylogenetic models (PoMos)…
Kai Zeng, Brian Charlesworth, Asger Hobolth
Balancing selection is an important process, which maintains genetic variability in many functionally important genes. To increase our understanding of its effects on patterns of genetic diversity, we analyse two models of long-term balancing selection at a biallelic locus, one with a constant population size and the…
Vivak Soni, Jeffrey D Jensen, J Ross-Ibarra
The role of balancing selection in maintaining genetic variation remains an open question in population genetics. Recent years have seen numerous studies identifying candidate loci potentially experiencing balancing selection, most predominantly in human populations. There are however numerous alternative evolutionary…
Josephine R Paris, James R Whiting, Joan Ferrer Obiol, Kimberly A Hughes + 1 more
Balancing selection is a powerful evolutionary force that maintains adaptive genetic and phenotypic diversity. Although methods to detect the footprints of balancing selection in genomic data have advanced, we still lack a clear understanding of how repeatable these signatures appear in wild populations, and how this…
Débora Y. C. Brandt, Aida M. Andrés, Tim Connallon, Max Reuter
Balancing selection refers to a suite of scenarios in which natural selection maintains genetic polymorphisms affecting fitness and its components. Empirical studies have documented a variety of specific cases of balancing selection, yet the general prevalence of balanced polymorphisms within genomes remains a topic of…
Katherine M. Siewert, Benjamin F. Voight
Balancing selection occurs when it is beneficial for multiple alleles to be present in a population, which can result in the preservation of variants over long evolutionary time periods. A characteristic signature of this long-term balancing selection is an excess number of intermediate frequency polymorphisms near the…
Michael DeGiorgio, Kirk E. Lohmueller, Rasmus Nielsen, Joshua M. Akey
'Joshua M. Akey'] While much effort has focused on detecting positive and negative directional selection in the human genome, relatively little work has been devoted to balancing selection. This lack of attention is likely due to the paucity of sophisticated methods for identifying sites under balancing selection. Here…
Michael DeGiorgio, Kirk E. Lohmueller, Rasmus Nielsen
While much effort has focused on detecting positive and negative directional selection in the human genome, relatively little work has been devoted to balancing selection. This lack of attention is likely due to the paucity of sophisticated methods for identifying sites under balancing selection. Here we develop two…
Elizabeth K. Engle, Justin C. Fay
Estimates of the fraction of nucleotide substitutions driven by positive selection vary widely across different species. Accounting for different estimates of positive selection has been difficult, in part because selection on polymorphism within a species is known to obscure a signal of positive selection between…
Arianne Shahvisi
The most benign rationale for sex selection is deemed to be “family balancing.” On this view, provided the sex distribution of an existing offspring group is “unbalanced,” one may legitimately use reproductive technologies to select the sex of the next child. I present four novel concerns with granting “family…
Chonghuan Zhang, Adarsh Arun, Alexei Lapkin
Computer Aided Synthesis Planning (CASP) development of reaction routes requires understanding of complete reaction structures. However, most reactions in the current databases are missing reaction co-participants. Although reaction prediction and atom mapping tools can predict major reaction participants and trace…
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We present a vector-based method to balance chemical reactions. The algorithm builds candidates in a deterministic way, removes duplicates, and always prints coefficients in the lowest whole-number form. For redox cases, electrons and protons/hydroxide are treated explicitly, so both mass and charge are balanced. We…
Mustafa Cavus, Przemysław Biecek
Predictive Multiplicity: A Data-Centric Perspective Authors: ['Mustafa Cavus' 'Przemysław Biecek'] Abstract. The Rashomon effect presents a significant challenge in model selection. It occurs when multiple models achieve similar performance on a dataset but produce different predictions, resulting in predictive…
Waleed Albattah, Rehan Ullah Khan
The exponential growth of image and video data motivates the need for practical real-time content-based searching algorithms. Features play a vital role in identifying objects within images. However, feature-based classification faces a challenge due to uneven class instance distribution. Ideally, each class should…
Rafael M. O. Cruz, Mariana A. Souza, Robert Sabourin, George D. C. Cavalcanti
'George D. C. Cavalcanti'] Class-imbalance refers to classification problems in which many more instances are available for certain classes than for others. Such imbalanced datasets require special attention because traditional classifiers generally favor the majority class which has a large number of instances.…
Rafael M. O. Cruz, Robert Sabourin, George D. C. Cavalcanti
—Class-imbalance refers to classification problems in which many more instances are available for certain classes than for others. Such imbalanced datasets require special attention because traditional classifiers generally favor the majority class which has a large number of instances. Ensemble of classifiers have…
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While the method of manual inspection reliably produces correct results at the introductory level, it can often appear untidy and unintuitive and lacks teachable depth. This paper presents a novel alternative approach designed to achieve the same outcomes as manual inspection but with enhanced clarity. It serves as…
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This paper introduces Post-Inspection Analysis (PIA), a concept for understanding and reverse engineering balanced equations of similar reactions. Here we explore the idea that balanced equations contain useable information observed by grouping and analysing similar equations, allowing us to uncover observations that…
Marco Morucci, Cynthia Rudin
Different matches on the same data may produce different treatment effect estimates, even when they achieve similar balance or minimize the same loss function. We discuss reasons and consequences of this problem. We present evidence of this problem by replicating ten papers that use matching. We introduce Matching…
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Background: Pharmaceutical batch scheduling in multi-reactor configurations presents complex optimization challenges under operational uncertainty, yet limited research addresses how parallel processing capacity affects heuristic performance and predictive modeling. Objectives: This study investigated scheduling…
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Quantities calculated from molecular simulations are often subject to an initial bias due to unrepresentative starting configurations. Initial data are usually discarded to reduce bias. Chodera's method for automated truncation point selection [J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2016, 12, 4, 1799–1805] is popular but has not been…