24 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Ray Greek, Jean Greek
Animals can be used in many ways in science and scientific research. Given that society values sentient animals and that basic research is not goal oriented, the question is raised: "Is the use of sentient animals in basic research justifiable?" We explore this in the context of funding issues, outcomes from basic…
Kaku, Rikuei, Bito, Mikako + 3 more
Despite broad acclaim for basic research, science is undergoing an applied shift that marginalizes basic scientists. This gap reflects an incomplete understanding of their distinctive roles, which prevents translating philosophical appreciation into effective support. We introduce a scalable metric—the application…
Belinda Linden
Background The term blue skies research implies a freedom to carry out flexible, curiosity-driven research that leads to outcomes not envisaged at the outset. This research often challenges accepted thinking and introduces new fields of study. Science policy in the UK has given growing support for short-term…
Jon R Lorsch, Lawrence A Tabak, Monica M Bertagnolli
Three senior figures at the US National Institutes of Health explain why the agency remains committed to supporting basic science and research.
Aruhan Bai, Cong Wu, Kejia Yang
Basic research is believed to be a crucial factor for building national innovation capacity and therefore was perceived as a key battleground for national technological and economic competition. Since the economic reform and opening up in the late 1970s, China has made great achievements in building up its national…
Andrea Ballabeni, Andrea Boggio, David Hemenway
Basic research in the biomedical field generates both knowledge that has a value per se regardless of its possible practical outcome and knowledge that has the potential to produce more practical benefits. Policies can increase the benefit potential to society of basic biomedical research by offering various kinds of…
Gabriele Angori, Chiara Marzocchi, Laura Ramaciotti, Ugo Rizzo
The dynamics of basic and applied research at university and industry have steadily changed since the Eighties, with the private sector reducing its investments in science and universities experiencing significant remodelling in the governance of their funding. While studies have focussed on documenting these changes…
Sarah M. Farris
Purely discovery-driven biological research “…performed without thought of practical ends…” establishes fundamental conceptual frameworks for technological and medical breakthroughs that often occur many years later. Despite the critical importance of discovery-driven research for scientific progress, there is…
David Gray Widder, Sireesh Gururaja, Lucy Suchman
In the context of unprecedented U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) budgets, this paper examines the recent history of DoD funding for academic research in algorithmically based warfighting. We draw from a corpus of DoD grant solicitations from 2007 to 2023, focusing on those addressed to researchers in the field of…
Michael S Lauer
An analysis of over 2.2 million NIH-funded research papers published between 1990 and 2024 reveals that there have been marked declines in the relative and absolute numbers of basic-science oriented publications. In 1990, nearly 60% of NIH-funded publications reported on basic science, with that proportion declining to…
Henk F. Moed, Gali Halevi
This article introduces the Multidimensional Research Assessment Matrix of scientific output. Its base notion holds that the choice of metrics to be applied in a research assessment process depends upon the unit of assessment, the research dimension to be assessed, and the purposes and policy context of the assessment.…
Qing Ke
Translational science aims at "translating" basic scientific discoveries into clinical applications. The identification of translational science has practicality such as evaluating the effectiveness of investments made into large programs like the Clinical and Translational Science Awards. Despite several proposed…
Henry R. Bourne, Eric Vermillion
Decreasing federal and state support threaten long-term sustainability of research in publicly supported academic health centers. In weathering these financial threats, research at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) has undergone substantial changes. Lacking a general endowment, UCSF relies mainly on…
Bashiru Garba, Bashir Saidu
Investment in biomedical research is believed to drive economic growth and increase human capital, leading to increased productivity and sustainability. Unfortunately, such positive impacts are not palpable among the resource-poor countries. This can be attributed to the poor quality of research findings and the…
Michael D. Schaller
Federal funding for research has immediate and long-term economic impact. Since federal research funding is regionally concentrated and not geographically distributed, the benefits are not fully realized in some regions of the country. The Established (previously Experimental) Program to Stimulate Competitive Research…
Xiang Zheng, Qiyao Yang, Jai Potnuri, Chaoqun Ni + 1 more
Funding agencies use a variety of mechanisms to fund research. The National Institutes of Health in the United States, for example, employs scientists to perform research at its own laboratories (intramural research), and it also awards grants to pay for research at external institutions such as universities…
David Fajardo-Ortiz, Bart Thijs, Wolfgang Glänzel, Karin R. Sipido
The historical research-funding model, based on the curiosity and academic interests of researchers, is giving way to new strategic funding models that seek to meet societal needs. We investigated the impact of this trend on health research funded by the two leading funding bodies worldwide, i.e. the National…
Authors not listed
In philosophy and science, a first principle is a basic proposition or assumption that cannot be deduced from any other proposition or assumption. Ancient Greek philosophy Aristotle defined the first principle as “the first basis from which a thing is known.” First principles thinking (or reasoning from first…
Lior Shamir
Research experience and mentoring has been identified as an effective intervention for increasing student engagement and retention in the STEM fields, with high impact on students from undeserved populations. However, one-on-one mentoring is limited by the number of available faculty, and in certain cases also by the…
Abootaleb Sedighi, Tudor Radu, Qirat Ashraf, Balmiki Kumar + 3 more
We developed the Interdisciplinary Science Program in Research and Entrepreneurship (INSPIRE) to address the changing career landscape that students with an interest in Physical Chemistry, Biophysics and Biochemistry face. Third and fourth-year undergraduate Chemistry and Physics students participated in a 4-week…
Christopher Southan
This report covers academic small-molecule drug development with a view to distilling guidelines. The first section covers research productivity feeding into commercial development before reviewing the literature on statistics of academic development It then considers differences between probes and drugs before…
Rumiana Tenchov, Janet Sasso, Xinmei Wang, Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
Aging is a dynamic, time-dependent process characterized by a gradual accumulation of cell damage. Continual functional decline in the intrinsic ability of living organisms to accurately regulate homeostasis leads to increased susceptibility and vulnerability to diseases. Anti-aging research has a long history…
Ruslan T. Saygitov
The connection between grant funding and research productivity has not been well established. to examine the impact of grant funding on the publication activity of awarded applicants. a systematic review of results from comparative studies on the publication activity of applicants (awarded vs rejected) both prior to…
Christopher Southan
This report covers academic small-molecule drug development with a view to distilling guidelines. The first section covers research productivity feeding into commercial development before reviewing the literature on statistics of academic development It then considers differences between probes and drugs before…