21 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Longbing Cao
The in-depth analysis of human behavior has been increasingly recognized as a crucial means for disclosing interior driving forces, causes and impact on businesses in handling many challenging issues such as behavior modeling and analysis in virtual organizations, web community analysis, counter-terrorism and stopping…
Adam Calhoun, Ahmed El Hady
Studying ‘behavior’ lies at the heart of many disciplines. Nevertheless, academics rarely provide an explicit definition of what ‘behavior’ actually is. What range of definitions do people use, and how does that vary across disciplines? To answer these questions we have developed a survey to probe what constitutes…
Alex Gomez-Marin, Joseph J. Paton, Adam R. Kampff, Rui M. Costa + 1 more
Behavior is a unifying organismal process where genes, neural function, anatomy and environment converge and interrelate. Here we review the current state and discuss the future impact of accelerating advances in technology for behavioral studies, focusing on rodents as an exemplar. We frame our perspective in three…
Santiago Herce Castañon, Christopher R. Stephens
Predicting and understanding behaviour is a primary objective of many disciplines, especially human behaviour, as it is the cause of many of the world’s most pressing problems. Although it is a fundamental concept in multiple disciplines, there is no agreed operational definition of what it is. Neither is there a…
Zeynep Goker
Psychiatry is concerned with mental health. Cognition is one of the key mental functions and manifests itself primarily as behavior. A behavior exhibited in response to a stimulus is influenced by biological (inherited), psychological (individual), and social (environmental) factors. During consolidation of an…
Keane Ong, Weihui Dai, Changhan Li, Feng + 8 more
Using intelligent systems to perceive psychological and social behaviors, that is, the underlying affective, cognitive, and pathological states that are manifested through observable behaviors and social interactions, remains a challenge due to their complex, multifaceted, and personalized nature. Existing work…
Ewa Pisula, Wojciech Pisula
Autism spectrum is characterized by difficulties in social communication and interactions and limited, restricted patterns of behavior, interests, and activity. It is diagnosed and described on the basis of behavioral characteristics. Therefore, behavior research plays a critical role in better understanding the…
Kai R. Larsen, Lauren J. Ramsay, Cristina A. Godinho, Victoria Gershuny + 2 more
Academic disciplines are often organized according to the behaviors they examine. While most research on a behavior tends to exist within one discipline, some behaviors are examined by multiple disciplines. Better understanding of behaviors and their relationships should enable knowledge transfer across disciplines and…
Bjöern Brembs
In contrast to the long-held assumption that the organization of behavior is best characterized as the perception of a sensory stimulus followed by appropriate response (i.e., “sensorimotor hypothesis”), recent converging evidence from multiple systems and fields of study instead suggests that both ancestral and extant…
Fatima Cvrčková, Viktor Žárský, Anton Markoš
David Stenhouse's classical definition of intelligence as “adaptively variable behavior within the lifetime of the individual” (Stenhouse, , in Trewavas, ), widely accepted among biologists, explicitly refers to behavior, requiring thus a previous understanding of this concept. Here, we are providing a biologists'…
Nicholas T. Van Dam, Anna Brown, Tom B. Mole, Jake H. Davis + 3 more
'Willoughby B. Britton' 'Judson A. Brewer' 'Martin Voracek'] At a fundamental level, taxonomy of behavior and behavioral tendencies can be described in terms of approach, avoid, or equivocate (i.e., neither approach nor avoid). While there are numerous theories of personality, temperament, and character, few seem to…
Valerio Capraro, Matjaž Perc
Methods of statistical physics have proven valuable for studying the evolution of cooperation in social dilemma games. However, recent empirical research shows that cooperative behavior in social dilemmas is only one kind of a more general class of behavior, namely moral behavior, which includes reciprocity, respecting…
Virginia Pallante, Peter Ejbye-Ernst, Marie Rosenkrantz Lindegaard
Research on nonhuman animals has widely documented the behavioural expression of distress in a conflict context. In humans, however, this remains largely unknown due to the lack of direct access to real-life conflict events. Here, we took the aftermath of 129 video recorded street fights and applied the ethological…
Charlotte S.L. Rossetti, Christian Hilbe, Oliver P. Hauser
Cooperation is crucial for the success of social interactions. Given its importance, humans should readily be able to use available cues to predict how likely others are to cooperate. Here, we review the empirical literature on how accurate such predictions are. To this end, we distinguish between three classes of…
Paul Eelen
This manuscript is part of a special issue to commemorate professor Paul Eelen, who passed away on August 21, 2016. Paul was a clinically oriented scientist, for whom learning principles (Pavlovian or operant) were more than salivary responses and lever presses. His expertise in learning psychology and his enthusiasm…
Authors not listed
Machine olfaction—the artificial replication of the sense of smell—faces significant challenges due to the absence of large, standardized training datasets. Unlike vision, language, and audio models, which benefit from extensive corpora such as ImageNet, GLUE, and AudioSet, olfaction lacks scaled equivalents and…
Timothy A. Allen, Michael N. Hallquist, Alexandre Y. Dombrovski
The evolution of human social cognitive capacities such as mentalizing was associated with the expansion of frontoparietal cortical networks, particularly the default network. Mentalizing supports prosocial behaviors, but recent evidence indicates it may also serve a darker side of human social behavior. Using a…
René Mellema, Maarten Jensen, Frank Dignum
When creating (open) agent systems it has become common practice to use social concepts such as social practices, norms and conventions to model the way the interactions between the agents are regulated. However, in the literature most papers concentrate on only one of these aspects at the time. Therefore there is…
Cailin O’Connor
Why are we good? Why are we bad? Questions regarding the evolution of morality have spurred an astoundingly large interdisciplinary literature. Some significant subset of this body of work addresses questions regarding our moral psychology: how did humans evolve the psychological properties which underpin our systems…
Yoshiharu Mukouyama, Kenya Tanaka, Shuji Nakanishi, Yoshihiro Nakato
The present work reveals that a prebiotic chemical system can generate self-organizing ability that leads to highly ordered structures and an active character such as free independent harmonious behavior. This result is the properties of natural things that have long been overlooked since Darwin’s theory of evolution…
Yoshiharu Mukouyama, Kenya Tanaka, Shuji Nakanishi, Yoshihiro Nakato
The emergence of life on Earth has attracted intense attention but remains unclear. A key problem is that the question of how living organisms can exhibit self-organizing ability that leads to highly ordered structures and active free independent behavior remains unanswered. This work reveals, by computer simulation…