26 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Agata Wawrzyniak, Krzysztof Balawender, Marek Bienko, Radosław P. Radzki
'Radosław P. Radzki'] Simple Summary Bone is an extremely metabolically active tissue that is regenerated and repaired over its lifetime by bone remodeling. Most bone diseases are caused by abnormal restructure processes that undermine bone structure and mechanical strength and trigger clinical symptoms, such as pain…
Veronika Šromová, Dinara Sobola, Pavel Kaspar, Tong-Chuan He
This review focuses on understanding the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of bone tissue and reviews current knowledge of its physiology. It explores how these features intricately collaborate to maintain the balance between osteoblast-mediated bone formation and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption, which…
Anna Szeliga, Monika Grymowicz, Anna Kostrzak, Roman Smolarczyk + 4 more
'Gregory Bala' 'Katarzyna Smolarczyk' 'Blazej Meczekalski' 'Katarzyna Suchta'] Bone has traditionally been viewed in the context of its structural contribution to the human body. Foremost providing necessary support for mobility, its roles in supporting calcium homeostasis and blood cell production are often…
Carley V. Cook, Ariel M. Lighty, Brenda J. Smith, Ashlee N. Ford Versypt
Bone remodeling is an essential physiological process in the adult skeleton. Due to the complex nature of this process, many mathematical models of bone remodeling have been developed. Each of these models has unique features, but they have underlying patterns. In this review, the authors highlight the important…
Xubin Zhang, Yongsheng Liang, Fayao Zhang, Xiaoyuan Liu
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease. Genetic and environmental factors work together to cause increased bone resorption, decreased bone formation, bone remodeling imbalance, reduced bone mass, and increased bone fragility. The global incidence of osteoporosis is relatively high, and osteoporosis negatively…
Alberto Consolaro
foundation 1 Authors: ['Alberto Consolaro'] Title: Abstract The tridimensional network formed by osteocytes controls bone design by coordinating cell activity on trabecular and cortical bone surfaces, especially osteoblasts and clasts. Miniplates and mini-implants provide anchorage, allowing all other orthodontic and…
Peter Pivonka, Pascal R. Buenzli, Stefan Scheiner, Colin R. Dunstan
– Bone is a biomaterial undergoing continuous renewal. The renewal process is known as bone remodelling and is operated by bone-resorbing cells (osteoclasts) and bone-forming cells (osteoblasts). An important function of bone remodelling is the repair of microcracks accumulating in the bone matrix due to mechanical…
Authors not listed
Injectable biomaterials have emerged as a promising solution for bone repair, offering tunable mechanical properties, minimally invasive delivery, and excellent biocompatibility. This work comprehensively explores the trabecular bone physiology, its intrinsic healing mechanism, and conventional surgical and…
Astrid Cantamessa, Victoria Schemenz, Stéphane Blouin, Timothy Volders + 9 more
The remarkable mechanical performance of bone arises from its complex hierarchical structure and from the presence of numerous internal interfaces joining the different components. Formed during bone remodeling, the cement line (CL) is a thin interface surrounding osteons. Although often neglected due to its small…
Mario Milazzo, Gang Seob Jung, Serena Danti, Markus J. Buehler
Collagen is a key structural protein in the human body, which undergoes mineralization during the formation of hard tissues. Earlier studies have described the mechanical behavior of bone at different scales highlighting material features across hierarchical structures. Here we present a study that aims to understand…
Pouyan Asgharzadeh, Oliver Röhrle, Bettina M. Willie, Annette Birkhold
'Annette Birkhold'] Throughout the process of aging, deterioration of bone macro- and micro-architecture, as well as material decomposition result in a loss of strength and therefore in an increased likelihood of fractures. To date, precise contributions of age-related changes in bone (re)modeling and…
Marina Ribeiro Paulini, Mariangeles Aimone, Sara Feldman, Daniela Vieira Buchaim + 3 more
'Daniela Vieira Buchaim' 'Rogerio Leone Buchaim' 'João Paulo Mardegan Issa' 'Roland Van den Tillaar'] Background/Objectives: Chronic exposure to stress has been considered a risk factor for hypertension, which is also associated with increased bone resorption. This review aimed to investigate the effect of acute and…
Avik Mondal, Chantal Nguyen, Xiao Ma, Ahmed Elbanna + 1 more
'Jean M. Carlson'] Trabecular bone is a lightweight, compliant material organized as a web of struts and rods (trabeculae) that erode with age and the onset of bone diseases like osteoporosis, leading to increased fracture risk. The traditional diagnostic marker of osteoporosis, bone mineral density (BMD), has been…
Chloé Lerebours, Pascal R. Buenzli, Stefan Scheiner, Peter Pivonka
We propose a multiscale mechanobiological model of bone remodelling to investigate the site-specific evolution of bone volume fraction across the midshaft of a femur. The model includes hormonal regulation and biochemical coupling of bone cell populations, the influence of the microstructure on bone turnover rate, and…
Garabed Eknoyan, Sharon M. Moe
Long considered an inert supporting framework, bone studies went neglected until the 17th century when they began as descriptive microscopic studies of structure which over time progressed into that of chemistry and physiology. It was in the mid-19th century that studies evolved into an inquisitive discipline which…
Raniere Gaia Costa da Silva, Tsim Christopher Sun, Ambika Prasad Mishra, Alan Boyde + 2 more
Resorption within cortices of long bones removes excess mass and damaged tissue, and increases during periods of reduced mechanical loading. Returning to high-intensity exercise may place bones at risk of failure due to increased porosity caused by bone resorption. We used microradiographs of bone slices from…
Ragnheiður Diljá Ásmundsdóttir, Gaudry Troché, Jesper V. Olsen, Sarah Schrader + 1 more
Sampling strategies within the field of skeletal palaeoproteomics are often based on specimen availability. Knowledge of bone biology might assist in improving sample selection strategies and minimise unnecessary sampling of precious (hominin) material. We study ten bone sample locations across four bone elements, for…
Anika Shimonty, Fabrizio Pin, Matt Prideaux, Gang Peng + 5 more
Irisin, released from exercised muscle, has been shown to have beneficial effects on numerous tissues but its effects on bone are unclear. We found significant sex and genotype differences in bone from wildtype (WT) mice compared to mice lacking Fndc5 (KO), with and without calcium deficiency. Despite their bone being…
Authors not listed
Synthetic hydrogels rarely form the porous, cell-permissive architectures required for effective tissue regeneration. Here, we report a poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) sponge hydrogel whose macroporous network is pre-programmed through gel–gel phase separation (GGPS) and stabilized by freeze–thaw processing. This mechanism…
Ritambhara Dash, Abhay Kumar Rajak, Ramagiri Praveen Kumar, Parameshwar Kommu + 3 more
Bio ceramics have enormous applications in the medical field as being used as implants. The base material in bioceramics is mostly calcium phosphate which comes in the form of hydroxyapatite (HAp) or Beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). The other materials are silica and alumina. The different blends of these bioceramics…
Bader, Camille, Gilardet, Rémy + 8 more
One of the greatest challenges of terrestrial locomotion is resisting gravity. The morphological adaptive features of the limb long bones of extant elephants, the heaviest living terrestrial animals, have previously been highlighted; however, their bone microanatomy remain largely unexplored. Here we investigate the…
Haydee L. Gutierrez, Rio Tsutsumi, Talia Y. Moore, Kimberly L. Cooper
The extraordinary malleability of the vertebrate limb supports a variety of locomotor functions including running and leaping in cursorial and saltatorial species. In many of these animals, the metatarsals and/or metacarpals are disproportionately elongated to increase stride length and fused into a single larger…
Romain cottereau, Katia Ortiz, Yann Locatelli, Alexandra Houssaye + 1 more
Reduced mobility associated with captivity induce changes in biomechanical stress on the skeleton of domesticated animals. Due to bone plasticity, the morphology and the internal structure of the bones can respond to these new biomechanical stresses over individuals’ lifetime. In a context where documenting early…
Malcolm Maden, Trey Polvadore, Arod Polanco, William B. Barbazuk + 1 more
Osteoderms are bony plates which develop in the dermis of the skin of vertebrates, most commonly found in fishes and reptiles. They have evolved independently at least eight times in reptiles suggesting the presence of a gene regulatory network which is readily activated and inactivated. The absence of osteoderms in…
Pascal R. Buenzli
– The formation of new bone involves both the deposition of bone matrix, and the formation of a network of cells embedded within the bone matrix, called osteocytes. Osteocytes derive from bone-synthesising cells (osteoblasts) that become buried in bone matrix during bone deposition. The generation of osteocytes is a…
Corinna Schlosser, Wojciech Rozek, Ryan Mellor, Szymon Manka + 3 more
Teriparatide (and analogue peptides) are the only FDA approved anabolic treatments for osteoporosis. Current therapies are administered as a daily subcutaneous injection, which limits patient adherence and clinical efficacy. To achieve the desired anabolic effect, a controlled delivery system must ensure a pulsatile…