26 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Niccolò Zanichelli, Maximilian Schons, Isaak Freeman, Philip Shiu + 1 more
Adam Glaser, Adam Marblestone, Anders Sandberg, Andrew Payne, Andy McKenzie, Anshul Kashyap, Camille Mitchell, Christian Larsen, Claire Wang, Connor Flexman, Daniel Leible, Davi Bock, Davy Deng, Ed Boyden, Florian Engert, Glenn Clayton, James Lin, Jianfeng Feng, Jordan Matelsky, Ken Hayworth, Kevin Esvelt, Konrad…
Authors not listed
Molecular mechanisms governing initiation steps of the assembly of thousands of endogenous multi-protein complexes (EMCs) remain incompletely understood. Here, multiple lines of observations are reported reflecting the biological functions-aligned initiation sequence of hybrid assembly pathways (HAPs) of EMCs. HAPs…
Volker Schirrmacher, Maria Anttonietta Panaro
The brain and the immune system communicate in many ways and interact directly at neuroimmune interfaces at brain borders, such as hippocampus, choroid plexus, and gateway reflexes. The first part of this review described intercellular communication (synapses, extracellular vesicles, and tunneling nanotubes) during…
Chao Cao, Tong Chen, Nan Zhao, Minheng Chen + 6 more
Our brain functions as a complex communication network, and studying it from a network perspective offers valuable insights into its organizational principles and links to cognitive functions and brain disorders. However, most current network studies typically use brain regions as nodes, often overlooking the intricate…
Che-Yi Lin, Wen-Hsin Hsu, Mei-Yeh Jade Lu, Yi-Hua Chen + 4 more
Comparative studies on highly complex vertebrate brains have provided insights into the evolutionary history of morphological diversity. However, a long-standing question in vertebrate brain evolution is how the fundamental blueprint emerged. To probe the cellular and molecular origins of brain architecture in the…
Robert Worden
This paper uses simple arguments to derive a negative conclusion: that a computer cannot be conscious. If the brain is only a neural computer, brains cannot be conscious. Consciousness implies that there is something else happening in the brain, besides computation. In a running computer, information about outside…
Shuting Xu, Guanlin Li, Michaela Wilsch-Bräuninger, Vikas Trivedi + 2 more
The human forebrain exhibits an expanded surface area compared with other great apes. Despite rapid progress in dissecting species-specific gene expression programs and cell lineages, the tissue-level physical mechanisms underlying human-specific neurodevelopment remain unclear. By quantitatively characterizing tissue…
Talia Lowi-Merri, Akinobu Watanabe
Birds have exceptionally large brains for their body sizes, which is thought to have facilitated their ability to adapt and survive following the end-Cretaceous mass extinction, and has been associated with many of their diverse ecological adaptations today. However, size metrics are limited in their ability to fully…
Mohd Waqas, Thierry Smith, R. S. Rana, Maëva J. Orliac
Introduction: Raoellidae are small artiodactyls retrieved from the middle Eocene of Asia (ca. -47 Ma) and closely related to stem Cetacea. Morphological observations of their endocranial structures allow for outlining some of the early steps of the evolutionary history of the cetacean brain. The external features of…
Binghao Yang, Guangzong Chen
The foundation of cognitive flexibility and higher-order intelligence lies in the functional structure and activity of brain networks, which can be dynamically configured by both external environments and internal states. However, decoding these dynamics from high-dimensional neural data remains a challenge. In this…
Poliana Hartung Toppa, Richard J. Rushmore, Kayley Haggerty, George Papadimitriou + 7 more
We present here a methodology for morphometric analysis of the substantia nigra (SN), the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) and their respective structural brain circuits. Our analyses were based on multimodal T1-weighted MRI and diffusion MRI (dMRI) segmentation and tractography in 12 human…
Minsu Ji, Jihoon Kang, Shumin Yu, Jae‐Myoung Kim + 9 more
Photon scattering has traditionally limited the ability of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to extract accurate, layer-specific information from the brain. This limitation restricts its clinical utility for precise neurological monitoring. To address this, we introduce an AIdriven, high-density NIRS system optimized…
Chirapat Ukachoke
This study addresses a central question in neuroscience: What is the physical nature of consciousness? Taking a neuroscientific approach, the study first establishes working definitions for its principal terms-qualia, consciousness, and information-to specify clearly the entities under investigation. It then analyzes…
Authors not listed
The brain emerges as both battleground and masterpiece-a place where beauty and struggle become inseparable Fatt Yang Chew, MD Neuroradiologist & Interventional Neuroradiologist, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, driven by innovation and purpose.
Albert Kok
Representationalism is the theory that our conscious perception of the world is mediated by mental representations, rather than being a direct encounter with reality. In this article, we define representations in terms of a unified theory of long-term memory that incorporates both its explicit and implicit divisions.…
Lena J. Skalaban, Ashley A. Murray, Jason M. Chein
Research on the relationship between digital media and neurocognitive function has blossomed with the rising digital age and advent of social media, producing a growing literature focused on how technological developments may be affecting users’ brains. Much of the science has focused on the involvement of specific…
Melissa Dunphy Yates, Thomas A. Metzger, Vanessa D. Alphonse, Kyle A. Ott + 1 more
Repetitive low-intensity blast (LIB) exposure has been identified as a probable cause of mild blast-induced traumatic brain injury (mbTBI) and a chronic injury risk to U.S. military personnel. However, the human brain’s biomechanical response to this loading regime remains poorly characterized. Using…
Fran Hancock, Rachael Kee, Fernando Rosas, Manesh Girn + 3 more
Consciousness spans a range of phenomenological experiences, from effortless immersion to disengaged monotony, yet how such phenomenology emerges from brain activity is not well understood. Flow, a phenomenological experience frequently elicited by interactive media, has drawn attention for its links to performance and…
Daniel Hegedus, Marton Barnabas Mora, Balint Varga, Vince Grolmusz
With the enormous advances in cerebral imaging techniques, a large amount of data is available for studying the aging and demented brain. In this contribution, we apply the OASIS-3 dataset for identifying small areas of the human gray matter, which have higher- or lower structural connectivity in dementia and aging. As…
Mete Ismayilzada, Simone A. Luchini, Abdulkadir Gokce, Badr AlKhamissi + 4 more
Creative thinking is a fundamental aspect of human cognition, and divergent thinking-the capacity to generate novel and varied ideas-is widely regarded as its core generative engine. Large language models (LLMs) have recently demonstrated impressive performance on divergent thinking tests and prior work has shown that…
Yishai Valter, Yu Huang, Niranjan Khadka, Abhishek Datta + 1 more
Emerging non-invasive brain stimulation modalities, including transcranial focused ultrasound and transcranial interferential stimulation, offer the promise of safely and non-invasively modulating deep brain structures. Accurate targeting of these regions typically involves subject-specific MRI, limiting widespread…
Zhou, Dale, Cosme, Danielle + 14 more
Cognitive control is a suite of processes that helps individuals pursue goals despite resistance or uncertainty about what to do. Deficits of cognitive control underlie compulsive or risky behavior, as well as other clinical challenges associated with difficulties in regulating impulses, attention, thoughts, and…
Authors not listed
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by multiple factors that require the development of multi-target directed ligands (MTDL) to treat its pathophysiology. Using Hyperoside, a major Himalayan plant extract, this study will report on the potential use of this compound as a therapeutic agent…
Authors not listed
TIMP2 (Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2) plays a crucial role in hippocampal neuroplasticity and cognitive function through MMP-independent signaling. Despite its therapeutic promise, TIMP2 has long been considered 'undruggable' due to its cryptic surface topology and lack of canonical active sites. We present a…
Authors not listed
The amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides are crucial biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common neurodegenerative disease. The high diversity of the Aβ family provides a significant challenge for recognizing various Aβ forms, which may differ by a single amino acid or a post-translational…
Authors not listed
Acetylcholine (ACh) is a key neurotransmitter involved in cognitive function, motor control, and synaptic modulation, yet its electrochemical inactivity and the rapid kinetics of exocytosis have hindered real-time quantal detection. Previous micrometer-scale enzymatic ACh biosensors enabled sub-millisecond…