24 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Alexander F. Siegenfeld, Yaneer Bar‐Yam
The standard assumptions that underlie many conceptual and quantitative frameworks do not hold for many complex physical, biological, and social systems. Complex systems science clarifies when and why such assumptions fail and provides alternative frameworks for understanding the properties of complex systems. This…
Jarosław Klamut, Ryszard Kutner, Zbigniew R. Struzik
Recently, it has been argued that entropy can be a direct measure of complexity, where the smaller value of entropy indicates lower system complexity, while its larger value indicates higher system complexity. We dispute this view and propose a universal measure of complexity that is based on Gell-Mann’s view of…
Nancy Rebout, Jean-Christophe Lone, Arianna De Marco, Roberto Cozzolino + 2 more
'Roberto Cozzolino' 'Alban Lemasson' 'Bernard Thierry'] While there is no consensus about the definition of complexity, it is widely accepted that the ability to produce uncertainty is the most prominent characteristic of complex systems. We introduce new metrics that purport to quantify the complexity of living…
Tianqi Wu, Haisha Zhang, Kun Wu
Diverse interpretations of the fundamental nature of the world and its evolutionary patterns have shaped multiple paradigms of scientific and philosophical thinking. At the micro level, ontological understandings have evolved from the ancient Greek atomic theory to modern conceptions based on dynamic energy fields. At…
Jarosław Klamut, Ryszard Kutner, Zbigniew R. Struzik
Recently it has been argued that entropy can be a direct measure of complexity, where the smaller value of entropy indicates lower system complexity, while its larger value indicates higher system complexity. We dispute this view and propose a universal measure of complexity based on the Gell-Mann's view of complexity.…
Karoline Wiesner, James Ladyman
Complexity is a multi-faceted phenomenon, involving a variety of features including disorder, nonlinearity, and self-organisation. We use a recently developed rigorous framework for complexity to understand measures of complexity. We illustrate, by example, how features of complexity can be quantified, and we analyse a…
Juste Raimbault
Several approaches and corresponding definitions of complexity have been developed in different fields. Urban systems are the archetype of complex socio-technical systems concerned with these different viewpoints. We suggest in this chapter some links between three types of complexity, namely emergence, computational…
Theodore Modis
Entropy always increases monotonically in a closed system but complexity increases at first and then decreases as equilibrium is approached. Commonsense information-related definitions for entropy and complexity demonstrate that complexity behaves like the time derivative of entropy, which is proposed here as a new…
Alexander F. Siegenfeld, Yaneer Bar-Yam, António Lopes
Ashby’s law of requisite variety allows a comparison of systems with their environments, providing a necessary (but not sufficient) condition for system efficacy: A system must possess at least as much complexity as any set of environmental behaviors that require distinct responses from the system. However, to account…
TF Varley, A Luppi, I Pappas, L Naci + 4 more
The brain is possibly the most complex system known to mankind, and its complexity has been called upon to explain the emergence of consciousness. However, complexity can take many forms: here, we investigate measures of algorithmic and process complexity in both the temporal and topological dimension, testing them on…
Xiaoming Mao, Nicholas A. Kotov
Nature hosts a wealth of materials showcasing intricate structures intertwining order, disorder, and hierarchy, delivering resilient multifunctionality surpassing perfect crystals or simplistic disordered materials. The engineering of such materials through nanoparticle assembly represents a burgeoning field, poised…
Frank Emmert-Streib, Enrico Scalas
Background The evaluation of the complexity of an observed object is an old but outstanding problem. In this paper we are tying on this problem introducing a measure called statistic complexity. Methodology/Principal Findings This complexity measure is different to all other measures in the following senses. First, it…
Dragutin T. Mihailović, Gordan Mimić, Emilija Nikolić-Ðorić, Ilija Arsenić
'Ilija Arsenić'] 1 Faculty of Agriculture, Division of Meteorology and Biophysics, University of Novi Sad, Dositeja Obradovica Sq. 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia 2 Faculty of Sciences, Department of Physics, University of Novi Sad, Dositeja Obradovica Sq. 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia 3 Faculty of Agriculture, Division of…
Adrian Krzyzanowski, Axel Pahl, Michael Grigalunas, Herbert Waldmann
The fraction of sp3 hybridised carbons (Fsp3) and the fraction of stereogenic carbons (FCstereo) are two widely employed scores of molecular complexity with a strong link to biologically relevant features such as frequency, potency and selectivity of protein binding. However, due to their simplistic nature, they do not…
Haoyu Wang, Changqing Song, Peichao Gao, Javier Borge-Holthoefer
Complexity and entropy play crucial roles in understanding dynamic systems across various disciplines. Many intuitively perceive them as distinct measures and assume that they have a concave-down relationship. In everyday life, there is a common consensus that while entropy never decreases, complexity does decrease…
Jun Kitazono, Ryota Kanai, Masafumi Oizumi
To understand the nature of the complex behavior of the brain, one important step is to identify “cores” in the brain network, where neurons or brain areas strongly interact with each other. Cores can be considered as essential sub-networks for brain functions. In the last few decades, an information-theoretic approach…
Roberto C. Sotero, Lazaro M. Sanchez-Rodriguez, Narges Moradi
The complexity of brain activity has been observed at many spatial scales and there exists increasing evidence supporting its use in differentiating between mental states and disorders. Here we proposed a new measure of network (global) complexity that is constructed as the sum of the complexities of its nodes (i.e…
Jakub Nowosad, Tomasz F. Stepinski
Comparing a large number of landscapes calls for using the smallest possible set of landscape metrics. The overall complexity of land-scape pattern is the single most important metric, but the standard set of landscape metrics lacks the bona fide indicator of complexity. Demonstrate that information theory provides a…
Eric Smith, Harrison B. Smith, Jakob Lykke Andersen
We consider problems in the functional analysis and evolution of combinatorial chemical reaction networks as rule-based, or three-level systems. The first level consists of rules, realized here as graph-grammar representations of reaction mechanisms. The second level consists of stoichiometric networks of molecules and…
Authors not listed
Active assembly of matter is a defining trait of living systems, enabling the creation of far-from-equilibrium materials essential for the functionality of life. This is achieved through energy-dissipative, multi-step processes facilitated by various biomolecular agents for chemical and mechanical assembly of matter.…
Brittany Story, Biswajit Sadhu, Henry Adams, Aurora Clark
Recent work (J. Chem. Phys. 154, 114114) has demonstrated that sublevelset persistent homology provides a compact representation of the complex features of an energy landscape in $3N$-dimensions. This includes information about all transition paths between local minima (connected by critical points of index > 1), and…
Yoshiharu Mukouyama, Kenya Tanaka, Shuji Nakanishi, Yoshihiro Nakato
The present work reveals that a prebiotic chemical system can generate self-organizing ability that leads to highly ordered structures and an active character such as free independent harmonious behavior. This result is the properties of natural things that have long been overlooked since Darwin’s theory of evolution…
Authors not listed
Sequence is the critical determinant of macromolecular function, yet current polymer design approaches often optimize monomer composition and ratios while ignoring sequence. This creates poorly defined design spaces for active learning that miss the vast combinatorial landscape of sequence possibilities. We introduce…
Martina Crippa, Claudio Perego, Anna de Marco, Giovanni M. Pavan
Supramolecular polymers are composed of monomers that self-assemble non-covalently, generating distributions of monodimensional fibres in continuous communication with each other and with the surrounding solution. Fibres, exchanging molecular species, and external environment constitute a sole complex system, which…