18 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Bum-Rak Choi, Ohad Ziv, Guy Salama
Background and significance The specialized conduction system (SCS) of the heart was extensively studied to understand the synchronization of atrial and ventricular contractions, the large atrial to His bundle (A-H) delay through the atrioventricular node (AVN), and delays between Purkinje (P) and ventricular (V)…
Robert Egger, Yevhen Tupikov, Kalman A. Katlowitz, Sam E. Benezra + 5 more
Sequential activation of neurons has been observed during various behavioral and cognitive processes and is thought to play a critical role in their generation. Here, we studied a circuit in the songbird forebrain that drives the performance of adult courtship song. In this region, known as HVC, neurons are…
Tim C. Hladnik, Jan Grewe, Frédéric E. Theunissen
Studies on population coding implicitly assume that spikes from the presynaptic cells arrive simultaneously at the integrating neuron. In natural neuronal populations, this is usually not the case-neuronal signaling takes time and populations cover a certain space. The spread of spike arrival times depends on…
Yang Zhang, Dirk Bucher, Farzan Nadim, Frances K Skinner
Axonal conduction velocity can change substantially during ongoing activity, thus modifying spike interval structures and, potentially, temporal coding. We used a biophysical model to unmask mechanisms underlying the history-dependence of conduction. The model replicates activity in the unmyelinated axon of the…
Michael Ryne Horn, Nathaniel Liam Lazorchak, Usama Kalim Khan, Ken Yoshida + 1 more
'Ken Yoshida' 'Carlo Colosimo'] Background/Objectives: Low-frequency alternating current (LFAC) has been shown to induce nerve conduction block (LFACb). However, the effects of LFAC on conduction delay prior to block remain unclear. This study investigates the impact of LFACb on conduction velocity and blocking…
S. Berman, S. Filo, A. A. Mezer
Conduction of action potentials along myelinated axons is affected by their structural features, such as the axonal g-ratio, the ratio between the inner and outer diameters of the myelin sheath surrounding the axon. The effect of g-ratio variance on conduction properties has been quantitatively evaluated using…
Afroditi Talidou, Jérémie Lefebvre
Axons in the mammalian brain show significant diversity in myelination motifs, displaying spatial heterogeneity in sheathing along individual axons and across brain regions. However, its impact on neural signaling and susceptibility to injury remains poorly understood. To address this, we leveraged cable theory and…
Afroditi Talidou, Paul W. Frankland, Donald Mabbott, Jérémie Lefebvre
Activity-dependent myelination is the mechanism by which myelin changes as a function of neural activity, and plays a fundamental role in brain plasticity. Mediated by structural changes in glia, activity-dependent myelination regulates axonal conduction velocity. It remains unclear how neural activity impacts…
Akihiko Akao, Sho Shirasaka, Yasuhiko Jimbo, Bard Ermentrout + 1 more
'Kiyoshi Kotani'] Cross-frequency coupling (CFC), where the amplitude of a fast neuronal oscillation is modulated by a second slower frequency, is thought to play an important role in long-range communication across distant brain regions. However, neither the mechanism of its generation nor the influence on spiking…
Florian Jousset, Ange Maguy, Stephan Rohr, Jan P. Kucera
Fibrotic myocardial remodeling is typically accompanied by the appearance of myofibroblasts (MFBs). In vitro, MFBs were shown to slow conduction and precipitate ectopic activity following gap junctional coupling to cardiomyocytes (CMCs). To gain further mechanistic insights into this arrhythmogenic MFB-CMC crosstalk…
Stephen Coombes, Rüdiger Thul, Stefan Ruschel, Rachel Nicks
We develop a theory of phase-locked activity in delayed spiking networks using the Haken Lighthouse model as an analytically tractable event-based description of neural dynamics. For networks with fixed delays, we derive self-consistency conditions for phase-locked states and an associated linear stability theory…
N. Williams, A. Ojanperä, F. Siebenhühner, B. Toselli + 4 more
Large-scale networks of phase synchronization are considered to regulate the communication between brain regions fundamental to cognitive function, but the mapping to their structural substrates, i.e., the structure-function relationship, remains poorly understood. Biophysical Network Models (BNMs) have demonstrated…
Akke Mats Houben
Neurons are connected to other neurons by axons and dendrites that conduct signals with finite velocities, resulting in delays between the firing of a neuron and the arrival of the resultant impulse at other neurons. Since delays greatly complicate the analytical treatment and interpretation of models, they are usually…
Vladimir A. Ivanov, Ioannis Polykretis, Konstantinos P. Michmizos
— Increasing experimental evidence suggests that axonal action potential conduction velocity is a highly adaptive parameter in the adult central nervous system. Yet, the effects of this newfound plasticity on global brain dynamics is poorly understood. In this work, we analyzed oscillations in biologically plausible…
Alireza Nadafian, Mohammad Ganjtabesh
The plasticity of the conduction delay between neurons plays a fundamental role in learning. However, the exact underlying mechanisms in the brain for this modulation is still an open problem. Understanding the precise adjustment of synaptic delays could help us in developing effective brain-inspired computational…
Matheus Hansen, Paulo R. Protachevicz, Kelly C. Iarosz, Iberê L. Caldas + 2 more
'Iberê L. Caldas' 'Antônio M. Batista' 'Elbert E. N. Macau'] We study the time delay in the synaptic conductance for suppression of spike synchronisation in a random network of Hodgkin Huxley neurons coupled by means of chemical synapses. In the first part, we examine in detail how the time delay acts over the network…
Kert Tamm, Tanel Peets, Jüri Engelbrecht
The classical Hodgkin-Huxley model describes the propagation of an axon potential (AP) in unmyelinated axons. In many cases the axons have a myelin sheath and the experimental studies have then revealed significant changes in the velocity of APs. In this paper, a theoretical model is proposed describing the AP…
Kartik Sau, Shigeyuki Takagi, Tamio Ikeshoji, Kazuaki Kisu + 5 more
All-solid-state battery (ASSB) is a possible alternative to the conventional Li-ion battery (LIB). ASSB, consisting of solid-fast-ion-conducting electrolytes and electrodes, can surpass LIB in terms of energy density, battery safety, specific power, and fast-charging capability. A highly conductive solid electrolyte is…