19 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Lia Schilling, Jana Kaden, Isabel Bán, Birte Berger-Höger + 1 more
Background Many patients with cancer want to be involved in healthcare decisions. For adequate participation, awareness of one’s own desires and preferences and sufficient knowledge about medical measures are indispensable. In order to support patient participation, a decision guide for patients with cancer was…
Mirjam M. Garvelink, Julie Emond, Matthew Menear, Nathalie Brière + 6 more
'Adriana Freitas' 'Laura Boland' 'Maria Margarita Becerra Perez' 'Louisa Blair' 'Dawn Stacey' 'France Légaré'] Plain English summary For the elderly to get the care and services they need, they may need to make the difficult decision about staying in their home or moving to another home. Many other people may be…
Kanthee Anantapong, Andrea Bruun, Anne Walford, Christina H. Smith + 3 more
4## DISCUSSION We applied systematic and transparent methods to develop a decision guide to be used by families and professionals covering nutrition and hydration for people with severe dementia in acute hospitals. We used various sources of evidence including a systematic review and interview and workshop studies, the…
Debodeep Banerjee, Stefano Teso, Burcu Sayin Grunel, Andrea Passerini
'Andrea Passerini'] There is increasing interest in developing AIs for assisting human decision making in high-stakes tasks, such as medical diagnosis, for the purpose of improving decision quality and reducing cognitive strain. Mainstream approaches team up an expert with a machine learning model to which safer…
Gayle Restall, Francis Diaz, Patrick Faucher, Kerstin Roger
Moreover, participants noted that the Decision Guide could make it easier for peers to help other community members living with HIV struggling with workplace disclosure. As one community member stated, ‘I will give (it to a peer) and …recommend “go to this … it might be helpful for you”’ (P5). The idea of people using…
Patrick Schwaferts, Thomas Augustin
Some scientific research questions ask to guide decisions and others do not. By their nature frequentist hypothesis-tests yield a dichotomous test decision as result, rendering them rather inappropriate for latter types of research questions. Bayes factors, however, are argued to be both able to refrain from making…
Aaron M. Bornstein, Mel W. Khaw, Daphna Shohamy, Nathaniel D. Daw
We provide evidence that decisions are made by consulting memories for individual past experiences, and that this process can be biased in favor of past choices using incidental reminders. First, in a standard rewarded choice task, we show that a model that estimates value at decision-time using individual samples of…
John P. Fox, Paul J. Krause
The ability to reason under uncertainty and with incomplete information is a fundamental requirement of decision support technology. In this paper we argue that the concentration on theoretical techniques for the evaluation and selection of decision options has distracted attention from many of the wider issues in…
Samuel Holtzman, John S. Breese
This paper discusses the use of uncertain knowledge in eipert systems. The discussion is focused on the use of these systems to support decision making in complei, uncertain environments. Within this conteit, our research indicates that strictly probabilistic representations, which enable the use or decision-theoretic…
Camilla Kao, Che-I Kao
Recently we proposed that mission statements incorporating the concept of reducing uncertainty could provide a framework for learning the bread and depth of information that exists about health and safety. We briefly explained the definition of uncertainty in the context of health and safety, with the unifying…
Authors not listed
Climate change mitigation is driving growing innovation in bio-materials production technologies, with a focus on improving their environmental sustainability. This study presents a decision-support framework based on a careful integration of technical requirements, implemented in a process digital twin and life cycle…
Sophia Gimple, Maxime Verwoert, Laura Marras, Paul Weger + 7 more
Decision-making is an essential cognitive function. It can be impaired due to a number of neurological and psychiatric disorders as well as external factors such as time pressure or stress. To assist users during decision-making, we propose a decision-making brain computer interface (BCI) that can alert to uninformed…
Seungbeom Seo, Seungji Lee, Nayoung Lee, Sung-Phil Kim
Choice overload occurs when an ever-growing number of options impairs decision quality, because evaluating options taxes cognitive resources. We investigated whether reducing cognitive demand could mitigate overload by encouraging greater cognitive effort to achieve optimal choice. We conducted two experiments…
Peter J. Regan, Samuel Holtzman
This paper describes the architecture of R&D Analyst, a commercial intelligent decision system for evaluating corporate research and development projects and portfolios. In analyzing projects, R&D Analyst interactively guides a user in constructing an influence diagram model for an individual research project. The…
Yalin Li, John Trimmer, Steven Hand, Xinyi Zhang + 6 more
The pursuit of sustainability has catalyzed broad investment in the research, development, and deployment (RD&D) of innovative water, sanitation, and resource recovery technologies, yet the lack of transparent and agile methodologies to navigate the expansive landscape of technology development pathways remains a…
Samuel J. Gershman
In order to discover the most rewarding actions, agents must collect information about their environment, potentially foregoing reward. The optimal solution to this “explore-exploit” dilemma is computationally intractable, but principled algorithmic approximations exist. These approximations utilize uncertainty about…
Claire A. Symanski, John H. Bladon, Emi T. Kullberg, Paul Miller + 1 more
Memory-guided decision making involves long-range coordination across sensory and cognitive brain networks, with key roles for the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC). To investigate these coordination mechanisms, we monitored activity in hippocampus (CA1), PFC, and olfactory bulb in rats performing an odor-place…
Rafael Polanía, Michael Woodford, Christian C. Ruff
Preference-based decisions are essential for survival, for instance when deciding what we should (not) eat. Despite their importance, choices based on preferences are surprisingly variable and can appear irrational in ways that have defied mechanistic explanations. Here we propose that subjective valuation results from…
Authors not listed
Mass spectrometry-based natural products targeted discovery often relies on a complicated decision-making process involving tedious comparison of exact masses data and tandem mass spectra-based annotation tools output against various spectral reference libraries. To address this bottleneck, we present tandem mass…