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Search · four archives
18 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Koen J. van Benthem, Meike J. Wittmann
Population density affects fitness through various processes, such as mate finding and competition. The fitness of individuals in a population can in turn affect its density, making population density a key quantity linking ecological and evolutionary processes. Density effects are, however, rarely homogeneous.…
Jason Bertram, Joanna Masel
Selection is commonly described by assigning constant relative fitness values to genotypes. Yet population density is often regulated by crowding. Relative fitness may then depend on density, and selection can change density when it acts on a density-regulating trait. When strong density-dependent selection acts on a…
Tapio Mappes, Minna Koivula, Esa Koskela, Tuula A. Oksanen + 3 more
'Tiina Savolainen' 'Barry Sinervo' 'Tom Tregenza'] Negative frequency-dependence, which favors rare genotypes, promotes the maintenance of genetic variability and is of interest as a potential explanation for genetic differentiation. Density-dependent selection may also promote cyclic changes in frequencies of…
Dustin Brisson
Persistent genetic variation within populations presents an evolutionary problem, as natural selection and genetic drift tend to erode genetic diversity. Models of balancing selection were developed to account for the maintenance of genetic variation observed in natural populations. Negative frequency-dependent…
Ewan J. A. Minter, Phillip C. Watts, Chris D. Lowe, Michael A. Brockhurst
'Michael A. Brockhurst'] Natural populations of free-living protists often exhibit high-levels of intraspecific diversity, yet this is puzzling as classic evolutionary theory predicts dominance by genotypes with high fitness, particularly in large populations where selection is efficient. Here, we test whether negative…
Srikant Venkitachalam, Chinmay Temura, Ramesh Kokile, Amitabh Joshi
The theory of density-dependent selection posits that genotypic fitness can vary depending on the population density. Several long-term selection experiments on outbred populations of Drosophila adapted to chronically high larval densities have shown that the most common evolutionary response of such rearing is an…
Laure Olazcuaga, Brett. A Melbourne, Scott W. Nordstrom, Ruth A Hufbauer
Evolutionary rescue allows populations to adapt and persist despite severe environmental change. While well studied under density-independent conditions, the role of density dependence, including competition, remains unclear. Theoretical models offer conflicting predictions, with density dependence either increasing…
Snigdhadip Dey, Joy Bose, Amitabh Joshi
Density-dependent selection is expected to lead to population stability, especially if r and K tradeoff. Yet, there is no empirical evidence of adaptation to crowding leading to the evolution of stability. We show that populations of Drosophila ananassae selected for adaptation to larval crowding have higher K and…
Dustin Brisson
This preprint has been reviewed and recommended by Peer Community in Evolutionary Biology (http://dx.doi.org/1024072/pci,evolbiol.100024). The existence of persistent genetic variation within natural populations presents an evolutionary problem as natural selection and genetic drift tend to erode genetic diversity.…
Erik I. Svensson, Tim Connallon
Frequency-dependent (FD) selection is a central process maintaining genetic variation and mediating evolution of population fitness. FD selection has attracted interest from researchers in a wide range of biological subdisciplines, including evolutionary genetics, behavioural ecology and, more recently, community…
Krzysztof Argasiński, Mark Broom
Modern developments in population dynamics emphasize the role of the turnover of individuals. In the new approaches stable population size is a dynamic equilibrium between different mortality and fecundity factors instead of an arbitrary fixed carrying capacity. The latest replicator dynamics models assume that…
Joanna Masel
Competitions can occur on an absolute scale, to be faster or more efficient, or they can occur on a relative scale, to "beat" one's competitor in a zero-sum game. Ecological models have focused on absolute competitions, in which optima exist. Classic evolutionary models such as the Wright-Fisher model, as well as more…
Steven A. Frank
Natural selection acts on traits at different scales, often with opposing consequences. This article identifies the particular forces that act at each scale and how those forces combine to determine the overall evolutionary outcome. A series of extended models derive from the tragedy of the commons, illustrating…
Lynn Govaert, Emanuel A. Fronhofer, Sébastien Lion, Christophe Eizaguirre + 10 more
'Christophe Eizaguirre' 'Dries Bonte' 'Martijn Egas' 'Andrew P. Hendry' 'Ayana de Brito Martins' 'Carlos J. Melián' 'Joost A. M. Raeymaekers' 'Irja I. Ratikainen' 'Bernt‐Erik Sæther' 'Jennifer A. Schweitzer' 'Blake Matthews'] - 1 Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology, Evolution and Conservation, KU Leuven, Deberiotstraat 32…
Sabrina B. L. Araújo, Marcelo Eduardo Borges, Francisco W. von Hartenthal, Leonardo Ré Jorge + 3 more
'Francisco W. von Hartenthal' 'Leonardo Ré Jorge' 'Thomas M. Lewinsohn' 'Paulo R. Guimarães' 'Minus van Baalen'] Many theoretical models have been formulated to better understand the coevolutionary patterns that emerge from antagonistic interactions. These models usually assume that the attacks by the exploiters are…
Authors not listed
Biological systems like long-lived clonal organisms, holobionts and clades challenge traditional evolutionary thinking since they adapt without populations or reproduction. This paper aims to provide an overarching theoretical framework which encompasses standard Darwinian evolution as well as other processes of…
Jonas Verhellen
In recent years, there have been considerable academic and industrial research efforts to develop novel generative models for high-performing, small molecules. Traditional, rules-based algorithms such as genetic algorithms [Jensen, Chem. Sci., 2019, 12, 3567-3572] have, however, been shown to rival deep learning…
Joseph W Abbott, Felix Hanke
We present a kinetic approach to the Monte Carlo-molecular dynamics (MC-MD) method for simulating reactive liquids using non-reactive forcefields. A graphical reaction representation allows definition of reactions of arbitrary complexity, including their local solvation environment. Reaction probabilities and molecular…