22 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Isabella Bustanoby, Andrew Krupien, Umaima Afifa, Benjamin Asdell + 26 more
Visual perception plays a critical role in navigating 3D space and extracting semantic information crucial to survival. Even though visual stimulation on the retina is fundamentally 2D, we seem to perceive the world around us in vivid 3D effortlessly. This reconstructed 3D space is allocentric and faithfully represents…
Vivek Nityananda, Jenny C. A. Read
Stereopsis is the computation of depth information from views acquired simultaneously from different points in space. For many years, stereopsis was thought to be confined to primates and other mammals with front-facing eyes. However, stereopsis has now been demonstrated in many other animals, including lateral-eyed…
Qiang Liu, Shuai Li, Qiang Yang, Caihong Dai + 5 more
Background: With the widespread application of three-dimensional (3D) display technology, enhancing the realism of users’ experience in virtual 3D space has become important. A deep understanding of the mechanisms of human depth perception is therefore crucial. Objective: This study aims to investigate the influence of…
Sophie Kergaßner, Taimoor Tariq, Piotr Didyk
To navigate 3D space, humans rely on a number of different depth cues, each being suitable and dominant in specific scenarios. For example, while we mostly rely on stereopsis (binocular vision), convergence, and accommodation for close objects, we primarily use the cue of aerial perspective for very distant targets…
Dooyoung Kim, Jin-Seok Hong, Heejeong Ko, Woontack Woo
Fig. 1: (a) Top view and (b) side view of a wall display-based XR space. Human cognitive ability enables perceiving the image on a large wall display as an extended virtual space (a, c) within an estimated depth perception zone (b, d), with the appropriate ratio of a virtual depth (dv) to a physical distance (dp) at a…
Frédéric Devernay, Paul Beardsley
Stereoscopic cinema has seen a surge of activity in recent years, and for the first time all of the major Hollywood studios released 3-D movies in 2009. This is happening alongside the adoption of 3-D technology for sports broadcasting, and the arrival of 3-D TVs for the home. Two previous attempts to introduce 3-D…
Gilles Clément, Anna Skinner, Corinna Lathan
Exposure to microgravity during spaceflight is known to elicit orientation illusions, errors in sensory localization, postural imbalance, changes in vestibulo-spinal and vestibulo-ocular reflexes, and space motion sickness. The objective of this experiment was to investigate whether an alteration in cognitive…
Paul B. Hibbard, Alice E. Haines, Rebecca L. Hornsey
Our perception of depth is substantially enhanced by the fact that we have binocular vision. This provides us with more precise and accurate estimates of depth and an improved qualitative appreciation of the three-dimensional (3D) shapes and positions of objects. We assessed the link between these quantitative and…
Gurjot Singh, Stephen R. Ellis, J. Edward Swan
—Many augmented reality (AR) applications operate within near-field reaching distances, and require matching the depth of a virtual object with a real object. The accuracy of this matching was measured in three experiments, which examined the effect of focal distance, age, and brightness, within distances of 33.3 to 50…
Carlo Campagnoli, Fulvio Domini, Jordan A. Taylor
Motor learning in visuomotor adaptation tasks results from both explicit and implicit processes, each responding differently to an error signal. While the motor output side of these processes is extensively studied, their visual input side is relatively unknown. We investigated if and how depth perception affects the…
Dhanraj Vishwanath
The dominant inferential approach to human 3D perception assumes a model of spatial encoding based on a physical description of objects and space. Prevailing models based on this physicalist approach assume that the visual system infers an objective, unitary and mostly veridical representation of the external world.…
Jovan T. Kemp, Evan Cesanek, Fulvio Domini
The fundamental question of how the brain derives 3D information from the inherently ambiguous visual input has been approached during the last two decades with probabilistic theories of 3D perception. Probabilistic models, such as the Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) model, derive from multiple independent depth…
Samuel P. Smithers, Yulong Shao, James Altham, Peter J. Bex
Crowding occurs when highly visible objects are rendered unrecognizable in the presence of nearby features. Several studies have demonstrated that crowding can be reduced by depth differences between target and flanking features, which challenges the assumption of real-world significance because real objects typically…
Paul Linton
Since Kepler and Descartes in the early-1600s, vision science has been committed to a triangulation model of stereo vision. But in the early-1800s, we realized that disparities are responsible for stereo vision. And we have spent the past 200 years trying to shoe-horn disparities back into the triangulation account.…
Robert Kerschner, Rakesh John Amala Arokia Nathan, Rafał Mantiuk, Oliver Bimber
'Oliver Bimber'] Both humans and computational methods struggle to discriminate the depths of objects hidden beneath foliage. However, such discrimination becomes feasible when we combine computational optical synthetic aperture sensing with the human ability to fuse stereoscopic images. For object identification…
Henry Railo, Joni Saastamoinen, Sipi Kylmälä, Aapo Peltola
Frontal eyes are one of the defining features of primates. The horizontal separation of the eyes enables accurate calculation of depth which greatly improves eye-hand coordination – this is considered the key factor driving the evolution of frontal eyes. Although binocular disparity also results in a tangible…
Jianyi Yang, Jianbo Ye, Ankan Dash, Guiling Wang
By comparing biological and artificial perception through the lens of illusions, we highlight critical differences in how each system constructs visual reality. Understanding these divergences can inform the development of more robust, interpretable, and human-aligned artificial intelligence (AI) vision systems. In…
Robert Konrad, Anastasios N. Angelopoulos, Gordon Wetzstein
We next measured the effect of ocular parallax on perceptual realism. Twenty-one adults participated in the experiment (age range 22– 43, 4 females), of which two were excluded for failing to follow instructions. Stimuli and Conditions. A 3D scene (Fig. 8, left) was presented to the right eye with conventional, ocular…
J. Farley Norman, Jessica L. Lewis, Alejandro B. Ramirez, Emily N. Bryant + 2 more
Many previous studies have investigated visual distance perception, especially for small to moderate distances. Few experiments, however, have evaluated the perception of large distances (e.g., 100 m or more). The studies that have been conducted have found conflicting results (diametrically opposite conclusions). In…
Morfoisse Theo, Herrera Altamira Gabriela, Angelini Leonardo, Clément Gilles + 3 more
Human 3D perception of visual objects is flawed by distortions, which are influenced by non-visual factors, such as gravitational vestibular signals. Whether gravity acts specifically on the visual system or at a higher, modality-independent, level of information processing remains unknown. To test these…
Qi Zhou, Brendan Wirtz, Tracy Schloemer, Michael Burroughs + 7 more
Ultraviolet (UV) light can trigger a plethora of useful photochemical reactions for diverse applications, including photocatalysis, photopolymerization, and drug delivery. These applications typically require penetration of high energy photons deep into materials, yet delivering these photons beyond the surface is…
Kelsey Hatzell, Yanjie Zheng
X-ray Computed Tomography (CT) is a non-invasive, non-destructive approach to imaging materials, material systems and engineered components in two- and three- dimensions. Acquisition of 3D images requires the collection of hundreds or thousands of through-thickness X-ray radiographic images from different angles. Such…