22 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Pedro Jurado de los Santos, Antonio-José Moreno-Guerrero, José-Antonio Marín-Marín, Rebeca Soler Costa
'José-Antonio Marín-Marín' 'Rebeca Soler Costa'] The term “equity” (EQUI) is a complex concept to be defined, because it depends on many factors, mainly political ideals. The objective of this research is to determine the evolution and development of the term equity in education by the scientific community. The main…
Zahra Rooddehghan, Alireza Nikbakht Nasrabadi, Zohreh Parsa Yekta
Equity in health is one of key objectives in health care systems world wide. This study aimed to explain the perspective of Iranian nurses about equity in the health care system. A qualitative exploratory design with thematic analysis approach was used to collect and analyze data. Using a purposeful sampling helped the…
Stéphane Debove, Nicolas Baumard, Jean-Baptiste André
Equity, defined as reward according to contribution, is considered a central aspect of human fairness in both philosophical debates and scientific research. Despite large amounts of research on the evolutionary origins of fairness, the evolutionary rationale behind equity is still unknown. Here, we investigate how…
Karmel S. Shehadeh, Lawrence Snyder
We consider issues of equity in stochastic facility location models for healthcare applications. We explore how uncertainty exacerbates inequity and examine several equity measures that can be used for stochastic healthcare location modeling. We analyze the limited literature on this subject and highlight areas of…
Ninareh Mehrabi, Yuzhong Huang, Fred Morstatter
Machine learning systems have been shown to propagate the societal errors of the past. In light of this, a wealth of research focuses on designing solutions that are "fair." Even with this abundance of work, there is no singular definition of fairness, mainly because fairness is subjective and context dependent. We…
Hervé Lebret
I describe in this report equity allocation in startups based on more than 400 real cases, most of them being companies which went public or had filed to go public. Such companies disclose a lot of information in the documents they must provide before their initial public offering (IPO) and in particular they describe…
James Avoka Asamani, Samuel Anongiba Alugsi, Hamza Ismaila, Juliet Nabyonga-Orem + 1 more
'Juliet Nabyonga-Orem' 'Pedram Sendi'] The notion of equity in health service delivery has been embodied in several of the Global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), especially the aspiration for universal health coverage (UHC). At the same time, escalating healthcare costs amidst dwindling resources continue to…
Seyun Kim, Yuanchen Bai, Haiyi Zhu, Motahhare Eslami
Fairness: Navigating the Complexities and Nuances of Equity Research Authors: ['Seyun Kim' 'Yuanchen Bai' 'Haiyi Zhu' 'Motahhare Eslami'] Equity is crucial to the ethical implications in technology development. However, implementing equity in practice comes with complexities and nuances. In response, the research…
Laurent Bartholdi, Wade Hann-Caruthers, Maya Josyula, Omer Tamuz + 1 more
'Leeat Yariv'] May's Theorem (1952), a celebrated result in social choice, provides the foundation for majority rule. May's crucial assumption of symmetry, often thought of as a procedural equity requirement, is violated by many choice procedures that grant voters identical roles. We show that a weakening of May's…
Dakota Murray, Kyle Siler, Vincent Larivière, Wei Mun Chan + 3 more
The robustness of scholarly peer review has been challenged by evidence of disparities in publication outcomes based on author gender and nationality. To address this, we examined the peer review outcomes of 23,876 initial submissions and 7,192 full submissions that were submitted to the biosciences journal eLife…
Nathan C. Lo, Sam Heft-Neal, Jean T. Coulibaly, Leslie Leonard + 2 more
Mass deworming against soil-transmitted helminthiasis (STH) is a hallmark program in the neglected tropical diseases portfolio that is designed to be equitable and “pro-poor”. However, the extent to which current deworming treatment programs achieve equitable coverage across wealth class and gender remains unclear, and…
Yue Li, Jie Hu, Christian C. Ruff, Xiaolin Zhou
In the history of humanity, most conflicts within and between societies have originated from perceived inequality in resource distribution. How humans achieve and maintain distributive justice has therefore been an intensely studied issue. However, most research on the corresponding psychological processes has focused…
Jiawen Li, Xingyu Zhao, Su Wang, Yuwen Chen
Enterprise innovation investment is influenced by the actions of innovation subjects, whereas regulating shareholders’ equity pledge behavior facilitates innovation investment and finance but also carries dangers and affects enterprise innovation investment. Methods:This paper builds an unbalanced panel model to…
Marie E. Portuallo, David Y. Lu, Gretchen M. Alicea, Joel Bolling + 7 more
Last October, within the 2021 SMR congress, we held the inaugural Diversity in Science Session. The goal of the session was to discuss diversity, equity, and inclusion in the melanoma research community and strategies to promote the advancement of underrepresented melanoma researchers. An international survey was…
Mingzhe Qiao, Saihong Chen, Shiwei Xu, Haijun Yang
Equity incentive, as an institutional arrangement for the coordination of the interests of shareholders and managers, has been widely implemented by public companies in developed capital markets throughout Europe and America. However, does it work and/or when might it be more effective in emerging market economies such…
Daniel D Reidpath, Anna Elisabet Olafsdottir, Subhash Pokhrel, Pascale Allotey
'Pascale Allotey'] In the health systems literature one can see discussions about the trade off between the equity achievable by the system and its efficiency. Essentially it is argued that as greater health equity is achieved, so the level of efficiency will diminish. This argument is borrowed from economics…
Authors not listed
People of color in the United States are disproportionately and unfairly exposed to air pollution. Equity-oriented scientific evaluations quantifying these disparities often use population-average exposure metrics to capture the overall inequality within a system. Utilizing these metrics involves choices about the…
Authors not listed
In the United States, people of color are disproportionately and unjustly exposed to air pollution. Historically, environmental policy has emphasized aggregate emission reductions; yet major emission reduction scenarios do not sufficiently mitigate relative exposure disparities. Here, we show that without focusing on…
Yue Xie, Tianhui Wang, Jinhua Zhang, Na Wang + 1 more
'Chenguel Mohamed Bechir'] Based on the perspective of performance pressure, we explore the influence of controlling shareholders’ share pledge on excessive financialization behavior of enterprises and its internal mechanism. The results show that the share pledge of controlling shareholders is positively correlated…
Libby Koolik, Álvaro Alvarado, Amy Budahn, Laurel Plummer + 2 more
As policymakers increasingly focus on environmental justice, a key question is whether emissions reductions aimed at addressing air quality or climate change can also ameliorate persistent air pollution exposure disparities. We examine evidence from California's aggressive vehicle emissions control policy from…
Authors not listed
We estimate the emission density of directly emitted (primary) nitrogen oxides (NOX) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) from on-road vehicle traffic for each census block in the United States (U.S.) and use these data as a new spatially refined and computationally efficient exposure surrogate. Our analysis using block…
MARCO TODISCO
Determining the distribution of multiple chemical species at equilibrium for a given system is a common problem that must be routinely addressed by scholars. While simple systems consisting of a few species and reactions can be solved manually, most of these problems require the definition and solution of higher-order…