22 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
José Hernández-Orallo, Bao Sheng Loe, Lucy Cheke, Fernando Martínez-Plumed + 1 more
'Fernando Martínez-Plumed' 'Seán Ó hÉigeartaigh'] Success in all sorts of situations is the most classical interpretation of general intelligence. Under limited resources, however, the capability of an agent must necessarily be limited too, and generality needs to be understood as comprehensive performance up to a…
Julien Dubois, Paola Galdi, Lynn K. Paul, Ralph Adolphs
Individual people differ in their ability to reason, solve problems, think abstractly, plan and learn. A reliable measure of this general ability, also known as intelligence, can be derived from scores across a diverse set of cognitive tasks. There is great interest in understanding the neural underpinnings of…
Robert J. Sternberg
Intelligence typically is defined as consisting of “adaptation to the environment” or in related terms. Yet, it is not clear that “general intelligence” or g, traditionally conceptualized in terms of a general factor in a psychometrically-based hierarchical model of intelligence, provides an optimal way of defining…
Aslan S Dizaji, Mohammad-Reza Khodaei, Hamid Soltanian-Zadeh
Natural intelligence is one of the vastly explored research areas in cognitive science. Its evolution and manifestation through behavioral patterns in animal kingdom have been extensively investigated. Since early days of cognitive sciences, there have been considerable efforts to simulate intelligent behaviors through…
Olga Sánchez de Ribera, Nicholas Kavish, Ian M. Katz, Brian B. Boutwell
Substantial research has investigated the association between intelligence and psychopathic traits. The findings to date have been inconsistent and have not always considered the multi-dimensional nature of psychopathic traits. Moreover, there has been a tendency to confuse psychopathy with other closely related…
Athanasios S. Drigas, Chara Papoutsi
Emotional Intelligence (EI) has been an important and controversial topic during the last few decades. Its significance and its correlation with many domains of life has made it the subject of expert study. EI is the rudder for feeling, thinking, learning, problem-solving, and decision-making. In this article, we…
Gautham Venkatasubramanian, Sibesh Kar, Abhimanyu K. Singh, Shubham Mishra + 2 more
'Shubham Mishra' 'Dushyant Yadav' 'Shreyansh Chandak'] To build general-purpose artificial intelligence systems that can deal with unknown variables across unknown domains, we need benchmarks that measure how well these systems perform on tasks they have never seen before. A prerequisite for this is a measure of a…
Bruno Hebling Vieira, Gustavo Santo Pedro Pamplona, Karim Fachinello, Alice Kamensek Silva + 2 more
Human intelligence is one of the main objects of study in cognitive neuroscience. Reviews and meta-analyses have proved to be fundamental to establish and cement neuroscientific theories on intelligence. The prediction of intelligence using in vivo neuroimaging data and machine learning has become a widely accepted and…
W. D. Hill, G. Davies, A. M. McIntosh, C. R. Gale + 1 more
Intelligence, or general cognitive function, is phenotypically and genetically correlated with many traits, including many physical and mental health variables. Both education and household income are strongly genetically correlated with intelligence, at r_g_ =0.73 and r_g_ =0.70 respectively. This allowed us to…
Jesse Helton, Michael G. Vaughn, Nicholas Kavish, Brian B. Boutwell
To date, a substantial body of research exists suggesting an association between indicators of intelligence and various deleterious outcomes, including externalizing and internalizing behavioral problems. Much of this research, however, has focused on samples drawn from the general population, thus it remains less…
Roman V. Yampolskiy
"A human being should be able to change a diaper, plan an invasion, butcher a hog, conn a ship, design a building, write a sonnet, balance accounts, build a wall, set a bone, comfort the dying, take orders, give orders, cooperate, act alone, solve equations, analyze a new problem, pitch manure, program a computer, cook…
Victoria M. Bryan, John D. Mayer
The Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) or three-stratum model of intelligence envisions human intelligence as a hierarchy. General intelligence (g) is situated at the top, under which are a group of broad intelligences such as verbal, visuospatial processing, and quantitative knowledge that pertain to more specific areas of…
Paul S. Yaworsky
Order exists in the world. The intelligence process enables us to realize that order, to some extent. We provide a high level description of intelligence using simple definitions, basic building blocks, a conceptual framework and general hierarchy. This perspective includes multiple levels of abstraction occurring in…
Robert J. Sternberg, Sareh Karami
This article introduces a 6P framework for understanding intelligence, as well as the theories and tests that are derived from it. The 6Ps in the framework are purpose, press, problems, persons, processes, and products underlying intelligence. Each of the 6Ps is considered in turn. We argue that although the purpose of…
Michael Hochberg
Intelligence is a human construct to represent the ability to achieve goals. Given this wide berth, intelligence has been defined countless times, studied in a variety of ways and represented using numerous measures. Understanding intelligence ultimately requires theory and quantification, both of which have proved…
Emmanuel M. Pothos, Dominic Widdows
Human achievement, whether in culture, science, or technology, is unparalleled in the known existence. This achievement is tied to the enormous communities of knowledge, made possible by language: leaving theological content aside, it is very much true that '᾿Εν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ λόγος' (in the beginning was the word), and…
Robert J. Sternberg
This article explores the advantages of viewing intelligence not as a fixed trait residing within an individual, but rather as a person × task × situation interaction. The emphasis in the article is on the role of persons solving tasks embedded in situations involving learning, intellectual abilities, and competencies.…
Karl Fezer, Andrew N. Sloss
Intelligence is a fundamental part of all living things, as well as the foundation for Artificial Intelligence. In this primer we explore the ideas associated with intelligence and, by doing so, understand the implications and constraints and potentially outline the capabilities of future systems. Artificial…
Kan Hatakeyama-Sato, Naoki Yamane, Yasuhiko Igarashi, Yuta Nabae + 1 more
This paper evaluates the capabilities and limitations of the Generative Pre-trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) in chemical research. Although GPT-4 exhibits remarkable proficiencies, it is evident that the quality of input data significantly affects its performance. We explore GPT-4's potential in chemical tasks, such as…
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The value of generative artificial intelligence (AI) for teaching and learning is currently hotly debated. Concerns regarding the accuracy of information produced by generative AI as well as student over-reliance on this tool coexist with excitement about tailored opportunities that AI may provide for educational…
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Generative artificial intelligence (AI) tools such as large language models (LLMs) have become ubiquitous in everyday life, and are also increasingly finding applications in the chemical sciences. Although LLMs have achieved impressive performance on many chemistry tasks, optimal performance requires proper use…
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Machine olfaction—the artificial replication of the sense of smell—faces significant challenges due to the absence of large, standardized training datasets. Unlike vision, language, and audio models, which benefit from extensive corpora such as ImageNet, GLUE, and AudioSet, olfaction lacks scaled equivalents and…