21 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Maria Jarymowicz
What determines whether someone has a one-sided view of the world or perceives both the negative and positive aspects of something? To understand the factors which determine the extent to which human judgments are absolute we have to take into account studies of conscious and non-conscious information processing…
Richard Patterson, Jared Rothstein, Aron K. Barbey
Recent Social Intuitionist work suggests that moral judgments are intuitive (not based on conscious deliberation or any significant chain of inference), and that the reasons we produce to explain or justify our judgments and actions are for the most part post hoc rationalizations rather than the actual source of those…
Benjamin Miranda Tabak, Liziane Angelotti Meira, Ana Clarissa Masuko dos Santos Araujo, Aline Guiotti Garcia + 1 more
We identify and present Brazil’s most common behavioral and heuristic biases in judicial decision-making. Through bibliographic and specific cases, we notice the occurrence of the representativeness heuristic, availability heuristic, anchoring heuristic (anchoring effect), confirmation bias, and affect heuristic bias…
Vincent Berthet
The author reviewed the research on the impact of cognitive biases on professionals’ decision-making in four occupational areas (management, finance, medicine, and law). Two main findings emerged. First, the literature reviewed shows that a dozen of cognitive biases has an impact on professionals’ decisions in these…
Amaryllis-Chryssi Malegiannaki, Athanasios Chatzopoulos, Konstantinos Tsagkaridis
Heuristics, characterized as concise cognitive shortcuts rooted in intuitive reasoning, are both capable of facilitating swift judgments and cognitive efficiency, but also introducing cognitive biases during decision-making. The judicial domain, renowned for its demanding decision-making processes, is an interesting…
Başak Oral, Pierre Dragicevic, Alexandru Telea, Evanthia Dimara
—Is it true that if citizens understand hurricane probabilities, they will make more rational decisions for evacuation? Finding answers to such questions is not straightforward in the literature because the terms "judgment" and "decision making" are often used interchangeably. This terminology conflation leads to a…
Dobromir Rahnev, Rachel Denison
Human perception is increasingly described as optimal. This view reflects recent successes of Bayesian approaches to perception but ignores an extensive literature documenting suboptimal performance in perceptual tasks. Here we review several classes of suboptimal perceptual decisions, including improper placement…
Jongwoo Seo
Perspective Authors: ['Jongwoo Seo'] Kant's Critique of Pure Reason, a major contribution to the history of epistemology, proposes a table of categories to elucidate the structure of the a priori principle of human judgment. The technology of artificial intelligence (AI), based on functionalism, claims to simulate or…
Bartosz W. Wojciechowski, Emmanuel M. Pothos
Classical probability theory (CPT) has represented the rational standard for decision making in human cognition. Even though CPT has provided many descriptively excellent decision models, there have also been some empirical results persistently problematic for CPT accounts. The tension between the normative…
Long Luu, Alan A. Stocker
Categorical judgments can systematically bias the perceptual interpretation of stimulus features. However, it remained unclear whether categorical judgments directly modify working memory representations or, alternatively, generate these biases via an inference process down-stream from working memory. To address this…
Eve Florianne Fabre, Damien Mouratille, Vincent Bonnemains, Grazia Pia Palmiotti + 1 more
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is on the verge of impacting every domain of our lives. It is increasingly being used as an advisor to assist in making decisions. The present study aimed at investigating the influence of moral arguments provided by AI-advisors (i.e., decision aid tool) on human moral decision-making and…
Charvi Rastogi, Yunfeng Zhang, Dennis Wei, Kush R. Varshney + 2 more
'Amit Dhurandhar' 'Richard Tomsett'] Several strands of research have aimed to bridge the gap between artificial intelligence (AI) and human decision-makers in AI-assisted decision-making, where humans are the consumers of AI model predictions and the ultimate decision-makers in high-stakes applications. However…
Anne Löffler, Ariel Zylberberg, Michael N. Shadlen, Daniel M. Wolpert
Deciding how difficult it is going to be to perform a task allows us to choose between tasks, allocate appropriate resources, and predict future performance. To be useful for planning, difficulty judgments should not require completion of the task. Here we examine the processes underlying difficulty judgments in a…
Stina Bergman Blix, Nina Törnqvist
Autonomy and independence are key features of legal decision-making. Yet, decision-making in court is fundamentally interactional and collective, both during the information gathering phase of hearings, and in evaluations during deliberations. Depending on legal system and type of court, deliberations can include…
William C. Kidder, Jason D’Cruz, Kush R. Varshney
Advances in the performance of large language models (LLMs) have led some researchers to propose the emergence of theory of mind (ToM) in artificial intelligence (AI). LLMs can attribute beliefs, desires, intentions, and emotions, and they will improve in their accuracy. Rather than employing the characteristically…
Alexander V. Gavrilenko, Katerina Morozova
Machine common sense remains a broad, potentially unbounded problem in artificial intelligence (AI). There is a wide range of strategies that can be employed to make progress on this challenge. This article deals with the aspects of modeling commonsense reasoning focusing on such domain as interpersonal interactions.…
Jianmin Zeng, Dinglan Tang, Jia Yu, Qinglin Zhang + 1 more
Intuition and deliberation are two strategies for problem-solving and decision-making. It is commonly believed that deliberation requires more effort than intuition. However, to date, neural evidence approving or disapproving this point is scarce. To explore this issue, we asked participants to play two well-matched…
Lance B. Eliot
Legal Judgment Prediction (LJP) is a longstanding and open topic in the theory and practice-of-law. Predicting the nature and outcomes of judicial matters is abundantly warranted, keenly sought, and vigorously pursued by those within the legal industry and also by society as a whole. The tenuous act of generating…
Authors not listed
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) structure determination is an important problem in education, industry, and research. Solving NMR spectra requires expert knowledge, critical thinking, and careful evaluation of multiple features of spectral data. This study explores the capabilities of large language models (LLMs) for…
Christina Humer, Rachel Nicholls, Henry Heberle, Moritz Heckmann + 7 more
Chemical reaction optimization (RO) is an iterative process that results in large and high-dimensional datasets. Current tools only allow for limited analysis and understanding of parameter spaces, making it hard for scientists to review or follow changes throughout the process. With the recent emergence of using…
Iiris Sundin, Alexey Voronov, Haoping Xiao, Kostas Papadopoulos + 5 more
A de novo molecular design workflow can be used together with technologies such as reinforcement learning to navigate the chemical space. A bottleneck in the workflow that remains to be solved is how to integrate human feedback in the exploration of the chemical space to optimize molecules. A human drug designer still…