25 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Oskar H Schnaack, Armita Nourmohammad
The adaptive immune system in vertebrates consists of highly diverse immune receptors to mount specific responses against a multitude of pathogens. A central feature of the adaptive immune system is the ability to form a memory to act more efficiently in future encounters with similar pathogens. However, memory…
Victor Chardès, Massimo Vergassola, Aleksandra M. Walczak, Thierry Mora
In order to target threatening pathogens, the adaptive immune system performs a continuous reorganization of its lymphocyte repertoire. Following an immune challenge, the B cell repertoire can evolve cells of increased specificity for the encountered strain. This process of affinity maturation generates a memory pool…
Xueqiang Zeng, Sufen Chen
With the rapid development of science and technology, ultrasound has been paid more and more attention by people, and it is widely used in engineering, diagnosis, and detection. In this paper, an ultrasonic image recognition method based on immune algorithm is proposed for ultrasonic images, and its method is applied…
Ruirui Zhang, Tao Li, Xin Xiao, Yuanquan Shi
Existing artificial immune optimization algorithms reflect a number of shortcomings, such as premature convergence and poor local search ability. This paper proposes a danger-theory-based immune network optimization algorithm, named dt-aiNet. The danger theory emphasizes that danger signals generated from changes of…
Victor Chardès, Massimo Vergassola, Aleksandra M. Walczak, Thierry Mora
'Thierry Mora'] In order to target threatening pathogens, the adaptive immune system performs a continuous reorganization of its lymphocyte repertoire. Following an immune challenge, the B cell repertoire can evolve cells of increased specificity for the encountered strain. This process of affinity maturation generates…
Mingan Wang, Shuo Feng, Jianming Li, Zhonghua Li + 2 more
'Dongliang Guo'] This paper proposes an artificial immune network based on cloud model (AINet-CM) for complex function optimization problems. Three key immune operators-cloning, mutation, and suppression-are redesigned with the help of the cloud model. To be specific, an increasing half cloud-based cloning operator is…
Oskar H Schnaack, Armita Nourmohammad
The adaptive immune system provides a diverse set of molecules that can mount specific responses against a multitude of pathogens. Memory is a key feature of adaptive immunity, which allows organisms to respond more readily upon re-infections. However, differentiation of memory cells is still one of the least…
Obinna Ukogu, Zachary Montague, Grégoire Altan‐Bonnet, Armita Nourmohammad
1 Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Washington, 4182 W Stevens Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA 2 Department of Physics, University of Washington, 3910 15th Avenue Northeast, Seattle, WA 98195, USA 3 Immunodynamics Group, Laboratory of Integrative Cancer Immunology, Center for Cancer Research, National…
Wencel Valega-Mackenzie, Marisabel Rodriguez Messan, Osman N. Yogurtcu, Ujwani Nukala + 2 more
The advancements in next-generation sequencing have made it possible to effectively detect somatic mutations, which has led to the development of personalized neoantigen cancer vaccines that are tailored to the unique variants found in a patient’s cancer. These vaccines can provide significant clinical benefit by…
Béatrice Laupèze, Giuseppe Del Giudice, Mark T. Doherty, Robbert Van der Most
'Robbert Van der Most'] The primary goal of vaccination is the prevention of pathogen-specific infection. The indirect consequences may include maintenance of homeostasis through prevention of infection-induced complications; trained immunity that re-programs innate cells to respond more efficiently to later, unrelated…
Robert Marsland, Owain W. Howell, Andreas Mayer, Pankaj Mehta
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play a crucial role in mediating immune response. Yet an algorithmic understanding of the role of Tregs in adaptive immunity remains lacking. Here, we present a biophysically realistic model of Treg mediated self-tolerance in which Tregs bind to self-antigens and locally inhibit the…
Yexing Chen, Wei, Qingyun, Zhe Dong + 1 more
Yexing Chen1 ∗ , Qingyun Wei 3 , Zhongxiang Dong 1 , Peng Cao1,2 ∗ 1 State Key Laboratory of Technologies for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process Control and Intelligent Manufacture, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210000, PR China 2 Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Research of…
Authors not listed
This paper explores the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in enabling in silico clinical trials (ISCTs) for vaccine development. ISCTs, which simulate clinical trials using virtual patient cohorts, offer a cost-effective, ethical, and efficient alternative to traditional methods. AI significantly…
Javier Burgos-Salcedo
A qualitative mathematical model of the notion of immunocompetence is developed, based on the formalism of Memory Evolutive Systems (MES), from which, immunocompetence is defined as an emergent structure of a higher order arising from the signal networks that are established between effector cells and molecules of the…
Authors not listed
The intricate bidirectional communication between mitochondria and the gut microbiota – termed mitochondria-microbiome crosstalk – plays a pivotal role in regulating host metabolism, immune responses, and overall physiological homeostasis. Emerging evidence highlights how microbial-derived metabolites, such as…
Maria Bzówka, Weronika Bagrowska, Artur Góra
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are transmembrane proteins which recognise various molecular patterns and activate signalling that triggers the immune response. In this review, our goal was to summarise how, in recent years, various computational solutions contributed to a better understanding of TLRs, regarding both their…
Rumiana Tenchov, Qiongqiong Angela Zhou
Inverse vaccines are a new and exciting approach to treating autoimmune diseases. Unlike traditional vaccines that train the immune system to fight off pathogens, inverse vaccines aim to reprogram the immune system to stop attacking healthy tissues.
Susmita Roy, Biman Bagchi
Clinical studies have indicated that in malignant surveillances fluctuations in the population of certain effector T-cell repertoire become suppressed. Motivated by such observations and in an attempt to quantify adaptive human response to pathogens, we define an immune response function (IMRF) in terms of mean square…
Ruyuan Wang, Caini Lan, Kamel Benlagha, Niels Olsen Saraiva Camara + 9 more
'Heather Miller' 'Masato Kubo' 'Steffen Heegaard' 'Pamela Lee' 'Lu Yang' 'Huamei Forsman' 'Xingrui Li' 'Zhimin Zhai' 'Chaohong Liu'] Title: Abstract The innate immune system serves as the body's first line of defense, utilizing pattern recognition receptors like Toll-like receptors to detect pathogens and initiate…
Xiaoping Chen
Objective The immunology field has long been short of a universally applicable theoretical model that can quantitatively describe the immune response, and the theory of immune equilibrium (balance) is usually limited to the interpretation of the philosophical significance of immune phenomena. Therefore, it is necessary…
Kavita Iyer, Julian Ivanov, Rumiana Tenchov, Krittika Ralhan + 4 more
Rapid and sustained growth in the field of immuno-oncology has resulted in expansion of available scientific literature. Gaining valuable insights and establishing deep and often hidden meaningful connections in such a large body of work is the need of the hour. In this report we summarize our findings from a novel…
Christian Mauffette Denis, Victoria Mochulska, Maya Dagher, Vincent Verbavatz + 3 more
The immune system’s most basic task is to decide what is “self” and “non-self”, but a precise definition of self versus non-self remains challenging. According to the discontinuity theory of immunity, effector responses depend on how quickly an antigenic stimulus changes: rapid change triggers an immune response…
Cristiano Calonaci, Ferdinando Chiacchio, Francesco Pappalardo
Background Immunological strategies that achieve the prevention of tumor growth are based on the presumption that the immune system, if triggered before tumor onset, could be able to defend from specific cancers. In supporting this assertion, in the last decade active immunization approaches prevented some…
liu wenzhong, li hualan
The high mortality of COVID-19 is related to poor antigen presentation and lymphopenia. In this present study, domain search results showed that many proteins of the SARS-COV-2 virus had MHC-like domains, which were similar to decoys for the human immune system. MHC-like structures could bind to MHC receptors of immune…
Authors not listed
Despite $100 billion in investment and more than 100,000 publications, nanomedicine translation fails primarily at biological validation, not at synthesis or characterization. We present the first systematic technology readiness assessment across autonomous nanomedicine components, revealing a critical finding: while…