23 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Heike Felzmann, Eduard Fosch-Villaronga, Christoph Lutz, Aurelia Tamò-Larrieux
In this article, we develop the concept of Transparency by Design that serves as practical guidance in helping promote the beneficial functions of transparency while mitigating its challenges in automated-decision making (ADM) environments. With the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) and the ability of AI systems to…
Mahmood Khosrowjerdi
Information transparency is a major building block of responsible governments. We explored factors influencing the information transparency of 117 world nations. After controlling for the effects of confounding variables of wealth (GDP per capita), corruption rate, population density, human capital, and…
Jos Zuijderwijk, Iris Beerepoot, Thomas Martens, Eva Knies + 2 more
'Tanja van der Lippe' 'Hajo A. Reijers'] Abstract. Government transparency, widely recognized as a cornerstone of open government, depends on robust information management practices. Yet effective assessment of information management remains challenging, as existing methods fail to consider the actual working behavior…
Tahani Alsaedi, Nada Sherief, Keith Phalp, Raian Ali
Teleworking refers to the utilization of information and communication technologies for work done outside the workplace. The Covid-19 crisis led to increased utilisation of social networking tools within enterprises, especially when working remotely. The aim of their use is often to improve situational awareness…
Jos Zuijderwijk, Iris Beerepoot, Thomas Martens, Eva Knies + 2 more
Freedom of Information (FOI) laws aim to increase government transparency, yet existing assessments focus mainly on legal compliance and procedural outcomes, leaving organizational behavior underexamined. As FOI processes are increasingly mediated through digital information systems, public response data offer traces…
Rishi Bommasani, Kevin Klyman, Shayne Longpre, Sayash Kapoor + 4 more
'Nestor Maslej' 'Betty Xiong' 'Daniel Zhang' 'Percy Liang'] Foundation models have rapidly permeated society, catalyzing a wave of generative AI applications spanning enterprise and consumer-facing contexts. While the societal impact of foundation models is growing, transparency is on the decline, mirroring the opacity…
Nicole Lüthi, Christian Rodriguez Perez, Kirsten Persson, Bernice Simone Elger + 2 more
'Bernice Simone Elger' 'David Shaw' 'Giuseppe Biagini'] Simple Summary Simple Summary: In Switzerland, the importance of transparency in animal experimentation is emphasized by the Swiss Federal Council, in recognition of the public’s great interest in this matter. Current Swiss law requires institutions and the…
Balazs Aczel, Barnabas Szaszi, Alexandra Sarafoglou, Zoltan Kekecs + 63 more
'Šimon Kucharský' 'Daniel Benjamin' 'Christopher D. Chambers' 'Agneta Fisher' 'Andrew Gelman' 'Morton A. Gernsbacher' 'John P. Ioannidis' 'Eric Johnson' 'Kai Jonas' 'Stavroula Kousta' 'Scott O. Lilienfeld' 'D. Stephen Lindsay' 'Candice C. Morey' 'Marcus Munafò' 'Benjamin R. Newell' 'Harold Pashler' 'David R. Shanks'…
Dave Murray-Rust, Kars Alfrink, Cristina Zaga
Artificial intelligence has become a part of the provision of governmental services, from making decisions about benefits to issuing fines for parking violations. However, AI systems rarely live up to the promise of neutral optimisation, creating biased or incorrect outputs and reducing the agency of both citizens and…
Rose E. O’Dea, Timothy H. Parker, Yung En Chee, Antica Culina + 12 more
Unreliable research programmes waste funds, time, and even the lives of the organisms we seek to help and understand. Reducing this waste and increasing the value of scientific evidence require changing the actions of both individual researchers and the institutions they depend on for employment and promotion. While…
Valentin Zieglmeier, Alexander Pretschner
We think the conflict between data protection and increasingly data-based systems should be solved differently. When access to data is given, all usages should be made transparent to the data subjects. This enables their data sovereignty, allowing individuals to benefit from sensible data usage while addressing…
Stylianos Serghiou, Despina G. Contopoulos-Ioannidis, Kevin W. Boyack, Nico Riedel + 2 more
Recent concerns about the reproducibility of science have led to several calls for more open and transparent research practices and for the monitoring of potential improvements over time. However, with tens of thousands of new biomedical articles published per week, manually mapping and monitoring changes in…
J.L. Hyde, A.C. Swanson, S.A. Bohlman, S. Athayde + 2 more
New infrastructure projects are planned or under construction in several countries, including in the bioculturally diverse Amazon, Mekong, and Congo regions. While infrastructure development can improve human health and living standards, it may also lead to environmental degradation and social change. Accessible, high…
Philipp Geiger
Clearly, socio-economic freedom requires some extent of transparency regarding the implications of choices. In this paper, we review some established mechanisms for achieving such transparency, without any claim to completeness, and briefly discuss potential future directions. Our investigation is structured by four…
Amaryllis Mavragani, Donald Willison, Johannes van Delden, Annabelle Cumyn + 5 more
Background Secondary use of health data has reached unequaled potential to improve health systems governance, knowledge, and clinical care. Transparency regarding this secondary use is frequently cited as necessary to address deficits in trust and conditional support and to increase patient awareness. Objective We…
Slavka Baronikova, Jim Purvis, Eric Southam, Julie Beeso + 2 more
Sponsors of clinical trials have ethical obligations to register protocols, to report study results and to comply with applicable legal requirements. To evaluate public commitments to trial disclosure and rates of disclosure by members and non-members of the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and…
Paul Lindhout, Genserik Reniers, Lucian-Ionel Cioca
Transparency about health and safety risks is a complex societal, moral, ethical and political concept. Full transparency does not come natural for any of the key stakeholder groups: organizations, authorities and the people. If safety information is not sufficiently shared between them, people and the environment can…
Authors not listed
Scientific discovery relies on innovative software as much as experimental methods, especially in proteomics, where computational tools are essential for mass spectrometer setup, data analysis, and interpretation. Since the introduction of SEQUEST, proteomics software has grown into a complex ecosystem of algorithms…
Manuel Spitschan, Marlene H. Schmidt, Christine Blume
“Open science” is an umbrella term describing various aspects of transparent and open science principles. The adoption of open science principles at different levels of the scientific process (e.g., individual researchers, laboratories, institutions) has been rapidly changing the scientific research landscape in the…
Authors not listed
Raman spectroscopy is an increasingly powerful and fast-growing analytical technique across diverse disciplines, from materials science and chemistry to biology and medicine, thanks to advances in Raman instrumentation and greatly supported by the flourishing of chemometrics and artificial intelligence (AI). However…
Ian A. Fladie, Sheridan Evans, Jake Checketts, Daniel Tritz + 2 more
Scientific research is replete with poor accessibility to data, materials, and protocol, which limits the reproducibility of a study. Transparency with regard to materials, protocols, and raw data sets enhances reproducibility by providing the critical information necessary to verify, replicate, and resynthesize…
Authors not listed
The discoverability and reusability of data is critical for machine learning to drive new discovery in the chemical sciences, and the ‘FAIR Guiding Principles for scientific data management and stewardship’ provide a measurable set of guidelines that can be used to ensure the accessibility of reusable data. We…
Authors not listed
The nanosafety domain has seen significant advancements in data generation and sharing, yet challenges remain in ensuring data interoperability and reuse. This article focuses on developing a semantic interoperability framework for nanosafety data to maximize the FAIRness (Findability, Accessibility, Interoperability…