26 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Natalia A. Goriounova, Huibert D. Mansvelder
What is the neurobiological basis of human intelligence? The brains of some people seem to be more efficient than those of others. Understanding the biological foundations of these differences is of great interest to basic and applied neuroscience. Somehow, the secret must lie in the cells in our brain with which we…
Julien Dubois, Paola Galdi, Lynn K. Paul, Ralph Adolphs
Individual people differ in their ability to reason, solve problems, think abstractly, plan and learn. A reliable measure of this general ability, also known as intelligence, can be derived from scores across a diverse set of cognitive tasks. There is great interest in understanding the neural underpinnings of…
Luca Rinaldi, Annette Karmiloff-Smith, Andreas Demetriou, George Spanoudis
'George Spanoudis'] The concept of intelligence encompasses the mental abilities necessary to survival and advancement in any environmental context. Attempts to grasp this multifaceted concept through a relatively simple operationalization have fostered the notion that individual differences in intelligence can often…
Paul S. Yaworsky
Order exists in the world. The intelligence process enables us to realize that order, to some extent. We provide a high level description of intelligence using simple definitions, basic building blocks, a conceptual framework and general hierarchy. This perspective includes multiple levels of abstraction occurring in…
Robert J. Sternberg
This article explores the advantages of viewing intelligence not as a fixed trait residing within an individual, but rather as a person × task × situation interaction. The emphasis in the article is on the role of persons solving tasks embedded in situations involving learning, intellectual abilities, and competencies.…
Tiago Buatim Nion Da Silveira, Heitor Silvério Lopes
This paper aims to address the divergences and contradictions in the definition of intelligence across different areas of knowledge, particularly in computational intelligence and psychology, where the concept is of significant interest. Despite the differences in motivation and approach, both fields have contributed…
Bruno Hebling Vieira, Gustavo Santo Pedro Pamplona, Karim Fachinello, Alice Kamensek Silva + 2 more
Human intelligence is one of the main objects of study in cognitive neuroscience. Reviews and meta-analyses have proved to be fundamental to establish and cement neuroscientific theories on intelligence. The prediction of intelligence using in vivo neuroimaging data and machine learning has become a widely accepted and…
Emmanuel M. Pothos, Dominic Widdows
Human achievement, whether in culture, science, or technology, is unparalleled in the known existence. This achievement is tied to the enormous communities of knowledge, made possible by language: leaving theological content aside, it is very much true that '᾿Εν ἀρχῇ ἦν ὁ λόγος' (in the beginning was the word), and…
Karl Fezer, Andrew N. Sloss
Intelligence is a fundamental part of all living things, as well as the foundation for Artificial Intelligence. In this primer we explore the ideas associated with intelligence and, by doing so, understand the implications and constraints and potentially outline the capabilities of future systems. Artificial…
Michael Hochberg
Intelligence is a human construct to represent the ability to achieve goals. Given this wide berth, intelligence has been defined countless times, studied in a variety of ways and represented using numerous measures. Understanding intelligence ultimately requires theory and quantification, both of which have proved…
Robert J. Sternberg, Sareh Karami
This article introduces a 6P framework for understanding intelligence, as well as the theories and tests that are derived from it. The 6Ps in the framework are purpose, press, problems, persons, processes, and products underlying intelligence. Each of the 6Ps is considered in turn. We argue that although the purpose of…
Rebecca Engler, Christina Stammen, Stefan Arnau, Javier Schneider Penate + 16 more
Intelligence is associated with important life outcomes. Behavioral, genetic, structural, and functional brain correlates of intelligence have been studied for decades, but questions remain as to how genetics are related to trait expression and what intermediary role brain properties play. This study investigated these…
Katherine L. Bottenhorn, Jessica E. Bartley, Michael C. Riedel, Taylor Salo + 9 more
Academic performance relies, in part, on intelligence; however, intelligence quotient (IQ) is limited in predicting academic success. Furthermore, while the search for the biological seat of intelligence predates neuroscience itself, its findings remain conflicting. Here, we assess the interplay between IQ, academic…
Kieran Greer
– Our understanding of intelligence is directed primarily at the level of human beings. This paper attempts to give a more unifying definition that can be applied to the natural world in general. The definition would be used more to verify a degree of intelligence, not to quantify it and might help when making…
Chandra Sripada, Mike Angstadt, Saige Rutherford
Identifying brain-based markers of general cognitive ability, i.e., “intelligence”, has been a longstanding goal of cognitive and clinical neuroscience. Previous studies focused on relatively static, enduring features such as gray matter volume and white matter structure. In this report, we investigate prediction of…
David L. Barack, Andrew Jaegle
We argue that intelligence — construed as the disposition to perform tasks successfully—is a property of systems composed of agents and their contexts. This is the thesis of extended intelligence. We argue that the performance of an agent will generally not be preserved if its context is allowed to vary. Hence, this…
Victoria M. Bryan, John D. Mayer
The Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) or three-stratum model of intelligence envisions human intelligence as a hierarchy. General intelligence (g) is situated at the top, under which are a group of broad intelligences such as verbal, visuospatial processing, and quantitative knowledge that pertain to more specific areas of…
Lisa A. Suzuki, Taymy J. Caso, Aysegul Yucel, Ahad Asad + 1 more
'Haruka Kokaze'] The geological epoch of the Anthropocene has challenged traditional definitions of what intellectual abilities are necessary to creatively problem-solve, understand, and address contemporary societal and environmental crises. If we hope to make meaningful changes to how our society addresses these…
Jonas A. Thiele, Joshua Faskowitz, Olaf Sporns, Kirsten Hilger
A growing body of research predicts individual cognitive ability from brain characteristics including functional brain connectivity. Most of this research aims for high prediction performances but lacks insight into neurobiological processes underlying the predicted concepts. Here, we encourage designing predictive…
Kieran Greer
This paper1 looks at Turing's postulations about Artificial Intelligence in his paper 'Computing Machinery and Intelligence', published in 1950. It notes how accurate they were and how relevant they still are today. This paper notes the arguments and mechanisms that he suggested and tries to expand on them further. The…
Authors not listed
This article proposes a three-level classification of artificial intelligence (AI) application in chemical sciences, reflecting the increasing degree of technology involvement in scientific and production processes: from automation of routine tasks (the level of "AI Assistant"), to the creation of specialized…
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The rapid progress in Artificial Intelligence (AI) has led to extraordinary achievements across various domains, significantly impacting every aspect of daily life. This advancement is also revolutionizing research in numerous scientific areas, particularly within bioinformatics, chemistry, pharmaceuticals, and…
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Machine olfaction—the artificial replication of the sense of smell—faces significant challenges due to the absence of large, standardized training datasets. Unlike vision, language, and audio models, which benefit from extensive corpora such as ImageNet, GLUE, and AudioSet, olfaction lacks scaled equivalents and…
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As the utilization of artificial intelligence (AI) and generative AI (GenAI) is expanding in the educational field, presenting significant implications for STEM disciplines, it is bringing opportunities to enhance how chemistry and chemical engineering are taught and learned. This perspective critically explores the…
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Artificial intelligence (AI) is reshaping chemical engineering. Still, its role in safety-critical operations is limited because we rarely see tools that link physical models with data-driven methods. This study brings together three elements: physics-constrained neural networks, uncertainty quantification, and a…
Jürgen Bajorath, Ana L. Chávez-Hernández, Miquel Duran-Frigola, Eli Fernández-de Gortari + 13 more
Jürgen Bajorath 2 , Ana L. Chávez-Hernández 1 , Miquel Duran-Frigola 3 , Eli Fernández-de Gortari 4 , Johann Gasteiger 5 , Edgar López-López1,6 , Gerald M. Maggiora 15 , José L. Medina-Franco 1 , Oscar Méndez-Lucio 7 , Jordi Mestres8,9 , Ramón Alain Miranda-Quintana 10 , Tudor I. Oprea 16 , Fabien Plisson 11 , Fernando…