20 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Alexey Pimashkin, Arseniy Gladkov, Ekaterina Agrba, Irina Mukhina + 1 more
'Victor Kazantsev'] Sensory information can be encoded using the average firing rate and spike occurrence times in neuronal network responses to external stimuli. Decoding or retrieving stimulus characteristics from the response pattern generally implies that the corresponding neural network has a selective response to…
Carter Blair, Ben Armstrong, Shiri Alouf-Heffetz, Nimrod Talmon + 1 more
A primary goal of online deliberation platforms is to identify ideas that are broadly agreeable to a community of users through their expressed preferences. Yet, consensus elicitation should ideally extend beyond the specific statements provided by users and should incorporate the relative salience of particular…
Germán Mendoza, Juan Carlos Méndez, Oswaldo Pérez, Luis Prado + 1 more
'Hugo Merchant'] Perceptual categorization depends on the assignment of different stimuli to specific groups based, in principle, on the notion of flexible categorical boundaries. To determine the neural basis of categorical boundaries, we record the activity of pre-SMA neurons of monkeys executing an interval…
Mark Mazurek, Marisa Kager, Stephen D. Van Hooser
Neurons in the visual cortex of all examined mammals exhibit orientation or direction tuning. New imaging techniques are allowing the circuit mechanisms underlying orientation and direction selectivity to be studied with clarity that was not possible a decade ago. However, these new techniques bring new challenges…
Irene Togoli, Domenica Bueti, Michele Fornaciai
Magnitude dimensions such as duration and numerosity have been shown to systematically interact, biasing each other in a congruent fashion: the more numerous a set of items is, the longer it is perceived to last in time. This integration between dimensions plays an important role in defining how we perceive magnitude.…
Nichel Gonzalez, Ola Svenson, Magnus Ekström, Bengt Kriström + 2 more
'Mats E. Nilsson' 'Piers D. L. Howe'] Measurements of human attitudes and perceptions have traditionally used numerical point judgments. In the present study, we compared conventional point estimates of weight with an interval judgment method. Participants were allowed to make step by step judgments, successively…
A. K. Vidybida
A mechanism is proposed for increasing selectivity of olfactory bulb projection neurons as compared to the olfactory receptor neurons, which could operate under low odor concentration, when the lateral inhibition mechanism becomes inefficient. The mechanism proposed is based on the threshold-type reaction to stimuli a…
Gabriel D. Puccini, Albert Compte, Miguel Maravall, Justin Harris
Neurons throughout the rat vibrissa somatosensory pathway are sensitive to the angular direction of whisker movement. Could this sensitivity help rats discriminate stimuli? Here we use a simple computational model of cortical neurons to analyze the robustness of directional selectivity. In the model, directional…
Yongjoo Park, Shucheng Zhong, Barzan Mozafari
Estimating the selectivity of a query is a key step in almost any cost-based query optimizer. Most of today's databases rely on histograms or samples that are periodically refreshed by re-scanning the data as the underlying data changes. Since frequent scans are costly, these statistics are often stale and lead to poor…
Elle van Heusden, Wieske van Zoest, Mieke Donk, Christian N. L. Olivers
'Christian N. L. Olivers'] Human vision involves selectively directing the eyes to potential objects of interest. According to most prominent theories, selection is the quantal outcome of an ongoing competition between saliency-driven signals on the one hand, and relevance-driven signals on the other, with both types…
Ehtibar N. Dzhafarov, Janne V. Kujala
| 1 | | Probability, Random Variables, and Selectivity | page 1 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | | 1.1 | What is it about? | 1 | | | 1.2 | What is a random variable? | 9 | | | 1.3 | Jointly distributed random variables | 12 | | | 1.4 | Random variables in the narrow sense | 18 | | | 1.5 | Functions of random variables |…
Authors not listed
Ion channels selectively transfer ions across cell membranes, yet the precise basis of selectivity remains unresolved. Acid-Sensing Ion Channels (ASICs), part of the sodium-selective ENaC/DEG family, are implicated in processes such as pain, fear, memory, and cancer. Like other sodium channels, ASICs permit partially…
Sergei Gepshtein, Ambarish Pawar, Sunwoo Kwon, Sergey Savel’ev + 1 more
The traditional view of neural computation in the cerebral cortex holds that sensory neurons are specialized, i.e., selective for certain dimensions of sensory stimuli. This view was challenged by evidence of contextual interactions between stimulus dimensions in which a neuron’s response to one dimension strongly…
Authors not listed
Selective detection of specific volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is crucial for health, safety, and environmental applications, but current sensors suffer from poor selectivity and struggle to measure specific VOCs in the presence of interfering compounds and water vapor. To address this issue, we introduce the…
Ali Almasi, Hamish Meffin, Shaun L. Cloherty, Yan Wong + 2 more
Visual object identification requires both selectivity for specific visual features that are important to the object’s identity and invariance to feature manipulations. For example, a hand can be shifted in position, rotated, or contracted but still be recognised as a hand. How are the competing requirements of…
Rickard, John T., Dembski, William A. + 2 more
—Bayesian inference is widely used in many different fields to test hypotheses against observations. In most such applications, an assumption is made of precise input values to produce a precise output value. However, this is unrealistic for real-world applications. Often the best available information from subject…
Austin Kuo, Justin L Gardner, Elisha P Merriam
While the mouse visual system is known to differ substantially from the primate, if the two systems share computational principles, then generalization of results across species may still be possible. One prominent difference is that orientation selectivity is found in mouse superficial superior colliculus (SC), but is…
Tatsuki Sekino
Time periods are frequently used to specify time in metadata and retrieval. However, it is not easy to describe and retrieve information about periods, because the temporal ranges represented by periods are often ambiguous. This is because these temporal ranges do not have fixed beginning and end points. To solve this…
Authors not listed
Synthetic ion transporters hold promise as both chemical probes and potential therapeutics for diseases linked to malfunctioning protein ion transporters. However, their application in biological systems is limited, partly due to the cytotoxicity arising from unselective ion transport. Here, we demonstrate that by…
Tianmu Yuan, Maria Grazia De Angelis, Lev Sarkisov
The Robeson bound is a theoretical limit that applies to kinetics-driven membrane separations of gas mixtures. However, this bound does not apply to sorption-driven membrane processes such as CO$_\text{2}$/N$_\text{2}$ separation, which lacks a theoretical explanation. As a result, we are uncertain about the factors…