19 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Guangzheng Li, Lijuan Wang
Research on action memory has been pursued for more than 30 years, but it is still unclear what drives the recollection process of performed actions. In this study, we used the remember/know paradigm and designed two experiments to examine the relation between item-specific processing and retrieval awareness of…
Minyu Chang, Charles Brainerd
Judgments of learning (JOLs) reactivity refers to the finding that the mere solicitation of JOLs modifies subsequent memory performance. One theoretical explanation is the item-specific processing hypothesis, which posits that item-level JOLs redound to the benefit of later memory performance because they enhance…
Sally Binks, Ryan Brydges, Nicole Woods, Jaimie Coleman + 2 more
Introduction Testing prior knowledge has been found to enhance learning new, related information. In this paper, we report on the development of a multiple-choice question (MCQ) test of basic science knowledge designed to elicit a particular kind of cognitive processing-distinctive processing-that, we argue, may be…
Malte Kobelt, Verena R. Sommer, Attila Keresztes, Markus Werkle-Bergner + 1 more
The distinctiveness of neural information representation is crucial for successful memory performance but declines with advancing age. Computational models implicate age-related neural dedifferentiation on the level of item representations, but previous studies mostly focused on age differences of categorical…
Mark J. Huff, Glen E. Bodner, Jonathan M. Fawcett
We review and meta-analyze how distinctive encoding alters encoding and retrieval processes and, thus, affects correct and false recognition in the Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm. Reductions in false recognition following distinctive encoding (e.g., generation), relative to a nondistinctive read-only control…
Hyojeong Kim, Margaret L. Schlichting, Alison R. Preston, Jarrod A. Lewis-Peacock
The human brain constantly anticipates the future based on memories of the past. Encountering a familiar situation reactivates memory of previous encounters which can trigger a prediction of what comes next to facilitate responsiveness. However, a prediction error can lead to pruning of the offending memory, a process…
Peiyao Xi, Rongqi Lin, Geoffrey F Woodman, Benchi Wang
Rapidly detecting salient objects from surrounding environments is crucial for survival. Our study demonstrates that salient objects in visual search arrays trigger von Restorff-like effects. In a search task, participants detected a tilted target bar among distractors with EEG recordings. The results revealed that…
Yaocong Duan, Jiayu Zhan, Joachim Groß, Robin A. A. Ince + 1 more
'Philippe G. Schyns'] Visual categorization is the pervasive cognitive function with which humans make sense of their external world. Current theories and models assume that the visual hierarchy reduces its high-dimensional input, by flexibly selecting the stimulus features that support categorization behavior. To…
Laurent Caplette, Robin A. A. Ince, Karim Jerbi, Frédéric Gosselin
Visual object recognition seems to occur almost instantaneously. However, not only does it require hundreds of milliseconds of processing, but our eyes also typically fixate the object for hundreds of milliseconds. Consequently, information reaching our eyes at different moments is processed in the brain together.…
Philip Hofmeister, Shravan Vasishth
In explicit memory recall and recognition tasks, elaboration and contextual isolation both facilitate memory performance. Here, we investigate these effects in the context of sentence processing: targets for retrieval during online sentence processing of English object relative clause constructions differ in the amount…
Wilma Bainbridge
When we experience an event, it feels like our previous experiences, our interpretations of that event (e.g., aesthetics, emotions), and our current state will determine how we will remember it. However, recent work has revealed a strong sway of the visual world itself in influencing what we remember and forget.…
Evie Vergauwe, Nelson Cowan
We examine the relationship between response speed and the number of items in short-term memory (STM) in four different paradigms and find evidence for a similar high-speed processing rate of about 25-30 items per second (∼35-40 ms/item). We propose that the similarity of the processing rates across paradigms reflects…
Chen Tiferet-Dweck, Abigail Keegan, Kerstin Unger
To support goal-directed behavior, working memory (WM) must flexibly access relevant information. While the mechanisms underlying single-item WM access are comparatively well-studied, less is known about the principles governing multi-item access. Some studies have suggested that dual-item retrieval can be as efficient…
Josipa Alilović, Dirk van Moorselaar, Marcel Graetz, Simon van Gaal + 1 more
Our senses are continuously bombarded with more information than our brain can process up to the level of awareness. The present study aimed to enhance understanding on how attentional selection shapes conscious access under conditions of rapidly changing input. Using an attention task, EEG, and multivariate decoding…
Nicolas Gauvrit, Fabien Mathy
The time-based resource sharing (TBRS) model is a prominent model of working memory that is both predictive and simple. The TBRS is the mainstream decaybased model and the most susceptible to competition with interference-based models. A connectionist implementation of the TBRS, the TBRS, has recently been developed.…
Jiawei Zhang
This is a follow-up tutorial article of [17] and [16], in this paper, we will introduce several important cognitive functions of the brain. Brain cognitive functions are the mental processes that allow us to receive, select, store, transform, develop, and recover information that we've received from external stimuli.…
Rachana Niranjan Murthy, Sai Teja Potu, Akhil Thomas, Lokesh Mishra + 2 more
Retrieving structured materials information from unstructured textual data is essential for data mining and automatically developing comprehensive ontologies. Information extraction is a complex task composed of multiple subtasks and thus often relies on systems of task-specialized language models. A foundation…
Authors not listed
Process chemistry creates scalable routes for new lead molecules and is a crucial but laborious stage in pharmaceutical and agrochemical development cycles. We have built an automated process chemistry platform that tackles late-stage process development. The modular workflow integrates both industry-standard tools and…
T. S. Jayram, Younes Bouhadjar, Ryan L. McAvoy, Tomasz Kornuta + 3 more
'Alexis Asseman' 'Kamil Rocki' 'Ahmet S. Özcan'] Typical neural networks with external memory do not effectively separate capacity for episodic and working memory as is required for reasoning in humans. Applying knowledge gained from psychological studies, we designed a new model called Differentiable Working Memory…