22 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Peyman Nouraey, Mohammad A. Ayatollahi, Marzieh Moghadas
Infants usually say their first word at the age of 12 months; subsequently, within the next 6-12 months, they develop a vocabulary of approximately 50 words, along with the ability to make two-word combinations. However, late talkers (LTs) demonstrate delayed speech in the absence of hearing impairments, cognitive…
Mónica Rosselli, Alfredo Ardila, Esmeralda Matute, Idaly Vélez-Uribe
Language development has been correlated with specific changes in brain development. The aim of this paper is to analyze the linguistic-brain associations that occur from birth through senescence. Findings from the neuropsychological and neuroimaging literature are reviewed, and the relationship of language changes…
Anahita Shokrkon, Elena Nicoladis
It has been demonstrated that executive functions play a significant role in different aspects of the development of children. Development of language is also one of the most important accomplishments of the preschool years, and it has been linked to many outcomes in life. Despite substantial research demonstrating the…
Jennifer Finders, Ella Wilson, Robert Duncan
The importance of developing early language and literacy skills is acknowledged by the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as a global human rights issue. Indeed, research suggests that language abilities are foundational for a host of cognitive, behavioral, and social-emotional…
Halie A. Olson, Emily M. Chen, Camille J. Osumah, Haoyu Du + 2 more
Toddlerhood is a time when children’s language competence undergoes a dramatic transformation, making it a key period to examine the emergence of the brain’s language system. Functional magnetic resonance imaging data from 29 awake toddlers (19-36 months) scanned on a child-friendly language task reveal that, already…
Emmanuel Dupoux
Spectacular progress in the information processing sciences (machine learning, wearable sensors) promises to revolutionize the study of cognitive development. Here, we analyse the conditions under which 'reverse engineering' language development, i.e., building an effective system that mimics infant's achievements, can…
Eva Aguilar-Mediavilla, Miguel Pérez-Pereira, Elisabet Serrat-Sellabona, Daniel Adrover-Roig
The present Special Issue focuses on studies of language acquisition in children. We particularly addressed the description of language development and the variables affecting it for early detection and prevention of language difficulties. Although language difficulties are very common (14% of children present a…
Lynne G. Duncan, Conny Gollek, Douglas D. Potter
Intervention in the early years can help to mitigate the risks that early language and communication difficulties pose for later learning and well-being. Critical to this is the capacity of early years educators to evaluate language development accurately in the classroom in order to target individual support…
Lauren Wagner, Joshua Ceballos, Emily Chiem, Mirella Dapretto
Although developmental language delays affect approximately 10% of children in the general population, the neurodevelopmental mechanisms that support normative language acquisition, and atypicalities that may predict later language delay, across the first year of life are poorly understood. Here, resting-state fMRI…
Mircea Petrache, Andrés Carvallo, Valentina Silva, Pablo Barceló + 1 more
How informative are preschoolers’ speech vocalizations? Preschoolers’ speech is often imprecise, highly variable and hard to interpret by humans and machines; consequently, its predictive value for later developmental outcomes remains quite underexplored. Here, we analyzed 6.595 brief vocalizations (0.5-5s) from 127…
Pierre‐Yves Oudeyer, George Kachergis, William Schueller
We review computational and robotics models of early language learning and development. We first explain why and how these models are used to understand better how children learn language. We argue that they provide concrete theories of language learning as a complex dynamic system, complementing traditional methods in…
Laia Fibla, Samuel H. Forbes, Jordan McCarthy, Kate Mee + 4 more
The language environment to which children are exposed has an impact on later language and cognitive abilities as well as on brain development; however, it is unclear how early such impacts emerge. This study investigates the effects of children’s early language environment and socioeconomic status (SES) on brain…
Thierry Poibeau, Shravan Vasishth
From the very beginning, pioneers in computer sciences have tried to establish a link between practical issues and more fundamental ones, like language processing in the brain, knowledge representation or the nature of communication. Modeling language was supposed to open a window on the brain, or at least give an idea…
Robert M. Worden
A unified theory of language combines a Bayesian cognitive linguistic model of language processing, with the proposal that language evolved by sexual selection for the display of intelligence. The theory accounts for the major facts of language, including its great speed and expressivity, and much data on language…
Andrey Vyshedskiy, Mahapatra Shreyas, Rita Dunn
We analyzed all published reports of individuals not exposed to syntactic language until puberty: two feral children, who grew up without hearing any language, and eight deaf linguistic isolates, who grew up communicating to their families using homesign or kitchensign, a system of gestures which allows them to…
Daphna Fenchel, Ralica Dimitrova, Emma C. Robinson, Dafnis Batalle + 22 more
Developmental delays in infanthood often persist, turning into life-long difficulties, and coming at great cost for the individual and community. By examining the developing brain and its relation to developmental outcomes we can start to elucidate how the emergence of brain circuits is manifested in variability of…
Casey Kennington
This document chronicles this author's attempt to explore how words come to mean what they do, with a particular focus on child language acquisition and what that means for models of language understanding.1 I explain the setting for child language learning, how embodiment—being able to perceive and enact in the world…
Ma Salud Jiménez-Romero, Montserrat Barcos-Martínez, Isabel Espejo-Portero, Antonio Benítez-Burraco
Chromosome 7 is a hot spot for cognitive disorders involving language deficits. We report on a girl who presents with a cognitive and speech delay, motor problems, hearing loss, and behavioral disturbances, and a de novo deletion within 7q32.1-q33 (chromosome position: chr7:127109685-132492196, hg 18). Several genes…
Richard Apodaca
Despite its widespread use, Simplified Molecular Input Line Entry System (SMILES) remains underspecified. The lack of a detailed specification encourages improvisation by software developers, complicates data standardization efforts, and undermines extension development. Balsa, a reformulation of SMILES, addresses…
Pieter Floris Jacobs, Robert Pollice
Scientists across domains are often challenged to master domain-specific languages (DSLs) for their research, which are merely a means to an end but are pervasive in fields like computational chemistry. Automated code generation promises to overcome this barrier, allowing researchers to focus on their core expertise.…
Yixiang Ruan, Chenyin Lu, Ning Xu, Jian Zhang + 8 more
The rapid emergence of large language model (LLM) technology presents significant opportunities to facilitate the development of synthetic reactions. In this work, we leveraged the power of GPT-4 to build a multi-agent system to handle fundamental tasks involved throughout the chemical synthesis development process.…
Authors not listed
Language models have been increasingly popular in therapeutic peptide generation, but molecular diversity remains limited due to reliance on the 20 canonical amino acids. We propose a language model that generates peptidomimetics incorporating non-canonical elements like non-canonical amino acids and terminal…