Search · four archives
Search · four archives
23 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Marc De Graef, A. H. Liu
A new 2D representation of 3D material textures based on the Clifford torus is presented.
Philipp A. Kloza, James A. Elliott
We show that the projection of an axisymmetric three-dimensional orientation distribution to two dimensions can be cast into an Abel transform. Based on this correspondence, we derive an exact integral inverse, which allows for the quantification of three-dimensional uniaxial alignment of rodlike units from…
Pierre-Luc Thériault, Emna Azek, Gabriel Juteau, Anagh Mukherjee + 6 more
The performance of organic optoelectronic devices is critically dependent on how molecules orient within organic thin films. Yet, standard characterization techniques only reveal the first and second moments of the molecular orientation distribution. This limitation obscures the true molecular arrangement, as diverse…
Héctor M. Iga-Buitrón, Tom G. Mackay, Akhlesh Lakhtakia
Implementations of the Bruggeman and Maxwell Garnett homogenization formalisms were developed to estimate the relative permittivity dyadic of a homogenized composite material (HCM), namely ε HCM, arising from randomly distributed mixtures of electrically-small particles with spheroidal shapes and truncated spheroidal…
Chaipat Chunharas, Meike D. Hettwer, Michael J. Wolff, Rosanne L. Rademaker
The ability to stably maintain visual information over brief delays is central to cognitive functioning. One possible way to achieve robust working memory maintenance is by having multiple concurrent mnemonic representations across multiple cortical loci. For example, early visual cortex might contribute to storage by…
Joe Kileel, Oscar Mickelin, Amit Singer, Sheng Xu
Cryo-electron microscopy is a powerful imaging technique for reconstructing three-dimensional molecular structures from noisy tomographic projection images of randomly oriented particles. We introduce a new data fusion framework, termed the method of double moments, which reconstructs molecular structures from two…
Madeline Harper, Uma Nudurupati, Riley Workman, Taras Lakoba + 2 more
Using amylin(20-29) as a model system, we demonstrate that Raman spectroscopy can be used to determine the molecular structure of amyloid fibrils. We use polarized Raman spectroscopy measurements and the conformationally-sensitive Amide III3 mode to determine the distributions of peptide backbone amide C=O and CN bond…
Tarek Iraki, Lukas Morand, Norbert Link, Stefan Sandfeld + 1 more
The crystallographic texture of metallic materials is a key microstructural feature that is responsible for the anisotropic behavior, e.g., important in forming operations. In materials science, crystallographic texture is commonly described by the orientation distribution function, which is defined as the probability…
Richard Mandle
The cylindrical distribution function (CDF) is a convenient anisotropic analogue of the radial distribution function, the difference being the use of cylindrical shells for binning. As such, CDF analysis can be a powerful tool for the analysis of positional correlations within anisotropic systems, such as liquid…
P. C. Lopez-Custodio
The need for statistical models of orientations arises in many applications in engineering and computer science. Orientational data appear as sets of angles, unit vectors, rotation matrices or quaternions. In the field of directional statistics, a lot of advances have been made in modelling such types of data. However…
Andrey Chetverikov, Janneke F.M. Jehee
How do humans infer motion direction from noisy sensory signals? We hypothesized that motion direction is computed not only from velocity but also spatial orientation signals – a ‘streak’ created by moving objects. We implemented this hypothesis in a Bayesian model, which quantifies knowledge with probability…
Sophie C.M.J. Willemsen, Leonie Oostwoud Wijdenes, Robert J. van Beers, Mathieu Koppen + 1 more
We previously proposed a Bayesian model of multisensory integration in spatial orientation (1). Using a Gaussian prior, centered on an upright head orientation, this model could explain various perceptual observations in roll-tilted participants, such as the subjective visual vertical, the subjective body tilt (1), the…
Andrey Chetverikov, Janneke F. M. Jehee
Humans infer motion direction from noisy sensory signals. We hypothesize that to make these inferences more precise, the visual system computes motion direction not only from velocity but also spatial orientation signals - a ‘streak’ created by moving objects. We implement this hypothesis in a Bayesian model, which…
Richard Leadbeater, Timothy Ledgeway, Paul McGraw
Prior experience shapes both visual perception and its underlying neural circuits. This is exemplified by the oblique effect – a strong perceptual advantage for cardinal (horizontal/vertical) over oblique orientations – which reflects how the brain adapts to statistical regularities in the natural environment. It…
Authors not listed
When producing plant-protein-based meat analogues via high moisture extrusion (HME), the structure of extrudates is determined by complex interactions between ingredient composition and processing conditions. To facilitate consumers in their transition towards a diet higher in plant-based proteins, the food industry…
Najmeh Nakhaei Rad, Andriette Bekker, Mohammad Arashi, Christophe Ley
'Christophe Ley'] This paper presents Bayesian directional data modeling via the skew-rotationally-symmetric Fisher-von Mises-Langevin (FvML) distribution. The prior distributions for the parameters are a pivotal building block in Bayesian analysis, therefore, the impact of the proposed priors will be quantified using…
Norberto Lucero-Azuara, Rainer Klages
Imagine you walk in a plane. You move by making a step of a certain length per time interval in a chosen direction. Repeating this process by randomly sampling step length and turning angle defines a two-dimensional random walk in what we call comoving frame coordinates. This is precisely how Ross and Pearson proposed…
Ling-Qi Zhang, Jiang Mao, Geoffrey K. Aguirre, Alan A. Stocker
The tilt illusion — a bias in the perceived orientation of a center stimulus induced by an oriented surround — illustrates how context shapes visual perception. While the tilt illusion has been the subject of quantitative study for over 85 years, we still lack a comprehensive account of the phenomenon that connects its…
Authors not listed
Controlling the surface orientation of DNA origami is crucial for applications in nanotechnology and materials science. While previous work utilized various DNA origami modifications, simple methods for controlling their landing orientation remain scarce. Here, we demonstrate a straightforward approach to control the…
Tony Lindeberg
This paper presents the results of combining (i) theoretical analysis regarding connections between the orientation selectivity and the elongation of receptive fields for the affine Gaussian derivative model with (ii) biological measurements of orientation selectivity in the primary visual cortex to investigate if…
Shogo Kato, Kassel L. Hingee, Janice L. Scealy, Andrew T. A. Wood
We propose a regression model in which the responses are spherical variables and the covariates include linear and/or spherical variables. A novel link function is introduced by extending the Möbius transformation on the sphere. This link function is an anisotropic mapping that enables scale control along each axis of…
Guandong Wang, David Alais
Orientation perception is one of the most fundamental aspects of somatosensory perception, similar to its visual counterpart. In the current study, we examined several features of tactile orientation perception and their interactions, aiming to better understand the underlying mechanisms. We found that active…
Taylor Parsons, Ty Balduf, Marco Caricato
In this work, we explore the issue of origin dependence in optical rotation (OR) calculations in the length dipole gauge (LG) using standard approximate methods belonging to density functional theory (DFT) and coupled cluster (CC) theory. We use the origin-invariant LG approach, LG(OI), that we recently proposed as…