16 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Tom Sistermans, Juliane Hartke, Marah Stoldt, Romain Libbrecht + 1 more
Parasites with complex life cycles are known to induce phenotypic changes in their intermediate hosts to increase transmission to the final host. The magnitude of these changes could increase with the number of parasites, which would be beneficial to co-infecting parasites. Yet, adverse effects of high parasite load…
Anais Bompard, Dari F. Da, Serge R. Yerbanga, Isabelle Morlais + 6 more
The population dynamics of human-to-mosquito malaria transmission in the field has important implications for the genetics, epidemiology and control of malaria. The number of oocysts in oocysts positive mosquitoes developing from a single, naturally acquired infectious blood meal (herein referred to as parasite…
Romain Pigeault, Camille-Sophie Cozzarolo, Jérôme Wassef, Jérémy Gremion + 3 more
Although avian haemosporidian parasites are widely used as model organisms to study fundamental questions in evolutionary and behavorial ecology of host-parasite interactions, some of their basic characteristics, such as seasonal variations in within-host density, are still mostly unknown. In addition, their interplay…
Natalie C. Mastick, A.M. Van Cise, K.M. Parsons, E. Ashe + 9 more
Multiple populations of resident ecotype killer whales (Orcinus orca ater) inhabit the Northeast Pacific, but the southern resident killer whale (SRKW) population is the most at-risk. SRKWs were listed as endangered in the United States in 2005 and have since shown little sign of recovery. Several factors have been…
Jason C. Walsman, Alexander T. Strauss, Spencer R. Hall
When epidemics kill hosts and increase their resources, should the density of hosts decrease (with a resource increase, this constitutes a trophic cascade) or increase (a hydra effect)? Seeking answers, we integrate trait measurements, a resource-host-parasite model, and experimental epidemics with plankton. This…
Aurélie Jeantet, Fabienne Audebert, Simon Agostini, Beatriz Decencière + 5 more
Within a host, parasites form a community and interact with each another. They can interact directly through competition for space or indirectly through competition for resources, or even via the host’s immune response. These interactions can influence infection patterns within the host. In particular, helminths are…
Brin Shayhorn, Chloe Ramsay, Kristi Medina, Erin Sauer + 1 more
Habitat loss and disease outbreak play a major role in the decline of biodiversity. Habitat degradation is often associated with reduced food resources, which can lead to less investment in host immunity and increased infections. However, pathogens use host resources for replication and pathogen traits, such as…
Jason C. Walsman, Meghan A. Duffy, Carla E. Cáceres, Spencer R. Hall
What determines how much resistance hosts evolve? One might intuit that hosts evolve higher resistance when parasites are more abundant. However, the opposite pattern can arise due to costs of resistance. Here we illustrate with mathematical, experimental, and field approaches how ecological context can increase…
Philipp Kirstahler, Frank M. Aarestrup, Sünje Johanna Pamp
Despite a yearly death toll of up to one million people due to parasite-related infections, parasites are still neglected in genomics research. While there is progress in the detection of bacteria and viruses using metagenomics in the context of infectious diseases, there are still challenges in metagenomics-based…
Kayleigh Chalkowski, Christopher A. Lepczyk, Alan E. Wilson, Kim Valenta + 6 more
Despite the critical role parasites play in ecosystem functioning and their considerable influence on human society, little is known about their variations in abundance on a global scale. This gap in knowledge is amplified by a lack of holistic understanding on how the abundance of parasites of wildlife and humans…
Juan Diego González-Luna, Francisco Gaytán
Human parasitic infections are major contributors to global disease load, compromising the human life and resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide. However, many parasitic diseases have been neglected and little investigated in western medicine. Although recently developed molecular techniques have…
Pascal I. Hablützel, Maarten P.M. Vanhove, Pablo Deschepper, Arnout F. Grégoir + 3 more
In adaptive radiations species diversify rapidly to occupy an array of ecological niches. In these different niches, species might be exposed to parasites through different routes and at different levels. If this is the case, adaptive radiations should be accompanied by a turnover in parasite communities. How the…
Colin J. Carlson, Oliver C. Muellerklein, Anna J. Phillips, Kevin R. Burgio + 11 more
Parasite conservation is a rapidly growing field at the intersection of ecology, epidemiology, parasitology, and public health. The overwhelming diversity of parasitic life on earth, and recent work showing that parasites and other symbionts face severe extinction risk, necessitates infrastructure for parasite…
Amruta Rajarajan, Manon Coone, Justyna Wolinska, Piet Spaak + 1 more
Microbiomes are key determinants of host health, yet empirical evidence demonstrating their influence on host-parasite interactions is limited. We conducted a proof-of-principle experiment using the water flea Daphnia magna and its virulent yeast parasite Australozyma monospora (formerly Metschnikowia bicuspidata) to…
Megan A Hahn, Nolwenn M Dheilly
Helminth parasites are extremely diverse, prevalent, and infective of virtually all phyla. However, until recently, parasitic helminth infections have been studied as interactions between the host and the parasite, leaving out key players; microbes. Microbes play key roles in the biology of all living organisms, and…
E. Al Klifeh, A. Balard, V.H. Jarquín-Diaz, A. Weyrich + 2 more
Species of Eimeria (Apicomplexa:Coccidia) differ in the timing of lifecycle progression and resulting infections vary in host immune reactions and pathology they induce. Eimeria infections in house mice are used as models for e.g. basic immunology and the most commonly used isolates have been passaged in laboratory…