25 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Tarek Amer, Lila Davachi, Anna C Schapiro, Chris I Baker
Pattern separation, or the process by which highly similar stimuli or experiences in memory are represented by non-overlapping neural ensembles, has typically been ascribed to processes supported by the hippocampus. Converging evidence from a wide range of studies, however, suggests that pattern separation is a…
Harvey Wang, Selena Singh, Thomas Trappenberg, Abraham Nunes + 1 more
Pattern separation is a computational process by which dissimilar neural patterns are generated from similar input patterns. We present an information-geometric formulation of pattern separation, where a pattern separator is modeled as a family of statistical distributions on a manifold. Such a manifold maps an input…
Alexander D Bird, Hermann Cuntz, Peter Jedlicka
Pattern separation is a valuable computational function performed by neuronal circuits, such as the dentate gyrus, where dissimilarity between inputs is increased, reducing noise and increasing the storage capacity of downstream networks. A number of different measures (such as orthogonalisation, decorrelation, or…
Alexander D. Bird, Hermann Cuntz, Peter Jedlicka, Daniel Bush
Pattern separation is a valuable computational function performed by neuronal circuits, such as the dentate gyrus, where dissimilarity between inputs is increased, reducing noise and increasing the storage capacity of downstream networks. Pattern separation is studied from both in vivo experimental and computational…
Antoine D. Madar, Laura A. Ewell, Mathew V. Jones
Pattern separation is a process that minimizes overlap between patterns of neuronal activity representing similar experiences. Theoretical work suggests that the dentate gyrus (DG) performs this role for memory processing but a direct demonstration is lacking. One limitation is the difficulty to measure DG inputs and…
Adam Santoro
It is easy to imagine a situation whereby pattern separation is not described at the cell population level. Originally evoked as a derivation of orthogonalization, pattern separation can represent any equivalent process whereby computational orthogonalization is realized. For example, consider a learning matrix that…
Edmund T. Rolls
The mechanisms for pattern completion and pattern separation are described in the context of a theory of hippocampal function in which the hippocampal CA3 system operates as a single attractor or autoassociation network to enable rapid, one-trial, associations between any spatial location (place in rodents, or spatial…
Harvey Wang, Selena Singh, Thomas Trappenberg, Abraham Nunes
Evaluation of Existing Indices Authors: ['Harvey Wang' 'Selena Singh' 'Thomas Trappenberg' 'Abraham Nunes'] Pattern separation is a computational process by which dissimilar neural patterns are generated from similar input patterns. We present an information-geometric formulation of pattern separation, where a pattern…
Antoine D. Madar, Laura A. Ewell, Mathew V. Jones
Pattern separation is a central concept in current theories of episodic memory: this computation is thought to support our ability to avoid confusion between similar memories by transforming similar cortical input patterns of neural activity into dissimilar output patterns before their long-term storage in the…
La Grassa, Riccardo, Gallo, Ignazio + 2 more
Fine-grained classification models are designed to focus on the relevant details necessary to distinguish highly similar classes, particularly when intra-class variance is high and inter-class variance is low. Most existing models rely on part annotations—such as bounding boxes, part locations, or textual attributes—to…
Zsuzsanna Nemecz, István Homolya, Alex Ilyés, Hunor Kis + 4 more
Resolving interference between similar inputs is a critical feature of adaptive memory systems. Computational theories of the medial temporal lobe posit that the dentate gyrus and CA3 (CA3DG) subfields of the hippocampus are ideally suited to reduce interference via a process called pattern separation. Whereas…
Sang-Yoon Kim, Woochang Lim
Young immature granule cells (imGCs) appear via adult neurogenesis in the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). In comparison to mature GCs (mGCs) (born during development), the imGCs exhibit two competing distinct properties such as high excitability and low excitatory innervation. We develop a spiking neural network for…
Sang-Yoon Kim, Woochang Lim
We investigate the disynaptic effect of the hilar cells on pattern separation in a spiking neural network of the hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG). The principal granule cells (GCs) in the DG perform pattern separation, transforming similar input patterns into less-similar output patterns. In our DG network, the hilus…
Tarana Nigam, Caspar M. Schwiedrzik
Distinguishing faces requires well distinguishable neural activity patterns. Contextual information may separate neural representations, leading to enhanced identity recognition. Here, we investigate how predictions derived from contextual information affect the separability of neural activity patterns in the macaque…
Xin Ru, Ran Chen, Laihu Peng, Weimin Shi + 1 more
Patterns entered into knitting CAD have thousands or tens of thousands of different colors, which need to be merged by color-separation algorithms. However, for degraded patterns, the current color-separation algorithms cannot achieve the desired results, and the clustering quantity parameter needs to be managed…
Vahid Nasirimarekani
droplet; formation of a flower-like pattern Authors: ['Vahid Nasirimarekani'] Pattern formation inside a liquid phase is a phenomenon involved in many different aspects of life on our planet. The droplet form of a liquid that evaporates can reveal patterns that depend on the chemistry of the droplet and the physical…
Authors not listed
The formation and modulation of biomolecular condensates as well as their structural and dynamic properties are determined by an intricate interplay of different driving forces, which down at the microscopic scale involve molecular interactions of the biological macromolecules and the surrounding solvent and ions.…
Mélina Baheux Blin, Vincent Loreau, Frank Schnorrer, Pierre Mangeol
Regular spatial patterns are ubiquitous forms of organization in nature. In animals, regular patterns can be found from the cellular scale to the tissue scale, and from early stages of development to adulthood. To understand the formation of these patterns, how they form and mature, and how they are affected by…
Joshua Parker, Eilon Sherman, Matthias van de Raa, Devaraj van der Meer + 2 more
'Devaraj van der Meer' 'Lawrence E. Samelson' 'Wolfgang Losert'] Point pattern sets arise in many different areas of physical, biological, and applied research, representing many random realizations of underlying pattern formation mechanisms. These pattern sets can be heterogeneous with respect to underlying spatial…
Pauline Rothmann-Brumm, Steven L. Brunton, Isabel Scherl
formation in gravure printing Authors: ['Pauline Rothmann-Brumm' 'Steven L. Brunton' 'Isabel Scherl'] Hydrodynamic pattern formation phenomena in printing and coating processes are still not fully understood. However, fundamental understanding is essential to achieve high-quality printed products and to tune printed…
Authors not listed
The capacity to pattern biomolecules within microfluidic devices expands the scope of microfluidic technologies. In such patterned systems, surface-bound components remained localized, while the microfluidic network supplies reagents and removes waste products. This approach has enabled continuous protein expression…
Whitney Loo, Hongbo Feng, Beihang Yu, Scott Dhuey + 2 more
We report the use of a block copolymer (BCP) self-brushing mechanism for surface modification of Si substrates to heal defects in patterns generated for directed self-assembly (DSA). Our model system uses a lamellae-forming BCP consisting of a polystyrene block (PS) and a poly(glycidyl methacrylate) block (PG) that is…
Authors not listed
Laser modification of polymer surfaces is critical in many contexts including self-cleaning materials, microelectronics, and biomedical research. Despite their utility, accessing these modified polymers requires expensive or complex materials and multi-step fabrication, masking, and washing processes. Here, we present…
Authors not listed
The separation of ethylene (C2H4) from ethane (C2H6) is a critical yet energy-intensive process in the chemical industry, demanding energy-efficient and cost-effective solutions. Here, we report a Li+-exchanged silicoaluminophosphate RHO zeolite (Li-SAPO-RHO) with unprecedented selectivity for C2H4 over C2H6. This…
Authors not listed
This article presents an overview about the state of the art in the development of structured packings for distillation applications. The focus is on highlighting different approaches including heuristic development cycles, the development of new packing structures, 3D-printing as tool for manufacturing, and…