20 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Stefano Panzeri, Jakob H. Macke, Joachim Gross, Christoph Kayser
Title: Highlights 1. • Neural population codes are organized at multiple spatial scales. 2. • Microscopic organization of neural codes reveals a key role of neural heterogeneity. 3. • Microscopic and population dynamics interact to make processing state-dependent. 4. • Additional computational analyses of neural…
Richard Naud, Wulfram Gerstner, Olaf Sporns
The response of a neuron to a time-dependent stimulus, as measured in a Peri-Stimulus-Time-Histogram (PSTH), exhibits an intricate temporal structure that reflects potential temporal coding principles. Here we analyze the encoding and decoding of PSTHs for spiking neurons with arbitrary refractoriness and adaptation.…
Giulia Corniani, Miguel A. Casal, Stefano Panzeri, Hannes P. Saal + 1 more
'Daniele Marinazzo'] Sensory information is conveyed by populations of neurons, and coding strategies cannot always be deduced when considering individual neurons. Moreover, information coding depends on the number of neurons available and on the composition of the population when multiple classes with different…
Mikhail V. Kiselev
At present, it is obvious that different sections of nervous system utilize different methods for information coding. Primary afferent signals in most cases are represented in form of spike trains using a combination of rate coding and population coding while there are clear evidences that temporal coding is used in…
Alexander Platt, Claudia C Weber, David A Liberles
That population size affects the fate of new mutations arising in genomes, modulating both how frequently they arise and how efficiently natural selection is able to filter them, is well established. It is therefore clear that these distinct roles for population size that characterize different processes should affect…
Konrad Pawlak, Paweł Błażej, Dorota Mackiewicz, Paweł Mackiewicz + 1 more
'Nunzio D’Agostino'] The standard genetic code (SGC) plays a fundamental role in encoding biological information, but its evolutionary origins remain unresolved and widely debated. Thus, we used a methodology based on the evolutionary algorithm to investigate the emergence of stable coding systems. The simulation began…
Paweł Błażej, Konrad Pawlak, Dorota Mackiewicz, Paweł Mackiewicz + 2 more
'Paško Konjevoda' 'Nikola Štambuk'] The standard genetic code (SGC) is a set of rules according to which 64 codons are assigned to 20 canonical amino acids and stop coding signal. As a consequence, the SGC is redundant because there is a greater number of codons than the number of encoded labels. This redundancy…
Rachel Huddart, Alison E. Fohner, Michelle Whirl-Carrillo, Genevieve L. Wojcik + 5 more
The varying frequencies of pharmacogenetic alleles between populations have important implications for the impact of these alleles in different populations. Current population grouping methods to communicate these patterns are insufficient as they are inconsistent and fail to reflect the global distribution of genetic…
Frank J. van Rijnsoever, Gemma Elizabeth Derrick
I explore the sample size in qualitative research that is required to reach theoretical saturation. I conceptualize a population as consisting of sub-populations that contain different types of information sources that hold a number of codes. Theoretical saturation is reached after all the codes in the population have…
Peter Christen, Rainer Schnell
Databases covering all individuals of a population are increasingly used for research and decision-making. The massive size of such databases is often mistaken as a guarantee for valid inferences. However, population data have characteristics that make them challenging to use. Various assumptions on population coverage…
Saïd Nouh, Mostafa Belkasmi
In this paper we present a new method for finding the weight enumerator of binary linear block codes by using genetic algorithms. This method consists in finding the binary weight enumerator of the code and its dual and to create from the famous MacWilliams identity a linear system (S) of integer variables for which we…
Brianna Greenstein, Danielle Elsey, Geoffrey Hutchison
Genetic algorithms (GAs) are a powerful tool to search large chemical spaces for inverse molecular design. However, GAs have multiple hyperparameters that have not been thoroughly investigated for chemical space searches. In this work, we examine the general effects of a number of hyperparameters, such as population…
Dominik Deffner, Anne Kandler, Laurel Fogarty
Population size has long been considered an important driver of cultural diversity and complexity. Results from population genetics, however, demonstrate that in populations with complex demographic structure or mode of inheritance, it is not the census population size, N, but the effective size of a population, N_e_…
Xuanyao Liu, Po-Ru Loh, Luke J. O’Connor, Steven Gazal + 4 more
The genetic architecture of most human complex traits is highly polygenic, motivating efforts to detect polygenic selection involving a large number of loci. In contrast to previous work relying on top GWAS loci, we developed a method that uses genome-wide association statistics and linkage disequilibrium patterns to…
Sushanta Kumar Barik, Jyotirmayee Turuk, Sidhartha Giri, Sanghamitra Pati
The codon bias usage study of the 33 Vitamin D Receptor (VDR) genes of the Multiple sclerosis and Diabetes-1 patients were characterized. Various computational tools were used to find out the codon usage pattern of the VDR genes in both group of patients. The base compositions, nucleotide substation rates, codon…
Nenad Savić, Nicolas Bovio, Fabian Gilbert, Irina Guseva Canu
Objective. Epidemiological studies require data that are in alignment with the classifications established for occupations/economic activities. The classifications usually include hundreds of codes and titles. Manual coding of raw data may result in misclassification and be time consuming. The goal was to develop and…
David Ozonoff, Alex Pogel
Identifying patterns of disease distribution in a population is the task of descriptive epidemiology, where the patterns are descriptions of how the disease is distributed in the population. In everyday public health practice it is descriptive epidemiology that is hard at work when we inform the public about health…
Paridhi Latawa, Nuh Aydın
| 1 | Abstract | | 2 | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2 | | Introduction | 2 | | 3 | | Convolutional Codes | 3 | | | 3.1 | Encoding of Binary Convolutional Codes | 3 | | | 3.2 | Decoding Convolutional Codes | 11 | | | 3.3 | Truncated Viterbi Decoding | 13 | | 4 | | DNA Codes | 17 | | | 4.1 | Constraints for the…
Natalie Sims, Andrew Kannan, Elizabeth Holton, Kishore Jagadeesan + 6 more
Increasing understanding and awareness of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is critical in tackling this growing global crisis. Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is a promising approach to monitoring a range of AMR targets in communities through analysis of wastewater. This longitudinal study provides insight into…
Andreas Stang, Markus Deckert
Background The population figures in Germany are obtained by updating the results of the latest census with information from the statistics on birth, deaths and migration statistics. The Census 2011 in Germany corrected population figures, which have only been updated over a long period of time. The aim of this work is…