19 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Savannah J. Meier, Hwanseok Song
This study examines how question order influences responses in multidimensional risk perception measurement. Through a randomized between-subjects experiment (N = 1352) manipulating the sequence of risk perception dimensions, we identified systematic question order effects. When a general risk question followed…
Pilsung Kang
Human survey respondents exhibit question-order effects that satisfy the QQ (quantum question) equality, an a priori, parameter-free prediction of the projective quantum question-order model. We develop the QQ equality into an audit criterion for sequential judgments of autoregressive large language models (LLMs).…
Catarina Moreira, J. Acácio de Barros
The proposed Bayesian model allows us to make several predictions: (1) we found certain conditions on the priors that limit the existence of order effects; (2) we show that, for our model, the QQ equality is not necessarily satisfied (due to symmetry assumptions); and (3) the proposed Bayesian model has the advantage…
Laëtitia Leloup, Gaëlle Meert, Dana Samson
Moral judgements are crucial for social life and rely on the analysis of the agent’s intention and the outcome of the agent’s action. The current study examines to the influence of how the information is presented on moral judgement. The first experiment investigated the effects of the order in which intention and…
Morten Magelssen, Magne Supphellen, Per Nortvedt, Lars Johan Materstvedt
'Lars Johan Materstvedt'] Background Surveys on attitudes towards assisted dying play an important role in informing public debate, policy and legislation. Unfortunately, surveys are often designed with insufficient attention to framing effects; that is, effects on the respondents’ stated attitudes caused by question…
Murat Doğan Şahin
Many studies have been conducted on the effect of item order in self-report questionnaires on mean scores. This research aims to study the effect of item order on measurement invariance in addition to mean scores. To this end, two groups randomly obtained from the same sample were presented a fixed order form in which…
Thomas Boyer‐Kassem, Sébastien Duchêne, Éric Guerci
Human agents happen to judge that a conjunction of two terms is more probable than one of the terms, in contradiction with the rules of classical probabilities—this is the conjunction fallacy. One of the most discussed accounts of this fallacy is currently the quantum-like explanation, which relies on models exploiting…
Z. Wang, J. R. Busemeyer
Quantum and Markov random walk models are proposed for describing how people evaluate stimuli using rating scales. To empirically test these competing models, we conducted an experiment in which participants judged the effectiveness of public health service announcements from either their own personal perspective or…
Benjamin M. Rottman, Yiwen Zhang
Being able to notice that a cause-effect relation is getting stronger or weaker is important for adapting to one’s environment and deciding how to use the cause in the future. We conducted an experiment in which participants learned about a cause-effect relation that either got stronger or weaker over time. The…
Thomas Boyer‐Kassem, Sébastien Duchêne, Éric Guerci
Lately, so-called "quantum" models, based on parts of the mathematics of quantum mechanics, have been developed in decision theory and cognitive sciences to account for seemingly irrational or paradoxical human judgments. We consider here some such quantum-like models that address question order effects, i.e. cases in…
Pouya Pezeshkpour, Estevam R. Hruschka
Large Language Models (LLMs) have demonstrated remarkable capabilities in various NLP tasks. However, previous works have shown these models are sensitive towards prompt wording, and few-shot demonstrations and their order, posing challenges to fair assessment of these models. As these models become more powerful, it…
Dao Xuan-Quy, Le Ngoc-Bich, Vo The-Duy, Ngo Bac-Bien + 1 more
This study evaluates the potential and challenges of large langue models (LLMs) for education in chemistry. Specifically, we analyze the performance of two state -of-the art of LLMs, ChatGPT and Microsoft Bing AI Chat, on a quiz dataset consisting of 200 multiple-choice questions in chemistry at the high school level.…
Linjing Jiang, Jennifer Tepan, Anastasiia Khibovska, Hoi-Chung Leung
The accurate processing of incoming visual information in serial order is fundamental to visual cognition. Prior studies have demonstrated primacy and recency effects in tasks requiring the serial recall of visual stimuli such as letters, digits, words, or locations. However, there is still ongoing debate about whether…
Maëliss Vivion, Fabien Mathy, Alessandro Guida, Lydiane Mondot + 1 more
Spatialization in working memory refers to the spatial coding of non-spatial information along a mental horizontal line when encoding verbal material. This phenomenon is thought to support working memory by facilitating order encoding. Although it has been observed for both visually and auditorily presented stimuli, no…
Tanya Wen, Tobias Egner
Meaningful changes in context create “event boundaries”, segmenting continuous experience into distinct episodes in memory. A foundational finding in this literature is that event boundaries impair memory for the temporal order of stimuli spanning a boundary compared to equally spaced stimuli within an event. This…
Yu Kitazawa, Kazuki Sakakura, Hiroshi Uda, Naoto Kuroda + 18 more
We visualized functional and effective connectivity within specific white matter networks in response to auditory descriptive questions. We investigated 40 Japanese-speaking patients with focal epilepsy and estimated connectivity measures using cortical high-gamma dynamics and MRI tractography. Hearing a…
Xinjian Cen, Rachel J. Lee, Christopher Contreras, Melinda T. Owens + 1 more
Active learning, including student thinking and discussion in class, has been shown to increase student learning gains. However, it is less clear how variations in how instructors implement active learning affect student gains. Our study aims to investigate the extent to which the time spent on individual episodes of…
Gerrit Sommerauer, Karl-Heinz Grass, Roland H. Grabner, Stephan E. Vogel
Behavioral and neuroimaging studies have recently demonstrated that symbolic numerical order processing (i.e., deciding whether numbers are in an increasing/decreasing sequence or not) may engages different cognitive mechanisms and brain regions compared to symbolic numerical magnitude processing (e.g., deciding which…
Xinyu Liu, Dongxun Lyu, Céline Merlet, Matthew Leesmith + 4 more
The difficulty in characterizing the complex structures of nanoporous carbon electrodes has led to a lack of clear design principles with which to improve supercapacitors. While pore size has long been considered the main lever to improve capacitance, our study of a large series of commercial nanoporous carbons finds a…