22 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Ishani Ganguly, Emily L. Heckman, Ashok Litwin-Kumar, E. Josephine Clowney + 1 more
'E. Josephine Clowney' 'Rudy Behnia'] The arthropod mushroom body is well-studied as an expansion layer representing olfactory stimuli and linking them to contingent events. However, 8% of mushroom body Kenyon cells in Drosophila melanogaster receive predominantly visual input, and their function remains unclear. Here…
Steven A. Frank
Organisms perceive their environment and respond. The origin of perception-response traits presents a puzzle. Perception provides no value without response. Response requires perception. Recent advances in machine learning may provide a solution. A randomly connected network creates a reservoir of perceptive…
Rodrigo F. O. Pena, Horacio G. Rotstein
Neuronal systems are subject to rapidly fluctuations both intrinsically and externally. In mathematical models, these fluctuations are typically incorporated as stochastic noise (e.g., Gaussian white or colored noise). Noise can be both disruptive and constructive, for example, by creating irregularities and…
Ram Soorat, K. Madhuri, Ashok Vudayagiri
One of the key requirement of many schemes is that of random numbers. Sequence of random numbers are used at several stages of a standard cryptographic protocol. A simple example is of a Vernam cipher, where a string of random numbers is added to massage string to generate the encrypted code. It is represented as C = M…
Dongfang Li, Zhaojun Lu, Xuecheng Zou, Zhenglin Liu + 1 more
'Leonhard M. Reindl'] Random number generators (RNG) play an important role in many sensor network systems and applications, such as those requiring secure and robust communications. In this paper, we develop a high-security and high-throughput hardware true random number generator, called PUFKEY, which consists of two…
Benedikt Kristinsson
Cheap micro-controllers, such as the Arduino or other controllers based on the Atmel AVR CPUs are being deployed in a wide variety of projects, ranging from sensors networks to robotic submarines. In this paper, we investigate the feasibility of using the Arduino as a true random number generator (TRNG). The Arduino…
Jinxin Zhang, Meng Wu, Omprakash Kaiwartya
The key system serves as a vital foundation for ensuring the security of information systems. In the presence of a large scale of heterogeneous sensors, the use of low-quality keys directly impacts the security of data and user privacy within the sensor network. Therefore, the demand for high-quality keys cannot be…
Stefan Kutschera, Wolfgang Slany, Patrick Ratschiller, Sarina Gursch + 2 more
Privacy and security require not only strong algorithms but also reliable and readily available sources of randomness. To tackle this problem, one of the causes of single-event upsets is the utilization of a non-deterministic entropy source, specifically ultra-high energy cosmic rays. An adapted prototype based on…
Cina Aghamohammadi, James P. Crutchfield
We analyze the thermodynamic costs of the three main approaches to generating random numbers via the recently introduced Information Processing Second Law. Given access to a specified source of randomness, a random number generator (RNG) produces samples from a desired target probability distribution. This differs from…
Kyungroul Lee, Manhee Lee
As transmissions of data between mobile and embedded devices in multi-access edge computing (MEC) increase, data must be protected, ensuring confidentiality and integrity. These issues are usually solved with cryptographic algorithms systems, which utilize a random number generator to create seeds and keys randomly.…
Seda Arslan Tuncer, Turgay Kaya
It is possible to generate personally identifiable random numbers to be used in some particular applications, such as authentication and key generation. This study presents the true random number generation from bioelectrical signals like EEG, EMG, and EOG and physical signals, such as blood volume pulse, GSR (Galvanic…
Hojong Choi, Seung-Hyeok Shin, Diego Martín, Masoud Kaveh + 1 more
'Mohammad Reza Mosavi'] Ultrasound systems have been widely used for consultation; however, they are susceptible to cyberattacks. Such ultrasound systems use random bits to protect patient information, which is vital to the stability of information-protecting systems used in ultrasound machines. The stability of the…
Vaignana Spoorthy Ella
This paper investigates the use of different transformations for improving the randomness of sequences. In particular, convolutional codes are used for increasing the size of a given sequence and then a random mapping function is used for further randomization. We have shown how such a method can convert highly…
Jacob Hammond
Random number generation is a key technology that is useful in a variety of ways. Random numbers are often used to generate keys for data encryption. Random numbers generated at a sufficiently long length can encrypt sensitive data and make it difficult for another computer or person to decrypt the data. Other uses for…
Ali Abdolrahimi Zarnagh, Ali Motazedifard
Generating reliable random and pseudo-random sequences is important in many electronic and signal processing systems, such as secure communications, radar, spread-spectrum methods, and autonomous platforms. Although true and quantum random number generators provide stronger unpredictability, classical pseudo-random…
Thomas Lynn, Julio Ottino, Richard Lueptow, Paul Umbanhowar
Cut-and-shuffle mixing is an instructive candidate system with which to assess the potential of machine learning (ML) as an approach to solve difficult mixing problems. We focus on a specific subset of cut-and-shuffle systems, the one-dimensional interval exchange transform. This class of mixing operations is well…
Bernard Widynski
In this article, we propose a new counter-based implementation of John von Neumann's middle-square random number generator (RNG). Several rounds of squaring are applied to a counter to produce a random output. We discovered that four rounds are sufficient to provide satisfactory data. Two versions of the RNG are…
Branden Fitelson, Daniel N. Osherson
We consider evidence relevant to whether a (possibly idealized) physical process is producing its output randomly. For definiteness, we'll consider a coinflipper C which reports "H" for a heads and "T" for a tails. By C producing its output "randomly," we mean H and T have equal probability and trials are independent.…
Marwen Belkaid, Elise Bousseyrol, Romain Durand-de Cuttoli, Malou Dongelmans + 9 more
Can our choices just be driven by chance? To investigate this question, we designed a deterministic setting in which mice reinforce non-repetitive choice sequences, and modeled it using reinforcement learning. Mice progressively increased their choice variability using a memory-free, pseudo-random selection, rather…
Authors not listed
Inverse problems, where we seek the values of inputs to a model that lead to a desired set of outputs, are a challenges subset of problems in science and engineering. In this work we demonstrate the use of two generative AI methods to solve inverse problems. We compare this approach to two more conventional approaches…
Authors not listed
Solving optimization problems, especially for nonlinear and constrained systems, is a challenge. Decades of specialized algorithms have been developed for general and special cases of root finding, minimization (including constraints), for parameter estimation, and mapping connected spaces. These approaches typically…
Kagari Yamada, Kazushi Tsutsui, Kazutoshi Kudo
Human intuition about randomness is systematically biased. When asked to generate random sequences, people systematically generate too many alternations. At the same time, game-theoretic analyses of competitive interactions prescribe truly random mixed strategies as the unique way to remain unpredictable to an…