23 papers · ranked by Valyu relevance
Yongxin Li
This work starts from definition of randomness, the results of algorithmic randomness are analyzed from the perspective of application. Then, the source and nature of randomness is explored, and the relationship between infinity and randomness is found. The properties of randomness are summarized from the perspective…
Vasileios Mantas, Vasileia Kotoula, Artemios Pehlivanidis, Mohsen Khosravi
'Mohsen Khosravi'] Introduction The fast, intuitive and autonomous system 1 along with the slow, analytical and more logical system 2 constitute the dual system processing model of decision making. Whether acting independently or influencing each other both systems would, to an extent, rely on randomness in order to…
Stefan Kutschera, Wilhelm Zugaj, Wolfgang Slany
—We aim to access entropy sources available within smartphones in order to construct and evaluate a random number generator which is competitive in comparison with existing and proven random number generators. A prototype utilizing the herein proposed algorithm shall generate data that can be tested against the…
Alejandro Andrés Hnilo, Andrei Khrennikov, Vladimir I. Manko
Assuming that there is no way of sending signals propagating faster than light and that free will exists, the loophole-free observed violation of Bell’s inequalities demonstrates that at least one of three fundamental hypotheses involved in the derivation and observation of the inequalities is false: Locality, Realism…
Flavio Del Santo, Nicolas Gisin, Luis Alfredo Herrera Cometta
A long-standing tradition, largely present in both the physical and the philosophical literature, regards the advent of (special) relativity-with its block-universe picture-as the failure of any indeterministic program in physics. On the contrary, in this paper, we note that upholding reasonable principles of…
Stefan Kutschera, Wolfgang Slany, Patrick Ratschiller, Sarina Gursch + 2 more
Privacy and security require not only strong algorithms but also reliable and readily available sources of randomness. To tackle this problem, one of the causes of single-event upsets is the utilization of a non-deterministic entropy source, specifically ultra-high energy cosmic rays. An adapted prototype based on…
Ali Abdolrahimi Zarnagh, Ali Motazedifard
Generating reliable random and pseudo-random sequences is important in many electronic and signal processing systems, such as secure communications, radar, spread-spectrum methods, and autonomous platforms. Although true and quantum random number generators provide stronger unpredictability, classical pseudo-random…
Tim Angelike, Jochen Musch
Whether and how well people can behave randomly is of interest in many areas of psychological research. The ability to generate randomness is often investigated using random number generation (RNG) tasks, in which participants are asked to generate a sequence of numbers that is as random as possible. However, there is…
Yaron Ilan
The Constrained Disorder Principle (CDP) defines all systems in nature by their degree of inherent variability. Per the CDP, the intrinsic variability is mandatory for their proper function and is dynamically changed based on pressures. The CDP defines the boundaries of inherent variability as a mechanism for…
Cécile Gal, Ioana Țincaș, Vasile V. Moca, Andrei Ciuparu + 4 more
Recognising objects is a vital skill on which humans heavily rely to respond quickly and adaptively to their environment. Yet, we lack understanding on the role visual information sampling plays in this process, and its relation to the individual’s priors. To bridge this gap, the eye-movements of 18 adult participants…
Juan Giral Martínez, Matthieu Barbier, Silvia De Monte
A growing body of ‘disordered systems’ theory investigates minimal ecosystem models with random interactions, where simple statistics suffice to predict dynamical outcomes and macroecological patterns. However, interaction networks commonly possess large-scale structures, such as hierarchies or functional groups, that…
Manuel de J. Luevano, Alejandro Puga
In this work, several random Boolean networks (RBN) are generated and analyzed from two characteristics: their time evolution diagram and their transition diagram. For this purpose, its randomness is estimated using three measures, of which Algorithmic Complexity is capable of both a) revealing transitions towards the…
Maja Guseva, Carsten Bogler, Carsten Allefeld, John-Dylan Haynes
Randomness is a fundamental property of human behavior. It occurs both in the form of intrinsic random variability, say when repetitions of a task yield slightly different behavioral outcomes, or in the form of explicit randomness, say when a person tries to avoid being predicted in a game of rock, paper and scissors.…
Kagari Yamada, Kazushi Tsutsui, Kazutoshi Kudo
Human intuition about randomness is systematically biased. When asked to generate random sequences, people systematically generate too many alternations. At the same time, game-theoretic analyses of competitive interactions prescribe truly random mixed strategies as the unique way to remain unpredictable to an…
Nicolas Gisin
I argue that scientific determinism is not supported by facts, but results from the elegance of the mathematical language physicists use, in particular from the so-called real numbers and their infinite series of digits. Classical physics can thus be interpreted in a deterministic or indeterministic way. However, using…
Thomas Lynn, Julio Ottino, Richard Lueptow, Paul Umbanhowar
Cut-and-shuffle mixing is an instructive candidate system with which to assess the potential of machine learning (ML) as an approach to solve difficult mixing problems. We focus on a specific subset of cut-and-shuffle systems, the one-dimensional interval exchange transform. This class of mixing operations is well…
Juan Giral Martínez, Matthieu Barbier, Silvia De Monte
Minimal models for complex ecosystems often assume random interactions, whose statistics suffice to predict dynamical and macroecological patterns. However, ecological networks commonly possess a variety of properties, such as hierarchies or functional groups, that structure species interactions. Here, we ask how…
Eldar Knar
In this work, a new concept called Vector Dissipation of Randomness (VDR) is developed and formalized. It describes the mechanism by which complex multicomponent systems transition from chaos to order through the filtering of random directions, accumulation of information in the environment, and self-organization of…
Zura Kakushadze
Scientific discussions of the arrow of time often get quite confusing due to highly complex systems they deal with. Popular literature then often coveys messages that tend to get lost in translation. The purpose of this note is to demystify the arrow of time by stripping off the unnecessary complexities and thereby…
Maja Guseva, Carsten Bogler, Carsten Allefeld, Ece Büşra Ziya + 1 more
In some cases, when we are making decisions, the available choices can appear to be equivalent. When this happens, our choices appear not to be constrained by external factors and instead we can believe to be selecting “randomly”. Furthermore, randomness is sometimes even explicitly required by task conditions such as…
Mohsen Farshad
The energy and entropy, expressed in free energy, determine the behavior of a system. Therefore, infinite knowledge of these two quantities leads to precise prediction of the system's trajectories. Here, we study how the energy and entropy affect the distribution of a two-component system in a box. First, using a…
Giovanni Sileno, Jean-Louis Dessalles
Unexpectedness is a central concept in Simplicity Theory, a theory of cognition relating various inferential processes to the computation of Kolmogorov complexities, rather than probabilities. Its predictive power has been confirmed by several experiments with human subjects, yet its theoretical basis remains largely…
Authors not listed
Sequence is the critical determinant of macromolecular function, yet current polymer design approaches often optimize monomer composition and ratios while ignoring sequence. This creates poorly defined design spaces for active learning that miss the vast combinatorial landscape of sequence possibilities. We introduce…